^   >^V  ^ 
^X^^. 


N 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0     ^^  1^ 


Hf  114 
Z   US, 

m 


2.2 
2.0 


1.1     ... 

M 


•y 


Photographic 

Sdsices 

Corporaton 


23  VmST  MAIN  STRHT 

Vy|gSTIR,N  Y.  14SiO 

(716)«71-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  IMicroraproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microraproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 
D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagie 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurte  et/ou  peliiculAe 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□   Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  gtographiques  en  couleur 

□   Coloured  init  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


D 
D 


D 


D 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout6es 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  At6  filmAes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplAmentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  «t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reprodulte,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mAthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 

□   Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□    Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

□   Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurtes  et/ou  pellicuMes 

I — I    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 


D 


Pages  dAcolortes,  tachet^es  ou  piqutes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tachtes 


j — I    Showthrough/ 


Transparence 


□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  \tviga\e  de  I'impression 

I — I   Includes  supplementary  material/ 


Comprend  du  materiel  suppiimentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  bean  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t«  filmtos  d  nouveau  de  fa^on  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dessous. 

18X  22X 


10X 


14X 


12X 


16X 


aox 


26X 


»X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


' '  iWMliliWimWMMSin  ■■ 


ails 

du 

difier 

une 

laga 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
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filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  In  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  Illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  Illustrated  Impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  Impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  Included  In  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  Illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  fllmA  f ut  reproduit  grAce  h  la 
gAnArositA  da: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

Les  images  sulvantes  ont  AtA  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettetA  de  l'exemplaire  filmA,  at  en 
conformltA  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fllmage. 

Les  exemplaires  orlginaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  ImprlmAe  sont  filmAs  en  commen^ant 
par  le  premier  plat  at  en  terminant  solt  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impresslon  ou  d'lllustration,  solt  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cae.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
orlginaux  sont  filmAs  en  commenpant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Imprasslon  ou  d'lllustration  at  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernlAre  Image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  Y  signifie  "FIN  ". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  A  des  taux  de  rAductlon  diff Arents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  11  est  filmA  A  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'Images  nAcessalre.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


rrata 
to 


pelure, 
nA 


□ 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

* 

■■■-in-i«iifii>iimiuwiMii»*witiiiiii'ii«ititwffir»if'm'T'i"™'^f-«"^^'"'--^ 


WM 


\ 


OmniMmtitU  of_ 


MARIN  E-Vl^S' 

i:he  lake  sports. 


IM©S0R. 


-      BUSINESS  AND  BUSIKMSS  MMS. 


'k- 


MARINE  HISTORY. 


THE 


1% 


LAKE  PORTS. 


HISTORICAL  AND  DESCRIPTIVE  REVIEW 

OK  THK 

LAKE8,  H1VEK8,  ISLANUS,  C'lTIKS,  TOWNS,  WATERING  PLACES. 

FISHERIES,  VESSELS,  STEAMERS,  CAPTAINS,  DISASTERS, 

LIAKLY  NAVIGATORS,  MINERAL  WEALTH,  TRADE. 

COMMERCE,  TRANSPORTATION,  ETC.,  ETC. 


D  E  T  I{  0  I  T : 
HISTORICAL    PUBLISHING    COMPANY. 

1877. 


PRICE  25  CENTS. 


^1 


« 


Icia^  Hcpl:;:.'.')  U&i?.  IJ!>> 
9iJt 


llWll|blll*      iBi    w 


^^k  i 


[t^'    -^z, 


THE  PORT  OF  WINDSOR,  ONT. 


L 


HISTORICAL  REVIEW. 

Trade  and  Commerce — Business  and  Business  Men — Advantage  of 
Location — Progress  it  has  Made — Great  Results  from  Small 
Beginnings. 

BETWEEN  seventy  and  eighty  years  ago  the  site  of  the  present  town 
of  Windsor  was  little  hotter  than  a  wilderness;  a  few  log  cabins 
and  three  or  four  more  pretentious  log  houses  were  the  only  indi- 
cations  of  civilization.  'Tis  true  the  farms,  if  such  they  might  be 
called,  were  owned  by  those  who  cultivated  them,  but  their  crops  served 
only  to  supply  their  daily  wants,  save  a  periodical  exchange  of  commodities 
with  the  Northwest  Trading  Company,  who  had  a  station  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Sandwich,  and  another  at  Troy,  one  mile  above  Windsor. 

Among  the  most  prominent  of  the  early  settlers  of  this  neighborhood 
was  Francis  Baby,  P.  Oullette,  the  Rowe  and  the  Soyeau  familiei;  many  of 
whose  descendants  are  at  the  present  time  among  the  most  wealth  v  i.r\d  prom- 
in<^nt  residents  of  Essex  County.  Some  idea  of  the  value  of  real  udt'-.ie  a  few 
years  previous  to  this  may  be  gathered  from  the  following:  Daring  iho  occu- 
pancy of  Detroit  by  the  French  the  property  which  now  forms  part  of  the 
corporation  of  Windsor,  known  as  the  Jennett  farm,  was  sold  by  the  com- 
mandant of  the  fort  at  Detroit  for  a  yearly  rent  charge  of  sik  bushels  of 
^  wheat  and  two  capons.  But  about  this  time  the  emigration  fever,  kept  alive 
by  the  reports  of  the  fabulous  resources  of  the  Far  West,  combined  with  the 
superior  local  advantages  offered  by  its  location  on  one  of  the  moat  beautiful 
rivers  of  the  continent,  induced  very  many  during  the  succeeding  fifteen  or 
twenty  years  to  locate  in  the  neighborhood  ;  indeed,  so  rapidly  did  the  popu- 
lation increase  that  in  1828  there  were  upward  of  five  hundred  residents  in 
the  nelghboriiood,  between  Sandwich  and  Walkerville.    About  1796  Angus 


•A 


i 


S\ 


'  J 


N 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


Latin  Bnd  Greek  and  a  more  complete  course  of  muthematicfi,  naturul  sciences, 
belles  lettn-M  ond  history— ancient  and  nKMlern.  The  college  Is  a  thorouKhly 
flrstclass  one  in  every  respect,  and  iinder  the  JudlelotiH  management  of  Its 
president.  Rev.  Denis  O'Connor,  It  hus  hecomu  by  far  the  finest  collejje  In 
the  county,  and  has  few.  If  any.  superior  In  the  province. 


ASSUMPTION    COLLEGE! 

SANDWICH.  ONTARIO, 

(orrotiTi  DSTaoiT,  hichioan,  unitu  itatm.) 

Under  the  tpeeUd  patronage  of  Right  Rev.  John  Walth,  D.  D.,  Biehop  of  London. 
Ontario,  and  the  direction  of  the  Baeitian  Fatltere. 


THE  BIUDIEB  EMBBACE  THE  0LA88I0AL  AND  OOMMEBOIAL. 


Term*   ineluding  aU  ordinuru  eJtiteiine*,  Canada  money.  flSO.OO  per  annum. 
V^partimlare  apply  to  HEV.  DENIS  OUONMR.  PrenSent. 


M  B  —AH  fee»  to  b«  paid  itrictly  in  advance,  in  three  lerm«,  at  the  beainning  of  September, 
lotK  of  December,  and  aolh  ol  March,  Defaulter*  after  one  week  from  the  dalei  above  meniioned 
will  not  be  allowed  to  attend  the  College.  No  deduction  shall  be  made  for  any  term  commenced, 
unleti  in  case*  of  prolonged  illneu  or  expulsion.        Addreu, 

REV.  DENIS  O'CONNOR, 

PremUnt  of  the  College. 


W.  H.  E.  WHITING, 

Among  the  successful  business  men  of  Windsor,  may  be  mentioned  W.  H. 
E  Whiting,  who  occupies  a  line  three-story  buildlrg  on  the  east  side  of 
Sandwich  street,  twenty-two  feet  wide  bv  seventy  feet  deep,  as  a  clothing 
•tore  The  business  was  estobllshed  by  Mr.  Cameron  about  live  years  ago, 
the  present  proprietor  having  been  In  possession  since  <he  spring  of  1878. 
This  Is  the  only  exclusive  ready-made  clothing  establishment  in  the  citv.  The 
stock  is  a  very  fine  one  and  embraces  everything  appertaining  to  the  clothing 
and  gents'  furnishing  goods  trade.  On  account  of  the  superiority  of  Jus  goods 
he  enloys  an  extensive  local  and  country  patronage.  Parties  visiting  Windsor 
cannot  do  better  than  trade  at  this  reliable  institution.  From  a  moderate 
commencement,  by  paying  strict  attention  to  the  wants  of  his  customers,  Mr. 
Whiting  has  succeeded  In  establishing  a  business  the  returns  rom  which 
aggregate  about  f  80,000  annually.  

-W.   H.   E.  WHITINGh 

Keep*  conataatly  en  haad  •  Ufg*  and  well  lelected  itock  of 

jr«n'«  Youth/ and  Boys'  Rettdy-Made  Clothing,  in  aU  the  Latett  Styles, 

AIM  all  the  latett  norelties  in  HaU,  Capi  and  Gents*  Furaiibingi. 
aiLK  HANDKBROHIEFS  and  FINE  NECKWEAR  A  SPECIALTY. 


-...  J 


tural  spionces, 
I  u  thorniifchly 
gement  of  itH 
t'Bt  colle^o  in 


EGE! 


hop  of  London, 


HEBOIAL. 


X)  per  annum, 
tndent. 


ng  of  September, 
I  above  mcniionea 
term  commenced, 

:;oNNOR, 

t  of  the  CoUege. 


jntioned  W.  H. 
le  east  side  of 
,  as  a  clothing 
Ave  years  ago, 
tpring  of  1878. 
u  the  city.  The 
to  the  clothing 
ity  of  his  goods 
isiting  Windsor 
■om  a  moderate 
customers,  Mr. 
■ns    rom  which 


t  LUest  Styles, 

inp. 

FECIALTT. 
TORE, 

«k,  WlHBMB,  Omt. 


THE  PORT  OF  WINDSOR,  ONT. 


HISTORICAL   REVIEW. 

Trade  ami  Commfrce — Business  and  Business  Men — Advantage  of 
Location — Progress  it  has  Made — Great  Results  from  Small 
Beginnings, 

|ETW£EN  seventy  and  eighty  years  ago  the  site  of  the  present  town 
of  Windsor  was  little  better  than  a  wilderness;  a  few  log  cabins 
and  three  or  four  more  pretentious  log  houses  were  the  only  indi- 
cations of  civilization.  'Tis  true  the  farms,  if  such  they  might  be 
called,  were  owned  by  those  who  cultivated  them,  but  their  crops  served 
only  to  supply  their  daily  wants,  save  a  periodical  exchange  of  commodities 
with  the^orthwest  Trading  Company,  who  had  a  station  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  mndwich,  and  another  at  Troy,  one  mile  above  Windsor. 

Among  the  most  prominent  of  the  early  settlers  of  this  neighbortiood 
was  Francis  Baby,  P.  Oullette,  the  Kowe  and  the  Soyeau  families,  many  of 
whose  descendants  are  at  the  present  time  among  the  most  wealthy  and  prom- 
in»!nt  residents  of  Essex  County.  Some  Idea  of  the  value  of  real  estate  a  few 
years  previous  to  this  may  be  gathered  from  the  following:  During  the  occu- 
pancy of  Detroit  by  the  French  the  property  which  now  forms  part  of  the 
corporation  of  Windsor,  known  as  the  Jennett  farm,  was  sold  by  the  com- 
mandant of  the  fort  at  Detroit  for  a  yearly  rent  charge  of  six  bushels  of 
wheat  and  two  capons.  But  about  this  time  the  emigration  fever,  kept  alive 
by  the  reports  of  the  fabulous  resources  of  the  Far  West,  combined  with  the 
superior  local  advantages  offered  by  its  location  on  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
rivers  of  the  continent,  induced  very  many  during  the  succeeding  fifteen  or 
twenty  years  to  locate  in  the  neighborhood  ;  indeed,  so  rapidly  did  the  popu- 
lation increase  that  in  1828  there  were  upward  of  five  hundred  residents  in 
the  neighborhood,  between  Sandwich  and  Walkerville.    About  1796  Angus 


\ 


MMMMI 


■i0ir- 


1 


'1? 


THE   LAKE   POK  1  S. 


Latin  and  Greek  and  a  more  complete  counte  of  matliematici,  natural  scloncci*, 
bfllloa  Icttren  and  JiUtory— anrlent  and  nuMlfrn.  The  eollejie  Ih  ii  thoroiiably 
flrat-clawt  one  in  every  respei^t,  and  uniier  lite  judlcioun  iiuiniigement  of  Itn 
president,  Kcv.  Donid  O'Connor,  It  linN  lM>conie  by  far  tlu!  Uncut  coIIi'kc  In 
tlie  county,  and  baa  few.  if  any,  HUi»erlitr  In  the  province. 


ASSUMPTION    COLLEGE! 

SANDWICH,  ONTARIO, 

(OPrcWrtB  OaraOIT,   MICHIOAH,  UMITBD  tTATH.) 

Under  the  ipedal  ptUronage  of  Right  liee.  John  Wdlth,  D.  />.,  Bithop  qf  Lmidon, 
Ontario,  and  the  directum  of  the  Ban'U'nn  Fatkert. 


THE  STUDIES  EMBSiCE  THE  0LA8SI0AL  AID  OOMMEBOIAL. 


nrm$   itteludina  all  ordinary  emeii»e»,  ('niuubt  uwnev.  Hl.W.OO  per  annum. 
Fbr  parHeulare  apply  to  KEV.  DENIS  O'COyNOR.  PrenSenl. 


H  B.— All  fMk  to  b*  paid  ttriclly  in  advance,  in  thrae  lannt,  at  the  baiinnlna  of  SeptamlMr. 
mh  of  Dacamber,  and  loth  ol  March.  Dcfaultara  after  one  week  from  the  dates  above  mentioned 
will  not  be  albwed  to  attend  the  College.  No  deduction  ihall  be  made  for  any  term  commenced, 
unUu  in  caiet  of  prolonged  illneu  or  expuUion.       Addreu, 

REV.  DENIS  O'CONNOR, 

Preeident  of  the  College. 


W.  H.  E.  WHITINQ, 


ed  W.  H. 


Among  the  successful  business  men  of  Windsor,  may  be  mentlooed 
E  Whitiso,  who  occupies  a  fine  three-story  building  on  the  ei9  side  of 
Sandwich  street,  twenty-two  feet  wide  by  seventy  feet  deep,  as  a  clothing 
store.  The  business  was  established  by  Mr.  Cameron  about  five  years  ago, 
the  present  proprietor  having  been  in  possession  since  the  spring  of  1878. 
This  is  the  only  exclusive  ready-made  clothing  establishment  In  the  citv.  The 
stock  is  a  very  fine  one  and  embraces  everything  appertaining  to  the  clothing 
and  gento*  furnUhing  goods  trade.  On  account  of  the  superiority  of  his  goods 
he  enjoys  an  extensive  local  and  country  patronage.  Parties  visiting  Windsor 
cannot  do  better  th»n  trade  at  this  reliable  institution.  From  a  moderate 
commencement,  by  ^ying  strict  attention  to  the  wants  of  his  customers,  Mr. 
Whiting  has  succeeded  In  establishing  a  business  the  returns  from  which 
aggregate  about  #80,000  annually. 

W.   H.  E.  "WHITING- 

Keep*  oeaalwUy  on  hand  a  laigc  and  well  Mlaeted  stack  sf 

Mm'i  TtnUW  and  Boys'  Ready-Made  Clothing,  in  aU  the  Latest  Styles, 

Also  sU  the  latest  aorelties  ia  HaU,  Caps  and  Genu'  Fumithing*. 
BILK  HANDKBRCHIBFB  and  FINE  NECKWEAR  A  8PECIALTT. 
DoatfidltocaU.  WINDSOR  CLOTHING  STORE, 

*^  3]  Opera  Honu  Block,  Wihbsob,  Out. 


•mm^ 


urnl  sclviiccii, 
u  thoroiisbly 
(omi-nt  of  liH 
'A  colli>)(i*  In 


EGE! 


\op<\f  l/nidon. 


[EBOIAL. 


0  per  annum, 
naent. 


IE  of  SepUmlMr. 
above  mentioned 
erm  commenced, 

ONNOR, 
of  the  College. 


Doed 
e  ei^  side  of 
as  a  clothing 
Ive  years  ago, 
prlng  of  1878. 
I  the  city.  The 
to  the  clothing 
ty  of  his  gooils 
siting  Windsor 
}m  a  moderate 
i^ustomers,  Mr. 
18  from  which 


Ltaeit  Styles, 

igt. 

'ECIALTT. 

ORE, 

1^  WiHDMW,  Out. 


THE    LAKE   PORTS. 


BLACK  &  CHEYNE. 

Tlilit  tirin  have  one  of  thi*  lar)^t'Mt  dry  giNtds  ami  mllllnfry  Iioiiiwn  In  Windsor. 
They  occupy  a  tlircf  Htory  brick  liiilldiiiK.  with  a  frontage  of  twi>nty-flvo  feet 
Ity  sixty  f«'»'t  dcf|»  on  Sandwich  Mtrcct.  The  firm  was  •■Mtiililisiu-*!  by  Its  pre- 
sent nroprietoiH  In  the  t<prlng  of  IH7'i,  ami  have  succeeded  In  niHklni(  It  one  of 
tlie  iinvHt  conccrnH  In  the  town.  Their  display  of  silks  Is  very  line,  many 
Detroit  ladies  vinit  Windsor  for  the  express  purpom;  of  patronl/liig  tids  favor 
ite  estalillHliment.  The  ndiiinery  l)iiMinesi(  In  connection  with  tlie  concern,  Is  a 
very  extensive  one,  liy  far  tlie  largest  In  town,  and  employs  M'veral  liaiids. 
There  are  nuuieroiis  other  departuients  connected  witli  tlie  business,  sticli  as 
tlie  sitawi  department,  maniie  and  jacket  department,  <&c.  Ac..,  all  equally  well 
apiminted,  and  doubtless  equally  attractive  t4>  tlie  fair  visitors.  Althougii 
Messrs.  IIi.ack  &  (.'iikvnk,  have  been  comparatively  but  a  short  time  in  bust- 
nem.  they  may  Justly  claim  a  front  place  among  the  merchants  of  Windsor. 


BLACK  &  CHEYNE, 


TRADE 


MAUK. 


BEAVEE   HOUSE, 

No.  17  SANDWICH  STREET,  WINDSOR, 
iMPOBTma  or 

0®r  GOODS  AK'D  MILLIKEUY, 

GENTS'  FURNISHINGS. 
HAT"S,   CAPS   AND   FURS. 


THE  SANDWICH  MINERAL  SPRINGS. 

One  of  the  most  important  institutions  of  the  ancient  and  pictureflque  little 
town  of  Sandwich,  are  the  MUieral  Springs,  known  as  the  "Pool  of  Siloam." 
The  efflcacy  of  medicated  waters  ana  springs  has  been  recognized  from  time 
immemorial  as  instrumental  in  curing  many  diseases  which  flesh  is  heh-  to. 
The  famous  Saratoga  Springs,  and  others  .may  of  course  claim  precedence  as 
fashionable  resorts,  but  it  is  doubtful  whether  as  much  can  be  said  respecting 
the  healing  properties  of  their  waters,  many  smaller  and  less  noted  springs 
according  to  medical  authority,  affording  far  greater  advantages  to  inTaliils. 
The  Springs  forming  the  subject  of  this  artif  le,  are  destined  ere  long  to  become 
a  pot)nlar  place  of  resort  and  a  rendezvous  for  invalids.  The  analysis  of  the 
watvr  shows  that  although  sulphur  is  the  predominating  feature,  a  considerable 
quantity  of  iron,  magnesia,  &c.,  enter  into  its  composition;  rendering  it  a  moat 


msm^- 


immm 


t\,n 


Hill)— II 


i.™ 


•H, 


i   I, 


1  ''it 


il|^ 


m 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


that  is  perfectly  irresistible.  The  sitting  rooms  are  also  deserving  of  special 
notice  for  the  extremely  lavish  manner  in  wliich  they  are  appointed.  Each  con- 
tains a  handsome  piano,  so  that  guests  returning  to  the  hotel  after  a  day's  weari- 
some business,  or  not  less  wearisome  pleasure,  can  be  solaced  by  listenmg  to  the 
sweet  music  evoked  bv  the  white  Angers  of  some  fair  guest.  There  is  also  a 
veranda  on  the  second  floor,  overlooking  the  Detroit  river.  This  is  a  beautiful 
place  for  guests  to  sit  in  the  evening  The  cool  breezes  from  off  the  river 
being  particularly  refreshing  in  summer,  and  affording  the  visitor,  besides  one  of 
the  best  opportunities  that  could  possibly  be  given  of  witnessing  the  various 
aquatic  contests  tliat  are  frequently  taking  place  during  the  season.  This  year, 
as  is  well  known,  the  International  Rowing  Association's  annual  boating  regatta 
will  take  place  at  Detroit.  This  magnificent  sight,  in  which  all  the  best  muscle 
and  sinew  of  American  boating  associations  will  participate,  and  which  many 
will  travel  hundreds  of  miles  to  see,  can  be  witnessed  from  no  better  point  or 
elevation  than  the  veranda  of  the  <3rawford  House.  On  the  top  of  the  building 
is  a  handsome  cupola,  accessible  b^'  a  staircase  and  contidning  glass  windows  at 
all  points  of  the  compass,  having  a  fine  view  of  the  river  and  surrounding 
country  for  a  radius  of  twenty  miles.  From  this  elevBtion  the  roqf  can  m 
gained,  and  here  a  fine  bird's  eye  view  of  Detroit  is  obtainable,  and  Perch 
island  and  Orosse  Point,  a  distance  of  about  fifteen  miles,  is  plainly  visible 
without  the  aid  of  either  telescope  or  prospect  glass.  A  splendid  table  is  kept, 
under  experienced  management,  and  every  care  taken  to  please  the  taste  of  the 
most  fastidious.  The  liouse  has  ample  accommodations  for  two  hundred  guests. 
The  staff  of  employes  is  large  and  efllcient,  and  guests  may  rely  on  being 
treated  with  politeness  and  consideration  by  all.  The  hotel  is  under  the  ex- 
perienced management  of  Mr.  Frank  Washburn,  for  some  time  clerk  during 
the  proprietorship  of  Mr.  Herons,  and  under  his  skillful  rale  the  house  is  in  a 
flourishmg  and  prosperous  condition.  Bath  rooms  and  appurtenances  are  pro- 
vided for  guests  free  of  charge.  These  rooms  are  handsomely  fitted  and  com- 
plete in  everv  particular.  One  fact  must  not  be  forgotten,  viz :  that  the  gas 
with  wliich  the  hotel  is  lighted  is  made  on  the  premises,  it  being  the  only  place 
in  Windsor  where  that  conibustible  is  used.  Mr.  Crawford  is  a  gentleman  well 
and  favorably  known  among  business  circles.  He  is  a  well  known  capitalist, 
possessing  a  large  quantity  of  property  ;n  Montreal.  Windsor  and  other  places, 
and  too  much  praise  cannot  be  given  him  for  the  good  he  has  done  the  town  of 
Windsor  in  establishing  within  her  precincts  so  fine  an  institution  as  the  Craw- 
foi-d  House. 

ASKIN  dt  BABY'S  VINEGAR  WORKS. 

This  extensive  business  was  first  established  by  Mr.  Hiram  Walker,  of 
Detroit,  in  1856.  The  premises,  which  consist  of  a  fine  three-story  building, 
forty-eight  feet  square,  occupy  lot  sixty-six  of  the  first  conceasion  at  Sandwich. 
Subsequently  the  business  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  John  Thorpe,  who 
sold  out  to  its  present  proprietors,  Messrs.  Abkin  &  Baby,  about  two  years  ago. 
These  works  possess  all  the  requirements  for  carrying  on  a  large  business. 
Their  specialty  consists  in  making  a  superior  vinegar  from  highwines,  for 
which  they  have  an  immense  demand,  their  trade  extending  over  the  whole 
county  and  province,  and  in  the  manufacture  of  which  .several  hands  are  cm- 
ployed.  This  is  the  largest  vinegar  works  west  of  Hamilton,  Ontario.  Mr. 
Askin,  the  senior  partner  of  this  firm,  is  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  Sand- 
wich, and  was  the  late  County  Register,  which  office  his  father  held  for  many 
years  previously. 

ESTABLISHGD  1856.  '  P.  O.  DRAWER  835. 

ASKIN    &    BA  BY 

Manufacturen  of  pure 

VINEGARS^  WHITE  WINE,  CIDER  AND  MALT, 
"Windsor  Vinegar   Works. 

V  WIN080B.  ONTARIO. 


. A...„ 


Tving  of  special 
nted.  Each  cen- 
ter a  da^'sweari- 
ir  listening  to  the 
Thert3  is  also  a 
his  is  a  beautiful 
om  off  the  river 
r>r,  besides  one  of 
ssing  the  various 
ason.  This  year, 
il  boating  regatta 
1  the  best  muscle 
and  which  many 
)  better  point  or 
p  of  the  building 
glass  windows  at 
and  surrounding 
I  the  roof  can  be 
nable,  and  Perch 
is  plainly  visible 
adid  table  is  kept, 
e  the  taste  of  the 

0  hundred  guests, 
lay  rely  on  being 
is  unaer  the  ex- 
time  clerk  during 
the  house  is  in  a 
tenances  are  pro- 
y  fitted  and  com- 
viz :  that  the  gas 
[ng  the  only  place 

a  gentleman  well 
known  capitalist, 
and  other  places, 
done  the  town  of 
ititm  as  the  Craw- 

s. 

liram  Walker,  of 
•ee-story  building, 
ision  at'Sandwich. 
ohn  Tlwrpe,  who 
lOut  two  years  ago. 

1  a  large  business, 
im  highwines,  for 
ng  over  the  whole 
eral  hands  are  em- 
,on,  Ontario.  Mr. 
residents  of  Sand- 
her  held  for  many 


'.  O.  Drawer  835. 

ND  MALT, 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


BLACK  &  CHEYNE. 

This  Arm  have  one  of  the  largest  dry  goods  and  millinery  houses  in  Windsor. 
They  occupy  a  tliree  story  brick  building,  with  a  frontage  of  twenty-five  feet 
by  sixty  feet  deep  un  Sandwich  street.  The  firm  was  established  by  its  pre- 
sent proprietors  in  the  bipring  of  1872,  and  have  succeeded  in  making  it  one  of 
the  finest  concerns  in  the  town.  Their  display  of  silks  is  very  tine,  many 
Detroit  ladies  visit  Windsor  for  the  express  purpose  of  patronizing  this  favor 
ite  establishment.  The  millinery  business  in  couuection  with  tlie  concern,  is  a 
very  extensive  one,  by  far  the  largest  in  town,  and  employs  several  hands. 
There  are  numerous  other  departments  connected  with  the  business,  such  as 
the  shawl  department,  mantle  and  jacket  department,  &c.  &c.,  all  equally  well 
appointed,  and  doubtless  equally  attractive  to  the  fair  visitors.  Although 
Messrs.  Black  &  Ciibvnb,  have  been  comparatively  but  a  short  time  in  busi- 
ness, they  may  justly  claim  a  front  place  among  the  merchants  of  Windsor. 

BLACK  &  CHEYNE, 


TRADE 


MARK. 


BEAVEE   HOUSE, 

No.  17  SANDWICH  STREET,  WINDSOR, 
iMPonraBs  or 

©Sr  GOODS  JiXD  MILLIXEnr, 

GENTS'  FURNISHINGS, 
HATS,   CARS   AND   FURS- 


THE  SANDWICH  MINERAL  SPRINGS. 

One  of  the  most  important  institutions  of  the  ancient  and  pictureflque  little 
town  of  Sandwich,  are  the  Mineral  Sprines,  knovni  as  the  "Pool  oi  Siloam." 
The  efficacy  of  medicated  waters  and  springs  has  been  recognized  from  time 
immemorial  as  instrumental  in  curing  many  diseases  which  flesh  is  heir  to. 
The  famous  !<laratoga  Springs,  and  others  may  of  course  claim  precedence  as 
fashionable  resorts,  but  it  is  doubtful  whether  as  much  can  be  said  respecting 
the  healing  properties  of  their  waters,  many  smaller  and  less  noted  springs 
according  to  medical  authority,  affording  far  greater  advantages  to  invalids. 
The  Springs  forming  the  subject  of  this  artit  le,  are  destined  ere  long  to  become 
a  popular  place  of  resort  and  a  remlezvoiu  for  invalids.  The  analysis  of  the 
water  shows  that  although  sulphur  ia  the  predominating  feature,  a  considerable 
quantity  of  iron,  magnesia,  &c.,  enter  into  its  composition;  rendering  it  %  most 


itr'-'^iimim \m 


II 


.  !■  latf  iii^i 


[VJV 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


ESTABLIBHKD  1856. 


A  SKI N    &   BABY 

Maaufactunn  of  pun 

VINEGARS,  WHITE  WINE,  CIDER  AND  MALT, 
Windsor  Vinegar  Works. 

WINOaOB,  OMTAKIO. 


f 


that  is  perfectly  irresistible.  Tlie  sitting  rooms  arc  also  deserving  of  special 
notice  for  the  extremely  lavish  manner  in  which  they  are  appointed.  Each  con- 
tains a  handsome  piano,  so  that  guests  returning  to  tlie  hotel  after  a  day's  weari- 
some business,  or  not  less  wearisome  pleasure,  can  be  solaced  by  listening  to  the 
sweet  music  evoked  bv  the  white  Angers  of  some  fair  guest.  Tliere  is  i^so  a 
veranda  on  the  secona  floor,  overlooking  the  Detroit  river.  This  is  a  beautiful 
place  for  guests  to  sit  in  the  evening  The  cool  breezes  from  off  the  river 
being  particularly  refreshing  in  summer,  and  affording  the  visitor,  besides  one  of 
the  best  opportimitles  that  could  possibly  be  given  of  witucssing  the  vuions 
aquatic  contests  that  arc  fro(|uentiy  taking  place  daring  the  season.  This  year, 
as  is  well  known,  the  International  Rowing  Association  s  annual  boating  regatta 
will  take  place  at  Detroit.  This  magniflcent  sight,  in  which  all  the  best  muscle 
and  sinew-of  American  boating  associations  will  participate,  and  which  many 
will  travel  hundreds  of  miles  to  see,  can  be  witnessed  from  no  better  point  or 
elevation  than  the  veranda  of  the  ('rawford  House.  On  the  top  of  the  Duilding 
is  a  handsome  cupola,  accessible  by  a  staircase  and  containing  glass  windows  at 
all  points  of  the  compass,  having  a  flne  viev  of  the  river  and  surrounding 
country  for  a  radius  of  twenty  miles.  From  this  elevation  the  roof  can  m 
rained,  and  here  a  fine  bird's  eye  view  of  Detroit  is  obtidnable,  and  Perch 
Island  and  Urosse  Point,  a  distance  of  about  fifteen  miles,  is  plainly  visible 
without  the  aid  of  either  telescope  or  prospect  glass.  A  splendid  table  is  kept, 
under  experienced  management,  and  every  care  taken  to  please  the  taste  of  the 
most  fastidious.  The  house  has  ample  accommodations  for  two  hundred  guests. 
The  staff  of  employes  is  large  and  efficient,  and  guests  may  rely  on  being 
treated  with  politeness  and  consideration  by  all.  The  hotel  is  under  the  ex- 
perienced management  of  Mr.  Frank  Washburn,  for  some  time  clerk  during 
the  pronrietorshlp  of  Mr.  Herons,  and  under  his  ski'iful  rule  the  house  is  in  a 
flourishing  and  prosperous  conditio  ;i.  Bath  rooms  and  appurtenances  are  pro- 
vided for  guests  free  of  charge.  These  rooms  are  handsomely  fitted  and  com- 
plete in  everv  particular.  One  fact  must  not  be  forgotten,  viz :  that  the  gas 
with  which  tne  hotel  is  lighted  is  inide  on  the  premises,  it  being  the  only  place 
in  Windsor  where  that  combustibK'  is  used.  Mr.  Crawfonl  is  a  gentleman  well 
and  favorably  known  among  business  chiles.  He  is  a  well  known  capitalist, 
possessing  a  large  quantity  of  property  in  Montreal,  Windsor  and  other  places, 
and  too  much  praise  cannot  be  given  him  for  the  good  he  has  done  the  town  of 
Windsor  in  establishing  within  her  precincts  so  flne  an  institution  as  the  Craw- 
ford House. 

ASKIN  &  BABY'S  VINEGAR  WORKS. 

This  extensive  businew  was  first  established  by  Mr.  Hiram  Walker,  of 
Detroit,  in  1856.  The  premises,  which  consist  of  a  flne  three-story  building, 
forty-eight  feet  Nquare,  occupy  lot  Hixty-six  of  the  first  concession  at  Sandwich. 
Subsequently  the  business  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  John  Thorpe,  who 
sold  out  to  its  present  proprietors,  Messrs.  Askin  &  Babt,  about  two  years  ago. 
These  works  possess  all  the  requirements  for  carrying  on  a  large  business. 
Their  specialty  consists  in  making  a  superior  vinegar  from  hignwines,  for 
which  they  have  an  immense  demand,  their  trade  extending  over  the  whole 
county  and  province,  and  in  the  manufacture  of  which  several  hands  are  em- 
ployed. This  is  the  largest  vinegar  works  west  of  Hamilton,  Ontario.  Mr. 
Askin,  the  senior  partner  of  this  firm,  is  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  Sand- 
wich, and  was  the  late  County  Register,  which  ofllce  his  father  held  for  many 
years  previously. 


P.  O.  Drawer  885. 


■  ^i"a  »     iir    iiaiM 


L 


■^■^ 


ing  of  special 
sd.  Each  ron- 
■aday'swcari- 
istening  to  the 
'here  is  also  a 
I  is  a  beautiful 
1  off  the  river 

besides  one  of 
ng  the  various 
)n.  This  year, 
Mating  regatta 
he  best  muscle 
id  which  many 
tetter  point  or 
>f  the  Duiiding 
MS  windows  at 
d  surrounding 
lie  roof  can  be 
bie,  and  Perch 

plainly  visible 
id  table  is  kept, 
he  taste  of  the 
inndred  guests. 

rely  on  being 

under  the  ex- 
le  clerk  during 
3  house  is  in  a 
lances  are  pro- 
itted  and  com- 
::  that  the  gas 
;  the  only  place 
gentleman  well 
lown  capitalist, 
id  other  places, 
>ne  the  town  of 
>n  as  the  Craw- 


am  Walker,  of 
-story  building, 
>n  at  Sandwich. 
D  Thorpe,  who 
t  two  years  ago. 
large  business, 
hignwines,  for 
over  the  whole 
1  haixds  are  em- 
,  Ontario.  Mr. 
idents  of  Sand- 
r  held  for  many 


>.  Drawer  885. 


}  MALt 


i\ 

»■  (,.1 


%k 


ntDSt"' 


WifMI 


-     i 


GOODRICH  TRANSPORTATION  CO. 

Side-Wheel  Steamboat  Ziinee. 

Passenger  steamers  leave  Chicago  altenmtely  for 


Racine,  lilwiDkei,  hUm  Mi  laiitof oc. 

The  Bi.boaht  Siob-Wribl  Btiamboatb 

Every  Mornin?,  Sundays  excepted,  at  9  o'clock. 

(tatnrdajr'ii  Boat  don't  leave  until  8  o'clock,  P.  IH. 

Friday  IMomlncc'H  Boat  Koea  Tbronch  to  Keivenaw  and  Ahnepce. 

Connects  at  KAaNE  with  W.  V.  K.  R.,  and  at  MILWAUKEE  with  all  Kallroada 

for  the  West  and  North. 

Also  connect*  at  Milwaukee  with  Steamer  DE  PBUB,  Tuesday  and 
Thursday  BveuinRS,  (or 

LUDINOTON    and     MANI8TKE. 

Thi  DE  PBBE  also  leaves  Milwaukee  every  ifaturday  evenlDK  for  LTTDING- 
TON,  MANI8IBB  and  FUANKFORT. 


The  Green  and  Bncanaba  Bay  Line  of  Boatii  leave  Tueadajr  and  Friday 
Bvenlnirs  at  7  o'clock,  touekluc  at  Intermediate  Porta. 


iS^raveling  by  the  Boats,  Board  included,  cheaper  than  Staying  at  Home ! 
Fare  to  Milwaukee.  Meals  included,  only  $S.OO,  being  i|1.00  less  than  by 
Rail.    R.  R.  Tickets  good  on  the  Boats. ' 


For  Grand  Haven,  UlaakeKon,  Pentivater,  Bl 

Holland,  Allecan,  Grand  Baplda,  Frnf" 

Detroit,  etc.,  every  evenlnn,  Sundays  except 


er,  Bte  Ba 
itport,  Spr 

ed,  at  7  u'clo 


aplda.  Traverae  City, 
ring  Lake,  Saclnaw, 

ock.  Ezeurslonlsts  f rom 
Chloaco  on  Saturday  Evening's  Boat,  can'arrlve  back  in  Chlcavo  early  Monday 
Morning.  Kare  to  Orand  Haven  only  $S.SOi  Muskegon,  $8.00t  Grand  Bapida, 
$8.50  )  Berth  included. 

For  St.  Joseph,  thr  new  and  elegant  hide-Wheel  Steemer  "COHONA,"  every 
morniag,  Sundays  excepted,  at  10  o'clock  Saturday's  Boat  will  not  leave  until 
11  P.  M 

For  Green  Bay,  Henomlnee,  and  Intermediate  Porta,  every  Tuesday  and 
Friday  evening,  at  7  o'clock. 


9-  All  Steaners  leave  tnm  VeedrMi's  Steaabeat  Jteck,  fiDot  of  BlelilfaB  Aveaae. 
A.  E.  GOOnBICH,  Preg't  T.  O  BUTLIS^  Sup't. 


A^ 


ION  CO. 


8. 


uUfly  for 


laiofOG. 


)  o'clock. 
p.  m. 

and  Ahnepee. 

wtth  all  KallroHd* 

iiesday  and 

ISTKE. 

K  for  LUDING- 


tdajr  and  Friday 
%U>  Portn. 


Staying  at  Home ! 
lil.UO  less  than  by 


[■,  Traveme  City, 
;  lake,  Saginaw, 

Excuntonista  from 
icagto  early  Monday 
OO;  Grand  Baplda, 

"COHONA."  every 
will  not  leave  until 

I,  every  Tuesday  and 


r  ■lehltaa  Aveaae. 
UTLIN,  Sup't. 


I 


PORT  HURON, 


//s  Early  History — Trade  and  Commerce — Business  and  Business 
Men — Advantage  of  Locations-Progress  it  has  Made — Great 
Results  from  Small  Beginnings. 


toE  first  authentic  accounts  of  the  settlement  of  the  country  along  the 
St.  Clair  River  have  of  necessity  been  obtained  by  tradition.  Until 
168(1  there  were  no  settlors  in  the  neighborhood,  but  during  this  year 
a  military  station  was  established  at  the  point  where  Port  Gratiot  is  now 
located.  This  post  was  called  St.  Joseph,  and  was  occupied  until  the  fall  of 
1678,  when  it  was  abandoned.  From  this  time  no  further  settlement  was 
attempted  until  one  hundred  and  lour  years  later.  During  this  time  the 
whole  of  this  country  was  occupied  by  roving  bands  of  Chippewa  Indians 
and  a  few  French  half-breeds.  It  was  their  favorite  camping  ground,  fre- 
quently as  many  as  two  thousand  being  assembled  at  one  time. 

The  earliest  account  of  white  settlers  in  this  neighborhood  dates  back  to 
1790,  when  Anslem  Petct  and  six  other  Frenchmen  with  their  families  settled 
here.  One  Jarvais  built  a  saw-mill  on  what  is  now  known  as  Indian  Creek, 
but  was  then  named  La  Riviere  Jarvais,  and  Black  River  was  called  La 
River  Delude.  During  the  war  of  1812,  in  which  many  tribes  of  the  neigh- 
boring Indians  took  a  prominent  part,  these  early  settlers  were  obliged  to 
leave  their  homes,  but  early  iu  1815  they  they  returned  reinforced  and  re-took 
them. 


,  m  ^ ' — ai,^--iT-ri  — TTi- 


38 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


»    !- 


The  late  Edward  Pctet  was  the  first  white  child  born  in  the  settlement 
This  important  event  took  place  in  a  lo^  hou8e  at  the  foot  of  what  U  now 
Court  street,  on  the  7th  of  February,  1813.  Mr.  Petet  was  a  large  property 
owner  in  Port  Huron  and  vicinity.  He  died  a  short  time  since,  beloved  for 
his  many  social  qualities,  and  respected  by  all  classes  as  an  upright  business 
man  and  gentleman.  His  father,  the  Anslcm  Pctet  before  mentionc<l,  built 
the  first  frame  house  ever  seen  in  these  forest  wilds,  about  nine  years  after  the 
birth  of  young  Edward,  who  could  in  after  yeara  accurately  describe  the  way 
in  which  it  was  built  and  many  of  the  minor  details  connected  with  it. 

In  1819  the  Hon.  Daniel  B.  Harrington  located  h«!re,  and  at  once  became 
a  leading  spirit  in  the  little  community.  Mr.  Harrington,  in  (;onjunction 
with  Judge  White,  purchased  a  considerable  tract  of  land  and  laid  out  the 
first  village  lots. 

The  township  of  Desmond  was  organized  in  1H26,  and  the  first  eit^ction  of 
oflicers  was  held  at  Fort  Oratoit  on  May  (ith,  of  the  same  year.  A  part  of  the 
present  city  south  of  Black  River,  was  platted  and  offered  for  sale  in  ISJtt  by 
D.  B.  Harrington,  Ed.  Petit  and  Mr.  White.  This  village  was  called  Peru. 
Two  years  later,  Major  John  Thorn  platted  apiece  on  the  north  side  and 
called  it  Paris.  But  the  name  of  Port  Huron  was  first  given  the  village  by 
Mr.  Harrington  ;  it  was  at  first  strongly  opposed,  but  eventually  became  the 
recognized  name  of  the  village. 

Port  Huron  remained  a  village  for  over  twenty  years,  but  in  1857  a  city 
charter  was  granted,  and  William  L.  Bancroft  was  elected  the  first  mayor. 
The  records  of  the  village  government  are  very  incomplete,  and  the  informa- 
tion obtainable  respecting  changes  and  improvements  during  the  time  is  for 
the  most  part  unreliable.  As  near  as  can  be  ascertained  the  villages  l)ecame 
a  corporation  in  1843  or  '43.  In  1838  a  military  road  was  cut  through  from 
the  Fort  to  Detroit,  which  con.Hiderably  assisted  the  town  of  Desmond,  and 
was  a  main  feature  in  assisting  Port  Huron  to  become  an  incorporated 
village. 

The  first  hotel  of  which  the  village  could  boast  was  built  by  Louis  Facer 
in  1827  ;  it  was  a  log  cabin  of  rude  construction,  and  occupied  a  site  on 
Quay  street,  near  the  Black  River.  Soon  after  this  a  bridge  was  built  con- 
necting the  northern  and  southern  sections  of  the  village. 

Many  important  branches  of  business  have  for  many  years  been  carried  on 
in  Port  Huron.  Those  perhaps  which  in  past  years  more  materially  aided  in 
building  it  up  were  ship  building  and  the  cutting  of  lumber  ;  but  of  late 
years,  owing  to  the  latter  industry  being  removed  nearer  the  lumber  supply, 
and  the  general  stagnation  in  marine  matters  combined,  have  led  to  a  more 
careful  and  general  prosecution  of  agriculture,  and  at  the  present  time  but 
few  portions  of  Michigan  can  boast  such  a  number  of  valuable,  well-culti- 
vated farms,  or  a  more  prosperous  and  contented  agricultural  community. 


1  the  Bettlement. 

of  what  is  now 
a  lartfc  property 
inci',  bdovcd  for 

uprii^ht  business 

mentioned,  built 
ine  years  after  the 

describe  the  way 
ted  with  it. 
1  at  once  became 
n,  in  conjunction 

and  laid  out  the 

he  first  election  of 
ar.  A  part  of  the 
for  sale  in  1885  by 
e  was  called  Peru, 
le  norlh  side  and 
ven  the  village  by 
itually  became  the 

but  in  1857  a  city 
■u  the  first  mayor. 
s,  and  the  informa- 
ing  the  time  is  for 
;he  villages  became 
cut  through  from 
of  Desmond,  and 
le  an  incorporated 

uilt  by  Louis  Facer 
occupied  a  site  on 
dge  was  built  con- 

3ar8  been  carried  on 
I  materially  aided  in 
lumber  ;  but  of  late 
the  lumber  supply, 
have  led  to  a  more 
the  present  time  but 
valuable,  well-cultl- 
lultural  community. 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


i9 


The  Port  Huron  &  Lake  Allchlgnn  Railroad,  completed  to  Flint  in  Decem- 
ber, 1871.  and  since  curried  througli  to  Lansing,  and  the  (}rand  Tninlt  Rail- 
road of  Canada,  give  eniploynieut  to  several  luindred  men  the  year  round. 
Several  Dtlier  industries  are  also  inactive  operation  and  employ  a  large  per 
ccntage  of  the  population.  The  marine  Interests  of  the  city  arc  very  large, 
most  of  the  principal  vessels  and  tugs  navigating  the  upper  lakes  being ownec\ 
here,  and  many  captains  and  sailors  reside  here,  ^he  lity  is  divided  into 
four  wards,  the  first  and  third  lying  nortli  of  HIack  River,  and  the  .sec(md  and 
fourth  embracing  the  territory  along  the  .southern  bank  of  the  stream. 

Under  the  city  charter  the  government  consists  of  a  mayor,  clerk,  treasurer 
and  street  commissioner,  elected  annually  on  the  first  .Monday  in  April,  on  a 
general  ticket;  a  recorder,  elected  once  in  three  years;  four  justices  of  the 
peace,  holding  office  for  four  years  and  electerl  one  each  year;  and  eight  al- 
dermen, holding  office  for  two  years,  one  l)eing  elected  for  each  waril, 
every  year.  The  Common  Council  also  elects  yearly  a  city  marshal  and  a 
deputy,  a  city  attorney,  and  such  other  officers  and  assistants  as  may  l)e  re- 
quired. The  Hoard  of  Education  consists  of  eight  members,  two  for  each 
ward,  holding  office  for  f<Hir  years.  Kvery  tliree  years  a  city  assessor  is 
elected,  who  is  ex-offleio  a  menilier  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors.  One  super- 
visor is  ele(;te(l  each  year  from  each  ward.  The  mayor  yearly  appoints  one 
member  of  the  Board  of  Pul)li<!  Works,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  C'oun- 
cil.  The  Board  of  Public  Works  consists  of  four  members,  one  from  each 
ward,  holding  olfice  for  four  years,  and  having  general  charge  and  manage- 
ment of  all  public  works  in  the  city. 

The  prin(;ipal  public  liuildings  and  works  in  tlie  city  are,  two  school  Imild- 
ings  on  the  south  side  of  Black  River,  the  city  hall  and  coimty  court  house 
in  the  thirti  ward,  the  engine  house  on  Water  street,  and  the  new  water 
works  building  ;  Pine  drove  Park  and  the  City  cemetery  in  tim  thiril  ward. 
The  city  also  owns  a  (.'lapp  &  Jones  steam  fire  engine,  hose  and  carts,  hook 
and  ladder  wagon,  a  hand  fire  engine,  and  other  equipments.  The  city  gas 
works  and  the  Port  Huron  and  Port  Oratoit  street  railwaj'  are  owned  by  pri- 
vate companies. 

By  the  State  census  of  18IJ4  the  population  of  Port  Huron  was  4,025,  but  at 
the  present  it  is  estinuited  that  it  amounts  to  at  least  8,000.  Port  Huron 
is  the  county  seat  of  St.  Clair  County,  and  is  located  a  little  below  where  the 
lake  empties  itself  into  the  St.  Clair  River.  It  is  sixty-two  miles  northeast  of 
Detroit,  and  by  a  direct  line  about  one  hundred  and  ten  miles  east  of  Lans- 
ing. Directly  opposite  on  the  Canadian  side  is  Port  Sarnia,  a  town  of  about 
2,500  inhabitants,  and  which  is  connected  with  Port  Huron  by  admirable 
ferry  accommodation.  The  Grand  Trunk  Railwii,\  ;ipi>roa<'hes  the  city  no 
nearer  than  Fort  Gratiot,  but  the  Port  Huron  and  Lake  Michigan  Railroad 
runs  directly  into  it.  With  the  .Vmerican  antl  (Canadian  railroatls  Port  Huron 
has  direct  communication  with  all  parts  of  the  continent. 


miFmtM»/tg^jjglfl0f 


iiiiiiii'iiiiiM 


mtm 


mmmmmmmmmmmsm 


0r'^-vr- 


i 


I 


40 


THK    LAKE   PORTS. 


Black  Kivor,  which  taken  its  riHc  in  the  pine  wootlx  n(  Hanilac  nn«l  I^apeer 
counties,  llnwHinto  the  Bt.  Clair  Kivor  at  Port  Huron,  and  practically  diiriden 
the  city  into  two  parts.  It  U  employe*!  for  the  HoatiuKdown  lar^e  quantities 
of  loffH,  a  Ki^'ater  part  of  which  are  manufactured  into  lumlier  at  Port 
Huron.  The  river  within  the  city  limitH  is  crosHed  by  two  elegant  iron 
bridge!*,  costing  a  large  Hum  of  money  each.  Two  large  dry  dockn  and 
several  Hhipyardn  are  loca^d  here.  There  are  fifteen  hotclf)  in  the  city,  the 
Urincipai  one  being  the  Huron  IIouhc.  There  are  two  ably  (conducted  papers, 
the  Times,  daily  and  weekly,  and  the  Oommemial,  semi-weekly. 

The  naturally  beautiful  location  of  Port  Huron,  just  below  the  rapids  on 
the  Bt.  Glair  HIver,  its  jiosilion  on  an  elevated  terrace  overlooking  a  vast 
extent  of  country,  its  salubrious  atmosphere  and  iK'autiful  rural  surroundings, 
makes  it  one  of  the  most  attractive  spots  in  Michigan.  A  perusal  of  the  fol- 
lowing ])ages  will  readily  convince  the  most  skeptical  that  it  promises  shortly 
to  become  not  only  a  favorite  place  of  residence,  but  one  of  the  leading  manu- 
facturing points  of  the  Northwest. 

Port  Huron,  as  compared  with  other  western  cities,  affords  imusual 
advantages  to  capitalists,  manufactun-rs,  and  others  desirous  of  extending 
their  operations  or  seeking  new  lields  of  enterprise.  The  Black  River  and 
Pine  River,  which  have  their  rise  in  th«'  great  pine  regions  of  Northern 
Michigan,  empty  themselves  into  the  Bt.  Clair  through  this  city,  and  annually 
float  down  many  million  feet  of  logs,  which  are  manufactured  into  lumber 
for  home  and  eastern  markets.  These,  with  several  smaller  streams  In  the 
vicinity,  offer  most  eligible  sit(!s  for  the  building  and  operating,  at  a  small 
cost,  woolen  mills,  chair  factories,  paper  mills  and  various  other  industries. 
Possessing  a  large  extent  of  river  front,  exceptionabiy  adapted  to  manufac- 
turing purpo.scH  and  contiguous  to  the  northwestern  terminus  of  the  Orand 
Trunk  Railroad,  and  the  recently  constructed  extension  of  Chicago  &  Lake 
Huron  Railroad,  the  facilities  for  shipping  to  any  part  of  the  continent, 
either  by  boat  or  rail,  are  at  this  point  unequaled  by  anj'  western  port. 

Hitherto  the  principal  iron  mauufacturcrs  of  the  United  States  liave  been 
devoted  to  the  anthracite  regions  of  the  country.  But  that  these  industries 
can  be  as  advantageously  prosecuted  in  closer  proximity  to  the  mineral 
deposits  of  the  northern  peninsula  has  already  I>een  demonstrated.  Indeed, 
there  can  be  no  rea-son  whv  blast  furnaces,  steam  forges,  steel  works  and 
other  iron  manufacturing  inten^sts  should  not  be  as  successfully  operated  In 
Port  Huron,  Michigan,  as  in  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania.  In  the  former  ca.se, 
it  is  true,  the  greater  part  of  the  coal  nei^ded  in  its  manufacture  would  have 
to  brought  from  the  fields  of  Pennsylvania;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  the  ore 
has  to  be  tntnsported ,  in  its  native  state,  at  a  great  expense,  to  those  cities 
which  now  control  this  manufacture.  That  the  many  advantages  this  neigh- 
borhood possesses  should  so  long  have  been  overlooked  is  astonishing  ;  with 
the  most  expeditious  means  of  transportation  the  United  States  affords,  with 


x^ti 


ilac  nnd  Ijapoer 
neticsUy  cit^iden 

iHr^tt  quantities 
luinlicr  at  Port 
wo  ttlc^ant  iron 

dry  dnclci*  and 
n  the  city,  the 
inducted  pnperB, 

w  the  rapids  on 
cirlooking  a  vaflt 
nl  HurrouudingM, 
ruHal  of  the  fol- 
proiniiteM  shortly 
le  lea(linj(  manu- 

nffordt)  unusual 
>us  nf  extending 
ItlHcli  Kivor  and 
ons  of  Northern 
ity,  and  annually 
ired  into  lumber 
!r  streams  in  the 
ating,  at  a  small 
other  industries. 
|ited  to  manufac- 
nus  of  the  Grand 
Chicago  &  Lake 
of  the  c(mtinent, 
stern  port. 

States  have  been 
t  these  industries 
y  to  the  mineral 
strated.     Indeed, 

steel  works  and 
fully  operated  in 

the  former  case, 
;ture  would  have 
ler  hand,  the  ore 
se,  to  those  cities 
ntaj^es  this  neigh- 
istonishing ;  with 
ites  affords,  with 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


41 


dose  and  rontinuous  connertion,  Iwth  by  boat  and  rail,  to  all  the  principal 
cities  of  this  country  and  Canada,  surrounded  with  plenty  of  the  best  timlier 
that  the  country  priMlucos,  and  which  can  be  bought,  manufactured  and  shipped 
to  any  point  at  much  less  cost  than  it  could  be  in  eastern  cities,  with  the  thous- 
ands of  tons  of  iron,  cop|>er  and  silver  ore  that  are  prcnluccd  annually  in  the 
State,  and  which  could  be  smelted  and  manufactured  here  as  cheaply  ns  at 
any  olher  point,  yet  in  the  face  of  these  indisputable  facts  there  are  no  great 
manufacturing  interests  represented  in  this  city.  Why  should  our  farmers 
bo  compelled  to  use  harvesters,  reapers,  mowers  and  other  agricultund  imple- 
ments of  eastern  manufacture,  purchasc<l  through  agents  at  c.xhorbitant 
prices,  when  the  very  elements  o>it  of  which  they  arc  made  are  first  produced 
from  Michigan  soil?  Why  should  the  millions  of  timber  annually  felled  in 
this  State  be  manufactured  into  lumber  with  eastern  machinery,  when  the 
Tory  components  out  of  which  man's  ingenuity  has  manufactured  the  circular 
saw,  the  planer,  and  the  edger,  exist  in  rich  abundance  under  their  very 
hearthstones? 

Aside  from  all  these  conclusive  reasons  for  making  Port  Huron  a  great 
manufacturing  center,  it  possesses  geographical  features  of  undeniable  advan- 
tage as  a  place  of  residence.  Located  on  one  of  the  most  beautiful  rivers  in 
the  world,  surrounded  by  a  rich  an<I  thickly  settled  agricultural  country,  and 
enjoying  all  the  pleasures  of  a  delightful  watering  place,  the  existence  of  a 
more  healthy  and  delightful  locality  can  scarcely  be  imagined.  The  local 
government,  taking  pride  in  all  that  adds  to  the  (umifort  and  coavenieee  of  its 
citizens,  have  from  time  to  lime  made  numerous  extensive  improvements. 

Broad,  well-made  streets  and  side-walks,  and  lighted  l)y  gas,  a  most  com- 
plete system  of  water-works,  having  mains  running  to  ail  parts  of  the  city,  an 
efficient  fire  department,  two  excellent  lines  of  street  railways,  superior  ferry 
accommodation  to  Sarnia,  Ontario,  handsome  brick  school  buildings,  under 
the  control  of  a  board  of  education  and  officered  by  efficient  teachers,  costly 
churches,  a  handsome  new  opera  house,  city  hall,  custom  house  and  post  office, 
are  some  of  the  public  improvements  and  institutions  that  adorn  the  city.  Large, 
handsome  and  convenient  brick  blocks,  occupied  by  prosperous  and  wealthy 
business  men,  line  the  principal  thoroughfares,  and  broad  streets  and  avenues, 
studded  with  handsome  residences,  surrounded  !>}'  well-kept  gardens  and  lined 
with  stately  shade  trees  that  shelter  the  pedestrian  from  the  scorching  sun  of 
summer,  while  the  cool  breezes  from  the  broad  space  of  Huron's  blue  waters 
murmur  lovingly  among  their  branches,  lends  a  charm  to  the  suburban 
retreats  of  this  delightful  city,  that  to  be  appreciated  must  lie  enjoyed. 

For  the  benefit  of  those  who  live  at  a  distance  and  who  cannot  personally 
investigate  the  numerous  advantages,  commercial,  social  and  otherwise  which 
this  article  has  endeavored  to  depict,  we  add  the  names  of  a  few  of  the  most 
prominent  and  wealthy  citizens  and  oldest  inhabitants  of  this  city,  who  will 
be  pleased  to  answer  any  enquiries  respecting  building  sites,  etc.,  that  those 


\ 


•^r— ^ 


4» 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


(IcRirniiH  of  Inditing  in  tliis  (;ity  may  dcHiro  to  lutk:  Mayor  Uoycn,  tlon. 
D.  B.  Harrington,  lianiter;  TriiHtecM  Hanliorn  FiMlal(\  McNNnt.  Howard  «&  Sun, 
lumber  n>orc!liuntH,  Edgar  White,  Eh(|.,  O'Brien  J.  Atkinson,  Kn(|.,  William 
Stewart,  FiH({.,and  John  JolinHon,  Eh(|. ,  hanker,  either  of  whom  will  promptly 
uuHwer  any  communicationH  addretiHed  to  them.  . 

HURON  HOUSE, 

I'OKT  HURON,    .MlCn. 

This  hamkomo  and  rommodiouH  hotel  occu|)ie»  a  prominent  position  on 
Huron  avenue,  and  few  wentern  houseH  can  lioast  mo  handHomo  an  exterior, 
and  the  proHcnt  owner  and  proprietor,  Mr.  W.  Amki*,  has  used  every  meann 
in  hlH  power  to  render  the  internal  arrangemcjntu  equal  to  tliow"  of  any  hotel 
in  the  went,  and  hi^  praiseworthy  efforts  h^Tve  not  been  in  vain,  for  a  more  com- 
fortable IkmI  than  Ih  furnished  to  the  weary  traveler  eannot  Ik;  desired;  and 
the  most  epicurean  taste  must  perforce  admit  that  the  tattles  are  spread  right 
royally  with  the  best  of  fare  the  markets  alTord.  The  olflee  and  public  sit- 
ting room,  a  large,  light  and  airy  apartment,  occupies  the  front  of  the  first 
floor  ;  next  follows  the  bar,  which  is  plentifully  slocked  with  the  best  and 
most  popular  wines  and  iicpiors  ;  adjoining  this  is  the  billiard  room,  si.xty- 
eight  feet  long  by  twenty  feet  wide,  in  which  are  five  first-class  tables  and 
furniture  manufactured  by  8(;hulnnburg  of  Detroit.  The  second  floor  is  «k3- 
cupied  by  the  parlors  and  best  Ited-rooms,  and  these  apartments  are!  furnished 
with  a  degree  of  luxury  and  elegance;  that  is  rarely  to  be,  m»'t  witli  outside 
our  larger  cities.  This  popular  hotel  was  rebuilt  of  red  brick,  tinislied  in 
stone,  the  upper  stories  being  supported  by  handsomely  fluted  iron  pillars, 
surmounted  by  massive  capitals  of  elegant  <lesign.  It  contains  a  large 
number  of  rooms  furnished  in  the  most  magnifl(;ent  manner.  Few 
cities  in  Mi(!higan  can  boast  a  better  appointed  hotel  in  every  respect 
than  the  Huron  House,  or  one  affording  better  convenience  to  the  traveling 
public.  Two  lines  of  street  cars  pass  the  house  several  times  a  day  connecting 
with  the  Grand  Trunk  Kail  way  at  Fort  Oratiot,  anil  the  Chicago  &  Lake  Huron 
Railroad,  and  the  ferry  communication  between  Barniu,  Ont.,  and  Port 
Huron  is  within  five  minutes  walk  of  the  hotel.  As  a  summer  resort  Port 
Huron  is  deservedly  popular.  The  cool  and  refreshing  breezes  thjit  constant- 
ly blow  off  Lake  Huron,  together  with  the  admirable  facilities  afforded  for 
Ashing  and  boating  on  the  beautiful  St.  Clair  River,  makes  it  the  rendezvous 
of  numerous  tourists.  And  now  that  the  Huron  House  has  obtained  so  much 
popularity  through  the  skill  and  perseverance  of  its  worthy  proprietor,  there 
is  little  doubt  that  this  charming  neighborhood  will  before  long  become  a 
popular  summer  resort. 


>(i 


mrni^- 


Uoyeo,  Hon. 
lowiird  &  Hon, 
Ksq..  William 
I  will  pniniptly 


nit  positinn  on 
no  iin  exterior, 
((I  every  mennn 
we  of  liny  hotel 
for  II  more  i.'om- 
>e  desired;  iind 
iro  Hpreiid  right 
und  public  8it- 
•ont  of  the  first 
til  the  liest  iind 
rd  mom,  HJxty- 
rliiMH  tuhleH  nnd 
lond  Hot)r  in  oc- 
tsiiro  furnished 
et  with  outHide 
ick,  ttnislied  in 
ed  inm  pillars, 
ontainM  u  large 
manner.  Fow 
I  every  respect 
to  the  traveling 
i  day  connecting 
ui&  Lake  Huron 
Ont.,  and  Port 
ner  resort  Port 
?s  thjkt  constant- 
ies  afforded  for 
the  rendezvous 
>tuine(l  .so  much 
troprietor,  there 
long  become  a 


THE    I.AKK    PORTS. 


43 


WM.  STEWART  &  CO. 

WIIOI.KHAI.K     ANIt    KKTAII.     irAHDWAKK    MKItC'IIANTM. 

In  the  year  1840.  wlien  most  of  the  businesH  interests  of  Michigan  west  of 
Detroit  were  in  their  infancy,  ami  laying  the  fountlatlon  of  the  vast  nutuu- 
facturing  and  commercial  industries  that  now  add  Itrilliancy  to  the  annals  of 
the  Peninsular  State,  Wm.  Stkwakt  embarked  in  the  hardware  business  In 
partnership  with  David  Mc(;all.  Although  the  firm  possessed  none  of  the 
gigantic  proportions  at  its  start  that  a<lorii  it  to-day  It  was  the  (miy  one  of  its 
kind  In  the  county  and  c<insei(ueiitly  (enjoyed  not  only  a  large  Inland  trade 
but  derived  a  large  share  of  Its  support  from  the  vessels  that  navigated  the  81. 
Clair  llivtir  on  their  pas.sage  to  the  various  linke  Hunin  and  Superior  jiorls. 
The  premises  flrst  oecu|)ied  by  tlii!  tlrm  was  a  frame  building  on  Military 
Htreet.  The  partnership  formed  with  Mr.  .Mc(.'all  was  destined  to  bt'  of  short 
duration,  terminating  at  the  end  of  one  year,  when  Mr.  Stiowaiit  purchased 
a  part  of  the  Tontine  building  and  conducted  lAs  business  alone  for  the  suc- 
ceeding four  years.  From  this,  as  his  business  increased,  necessitating  more 
convenient  premlws,  he  removed  to  the  corner  of  Water  street,  purchasing 
the  Hatton  property,  where  two  years  later  Mr.  John  .Miller  iK-canie  asso- 
ciated with  him  In  the  business.  Tltis  partnership,  like  the  former,  con- 
tinued but  one  year.  From  this  time  until  18<U  Mr.  Hthwakt  contlnue<l  the 
sole  proprietor,  and  und(>r  his  skilful  management  it  rapidly  increased  in  ex- 
tent and  popularity  until  still  more  extensive  ])rero!ses  became  an  absolute 
necessity.  Recognizing  this  fact,  he  pun^hased  the  valuable  property  ou  the 
north  side  of  Military  street,  west  of  Water  street,  and  built  the  handsome 
red  brick  stores  now  occupied  by  the  pn^sent  flrni.  Four  years  after  he  took 
possession  of  his  new  ston;s,  Messrs.  P.  B.  Sanhorm  and  Ezka  C  Cakltok, 
both  gentlemen  possessing  an  enviable  reputation  as  thoroughly  reliable  and 
trustworthy  business  men,  l>ecume  associated  with  him  as  partners.  By 
the  united  energy  of  the.se  gentlemen  this  nianimoth  hou.se  has  extended  its 
trade  throughout  the  greater  part  of  Eastern  Michigan,  and  to  the  indomita 
ble  pluck  of  this  house  may  be  attributtid  the  origin  and  rapid  growth  of  the 
wholesale  trade  of  Port  Huron.  Mr.  Stkwart'h  business  career  has  few 
parallels  in  the  annals  of  commercial  success.  Commencing  in  a  new  coun- 
try, with  a  small  capital,  and  contending  with  unflinching  energy  and  will 
with  all  the  mercantile  disasters  that  invaded  the  rising  merchant  of  those 
early  days  he  succeeded  not  only  In  surmounting  all  obstacles,  but  did  so 
without  compromising  his  commercial  honor  or  failing  to  meet  any  obliga- 
tion. Enjoying  a  handsome  competency,  the  fruits  of  his  unceasing  labor' 
and  careful  management,  he  has  retired  from  active  co-operation  in  the  pros- 
perous business  he  established  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  But 
the  acknowledged    integrity  and  ability  of   the  active    partners,  Messrs. 


it«M0t»      ^\. 


8BI  It- 


':»     1 


44 


THB   LAKE   PORTS. 


Haniiohn  &  Cahi.ton,  ar«  (tutWch'ut  (fuarnnUtuH  that  Iho  princely  himiw  of  Han- 
itoHN,  ('aki.ton  &  Co.  will  continuii  to  lioltl  itN  nwii  anil  niitrit  IntTcaiwd 
putronnge. 


STEWART  Hardware  House. 


William  8t«iia»t,  I 
Hpouiai.  f 


Pmm  B.  BAmmM),   )  General 
KiaA  C.  C'AaivroN,     t  I'srtnera. 


SANBORN.  CARLTON  &  CO.. 

SHIP  CHANDLERS  AND  HARDWARE  MERCHANTS, 

IRON,  NAILB,  8TOVK8, 

Plumbers  and  Steam  Fitters, 

TIN  AND  COPPER  WORKS. 
Strwart  Block.  8  &  10  Mimtahy  St.,  PORT  HURON,  MICH. 


HULL  &  BOYCE,  GENERAL  HARDWARE. 

This  •well  known  house  is  one  of  the  most  reliable  and  oldest  establish- 
ments devoted  to  this  trade  west  of  Detroit.  It  was  first  started  by  the  senior 
partner  in  1850.  The  present  firm  has  existwi  since  1870  ;  increasing  with  the 
growth  of  the  (jountry,  it  has  extended  its  trade  tliroughout  the  greater  portion 
of  Northern  Michigan.  Port  Huron  being  the  chief  mart  for  the  surround- 
.  Ing  agriciilturai  districts,  as  well  as  an  important  lake  port,  affords  peculiar 
advantages  for  the  successful  operation  of  this  branch  of  commerce.  This 
house  handles  large  quantities  of  heavy  hardware,  builders'  materials,  agri- 
cultural implements,  marine  hardware,  mechanics'  tools,  cutlery,  stoves,  etc., 
and  their  extensive  stock  is  one  of  the  most  complete  and  carefully  selected  in 
the  state.  Mr.  Hull,  who  has  always  been  actively  prominent  in  all  that 
pertains  to  the  welfare  and  advancement  of  the  city,  was  elected  to  the  office 
of  city  treasurer  for  the  years  1869-70,  and  Mr.  Boyck  was  elected  to  the 
mayorality  in  1870,  and  now  occupies  the  same  honorable  position.  These 
gentlemen  are  deservedly  esteemed  as  leading  spirits  in  all  things  pertaining 
to  the  public  weal ;  and  as  merchants  their  characters  for  integrity  and  fair 
dealing  is  unsullied. 


HULL   &   BOYCE, 

Dealers  In 

HARDWARE,  STOVES,  FARMING  IMPLEMENTS,  &c. 
MiLiTAEY  Street,  Port  Huron,  Mich. 


k 


m»anj.iiii1li)lili«iiiitiniiiriiii  III  1" 


i^HWMiiiiia 


ly  hoHMuif  Han- 
niitrit  incri'iiiiod 


JSE. 

lkbom),   )  OenenU 
U.TUN,     t  I'srtnen. 

K 

RCHANTS, 


JHON,  MICH. 


RE. 

I  oldeM  establish- 
rted  by  the  senior 
creasing  with  the 
le  greater  portion 
for  the  Hurround- 
,  aflords  peculiar 
commerce.  This 
!«'  materials,  agri- 
llery,  stoves,  etc., 
ref  ully  selected  in 
ninent  in  all  that 
ectod  to  the  office 
as  elected  to  the 
:  position.  These 
things  pertaining 
integrity  and  fair 


SMENTS,  &c. 

H. 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


45 


JOHN  R.  TAYLOR'S 

lIAKnWARK    IIOIISK,    1U!H"N    AVKNi;K,    ,  :ORT   IIUHON. 

Five  years  ago  Mr.  TayloH  «tartetl  biistiu>it>  in  Port  Huron,  in  a  store  on 
Military  street,  but  ns  his  tratli  Icveloped  it  bcciime  necessary  for  him  to 
obtain  more  convenient  (inarters,  which  he  did  on  Will,  t  street,  occupying  a 
large  un<l  convenient  store  in  the  Miaini  llUnk.  Hince  his  tirst  rommence- 
ment  hu  has  Iteen  a  prosperous  m«>rehant.  and  yearly  udditlons  to  the  various 
lines  of  gruxN  he  carries  indicate  that  lie  has  ulwuyM  been  up  to  the  times. 
H«>nie  months  since  he  sulTered  s«!verely  t.->ni  a  heavy  tire  wliidi  devasted  the 
Miami  Hlo<;k  and  destroyeil  the  greater  part  of  his  valuable  sto<-k.  But  noth- 
ing (btunte<i,  he  at  <»nco  restocked  with  everylldng  needed  either  by  the 
farmer  or  the  ship-owner  in  the  way  of  haniware,  and  may  now  be  found 
doing  a  steady  l»ut  prorttal)ie  business  at  2«  Huron  avenue.  Mr.  Taylor  is  a 
native  of  Now  Ycjrk  State,  his  father  being  for  sevcirai  terms  mayor  of 
Albany,  New  York.  He  was  for  many  years  in  the  brewery  business  and  the 
original  manufacturer  of  the  celebrated  Albany  ale. 

Mr.  J.  U.  Taylor  is  a  thoroughly  practical  num  in  his  business,  having  been 
Identilied  with  it  from  boyhood,  and  tho.-ic  needing  anything  in  his  line  will 
be  sure  to  get  a  good  article  at  reasonable  figures.  Mr.  Taylor  Is  an  active 
member  of  the  Port  Huron  Guards,  and  for  some  time  occupied  the  position 
of  captain  of  this  well  disciplined  company. 


John  R.  "Payl_.or 


WHOUtBAUC  A>n>  KKLAIU  DBAUM  IN 


HARDW.\RE, 


AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS, 


steam   and   Copper    W^ork, 


MARINE   AND    SHIP    CHANDLERY, 


26  Huron  Avenue,  Port  Huron,  Mieh. 


^iSiSSStsSfSSiSiSKS'KSjif?^?'!^^^ 


} 


^-    ^ 


46 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


S.  L.  BALLENTINE. 

MerchantH  emhnrking  in  business  in  a  new  country  arc  almost  certain  of 
success,  if  tlie  enterprise  engaged  in  is  one  of  continued  supply  and  demand, 
and  lilie  the  grocery  and  provision  business,  the  boot  and  shoe  and  dry  goods 
trade,  is  one  in  which  the  demand  never  ceases.  Ten  years  ago  Mr.  8.  L. 
Ballbntinb  commenced  business  in  conjunction  with  his  brother  the  late 
D.  B:tllentine,  in  the  red  l)rick  store  at  the  souiawest  corner  of  Quay  street 
and  Huron  avenue.  From  early  boyhood  he  had  been  employed  on  the  same 
premises  as  cl<!rlc  until,  in  the  latter  part  of  1865,  he  was  admitted  to  partner- 
ship with  his  former  employers,  Messrs.  C.  P.  Noyes  &  Co.  About  a  year 
after  that  this  tlrm  dissolved,  and,  as  has  been  before  stated,  the  Ballentinc 
Brothers  succeeded  to  the  business.  By  strict  application  and  careful  invest- 
ments they  rapidly  succeeded  in  commanding  not  only  a  large  retail  trade, 
but  a  very  cxtensvic  wholesale  business.  Three  years  ago,  after  the  Are 
which  destroyed  the  premises  on  the  southeast  corner  of  Huron  avenue  and 
Quay  street,  Mr.  Ballentine  built  three  handsome  red  brick  stores,  having  a 
frontage  of  over  one  hundred  and  twenty  feet,  three  stories  high  and  base- 
ment. This  block  is  one  of  the  handsomest  in  the  city.  The  stores,  two  of 
which  are  occiipied  by  Mr.  B.,  are  large  and  superbly  fitted  up  with  every 
modern  improvement,  and  the  exterior  constructed  of  red  brick  with  stone 
facings,  supported  by  massive  iron  columns  of  elaborate  designs,  large  plate 
glass  windows  of  unusual  si/e  and  thickness,  gives  a  commanding  appearance 
to  the  entire  building.  The  upper  floors  arc  handsomely  finished  in  stained 
pine,  are  large  and  well  heated  and  ventilated,  and  are  occupied  as  ofBces. 
The  entire  block  is  heated  by  steam.  Occupying  a  prominent  position  in  the 
center  of  the  city,  these  stores  add  materially  to  its  beauty  and  importance. 
The  cost  of  the  block  was  $30,000,  and  the  citizens  may  be  justly  proud  of  a 
man  who  contributes  so  largely  in  building  up  the  commercial  interests  of  their 
city.  Mr.  Ballentine  carries  a  large  and  carefully  selected  stock  of  dry  goods 
and  boots  and  shoes,  and  vessel  men,  when  stopping  at  this  port,  will  do  well 
to  pay  him  a  visit. 


S.    L.    BALLENTINE, 

Wholesale  and  Retai!  Dealer  in 

DRY  GOODS,  BOOTS  &  SHOES,  HATS  &  CAPS, 

TEAS  A  SPECIALTY. 
Ballbntinb'8  Block,  Hubon  Atb.  and  Quay  St.,  Pobt  Huroh,  Mioh. 


^ 


TO  almost  certain  of 
<uppl;  and  demand, 
shoe  and  dry  goods 
rears  ago  Mr.  8.  L. 
his  brother  the  late 
rner  of  Quay  street 
nployed  on  the  same 
admitted  to  partner- 
i  Co.  About  a  year 
itated,  the  Ballentino 
n  and  careful  invest- 
a  large  retail  trade, 
•8  ago,  after  the  fire 

■  Huron  avenue  and 
irick  stores,  having  a 
ories  high  and  base- 

The  stores,  two  of 
fitted  up  with  every 
red  brick  with  stone 
)  designs,  large  plate 
imanding  appearance 
y  finished  in  stained 
3  occupied  as  olBces. 
nincnt  position  in  the 
auty  and  importance. 

■  be  justly  proud  of  a 
srcial  interests  of  their 
ted  stock  of  dry  goods 
this  port,  will  do  well 


E. 

[ATS  &  CAPS, 

Port  Huroh,  Mich. 


THE    LAKE   PORTS. 


4' 


MOFFAT  &  SON'S  TUG  LINE. 

Thirty-flve  years  ago  Port  Huron  was  of  such  little  importance  that  the 
"Tug"  business  w«.s  a  scarcely  recognized  interest,  but  with  tlic  growth  and 
settlement  of  the  country  in  th<!  Lake  Superior  regions,  and  the  development 
of  its  mineral  resources,  this  port  rose  rapidly  in  all  branches  of  maritime 
commerce.  In  1804  the  lake  traffic  had  increased  to  an  enormous  extent,  and 
every  available  craft  was  l)U8iIy  employed.  At  this  time  Mr.  Jab.  Mofkat, 
the  founder  and  owner  of  the  ferry  line  between  this  port  and  Sarnia, 
Ont.,  embarked  in  the  tugging  business,  in  conjunction  with  Mr.  £lliott 
Brockway  and  Mr.  John  S.  Botsford,  and  built  the  "Kate  Moffat,"  a  trim 
boat  of  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  tons  burthen  ;  for  three  years  this  boat 
was  busily  engaged  in  towing  vessels  and  rafts  between  lakes  Huron  and 
Erie,  under  the  command  of  Mr.  Moffat.  This  venture  proving  a  source  of 
considerable  emolument  to  the  owners,  they  difided  to  add  another  l)oat  to 
their  line,  and  in  the  spring  of  1867  the  "  Geo.  B  ockway  "  was  launched.  In 
1870,  owing  to  increased  demand,  the  tug  "Irank  Moffal"  was  built  and 
placed  in  commission;  and  in  1878  the  "Mocking  Bird,"  pronounced  by 
sailing  men  to  be  the  best  and  fastest  tug  on  the  lakes,  was  added  to  the  line. 
Mr.  Jas.  Moffat,  the  principal  owner  and  controller  of  this  renowned  tug  line, 
has  always  made  it  his  aim  to  perform  his  duty  to  his  employers  to  the  letter, 
often  disadvantageously  to  himself,  and  Ibis,  with  the  known  superiority  of 
his  boats,  has  secured  to  him  hosts  of  friends  and  an  extensive  patronage. 
During  the  past  three  years  the  fearful  depression  In  all  kinds  of  business, 
especially  the  shipping  interests,  has  compelled  many  tug  owners  to  lay  up 
their  boats  before  the  season  was  half  over,  and  in  many  instances  they  were 
not  fitted  out  at  all,  but  these  boats,  during  the  dullest  times,  were  always  out 
and  employed.  Vessel  owners  and  masters  will  do  well  to  secure  the  services 
of  these  admirable  boats,  in  their  passage  between  Lake  Huron  and  Lake  Eric. 
The  forwarding  and  commission  business  in  all  our  principal  lake  ports 
forms  a  large  feature  in  the  make  up  of  their  business  success,  and  the  well 
known  firm  of  Moffat  &  Co.,  of  this  city,  bears  out  the  assertion.  This 
business  was  started  about  seven  years  ago  by  Mr.  A.  N.  Moffat,  son  of  the 
pioneer  ferry  owner,  Mr.  James  Moffat.  Like  all  other  new  enterprises  in  a 
rising  neighborhood,  only  a  small  capital  was  invested  at  the  outset,  but  as 
the  liberal  terms  and  superior  advantages  offered  to  consignors  and  shippers 
became  more  widely  known,  increased  capital  and  improved  facilities  for 
warehousing,  shipping,  etc.,  were  added  until  to-day  this  house  is  one  of  the 
largest  representative  establishments  in  the  business  north  of  Detroit.  Their 
offices,  warehouses  and  dock  are  conveniently  located  at  the  foot  of  Sarnia 
Street,  Port  Huron.  In  addition  to,  and  in  connection  with  the  above  busi- 
ness this  firm  are  agents  for  the  principal  lake  and  river  steamers,  the  "North- 
ern Transit  Company,"   "Ward's  Lake  Superior  Line,"   and  the  "Star 


mmm 


tfl^^ 


h' 


48 


THE  LAKE   PORTS. 


Line,"  being  tlie  principal  ones.  Tlie  house  also  deals  largely  in  pressed  hay, 
grain,  salt,  land  plaster,  cement,  oil,  flour,  pork,  beef,  hams,  shoulders,  lard, 
ahip  supplies,  and  always  having  on  band  a  stocli  the  superior  qunlity  of 
which  may  be  relied  on. 

Merchants,  manufacturers,  traders,  farmers  and  others  requiring  the  ser- 
vices of  a  thoroughly  reliable  forwarding  house  should  not  fail  to  place  them- 
selves in  communication  with  these  gentlemen.  The  greatest  care  is  always 
taken  of  goods  entrusted  to  them  as  forwarders;  all  unnecessary  delays  are 
avoided,  and  when  it  docs  occur  their  large  and  convenient  warerooms 
afford  security  and  shelter  unequaled  by  any  house  in  the  city.  Those  con- 
signing goods  to  this  house  in  their  capacity  of  commission  merchants  can  be 
satisfied  that  the  l>est  current  prices  will  always  be  obtained  ;  and  all  requir- 
ing informatfon  or  advice  pertaining  to  any  branch  of  this  extensive  business 
may  rely  upon  any  representations  mode  by  them.  Mr.  A.  N.  Moffat,  the 
senior  partner,  is  a  young  man  of  ability  and  strict  integrity,  and  having 
been  rearetl  in  the  business  from  boyhood,  has  acquired  such  an  intimate 
knowledge  of  its  various  departments  that  the  utmost  reliance  may  be  placed 
in  his  representations. 

MOFFAT  &  CO.. 

FORWARDERS  &  COMMISSION  MERCHANTS, 

AOMKat  or  TBI  nUXOIPAL 

ZA/iTE  AND  RIVER  STEAMERS. 
muucu  w 

Coal,  Pressed  Hay,  Grain,  Salt,  Land  Plaster, 

CEMENT,  on,,'  BOAT  SUPPLIES,  ETC. 

Jas.  Moffat  a  Son. 

Managers  Tugs  MooKiKO  Bibd,  Brockway  and  Fbank  Moffat, 

Wauwmmi,  OvnoM  AMD  Docs: 
Poor  OF  Sarnia  8tiu!bt,  PORT  HURON,  MICH. 


NEWHAL-L.    HOUSE, 

ULWADKBI,  Wn., 


Labowt  and  But  Hotkl  ih  tbi  Btatb. 
BrMt  Ba<a«UM  ta  BatM, 

Boom9  with  Board,  $»J00,  $2M  and  $8.00  per  Day. 
J.  F.  Antisdkl,  Pbopbirob. 


.«»<»*»**«M«KMaKSi*!f^^a,<,gij(| 


J  in  pressed  hay, 

shoulders,  lard, 

perlor  quality  of 

cquiring  the  ser- 
ail  to  place  them- 
!8t  care  is  always 
:c8sary  delays  are 
nient  warerooms 
ity.  Those  con- 
tniirchants  can  be 
I ;  and  all  requir- 
ixtensive  business 
N.  Moffat,  the 
rity,  and  having 
such  an  intimate 
ace  may  be  placed 


LCHANTS, 

'S. 
Plaster, 

BANK  MOPPAT, 
!f,  MICH. 


THE  LAKE  PORTS. 


SE, 


I  ptr  Day. 


,'«;?r 


HISTORICAL  AND  DESCRIPTIVE  REVIEW 

0/  the  Lakes — Rivers — Islands — Cities — Tmons —  Watering  Places — 
Fisheries  —  Vessels  —  Steamers  —  Captains  —  Disasters — Early 
Navigators — Mineral  Wealth — Trade — Cheap  Trans})ortation — 
Commerce,  etc.,  etc. 

>HE  extent  and  volume  of  the  bodies  of  water  that  form  these 
inland  seas  is  so  extensive  as  to  exceed,  the  comprehension 
of  many  minds,  unless  the  subject  has  been  closely  investi- 
gated. Under  the  above  designation  is  included  Lake  Superior, 
containing  an  area  of  thirty-two  thousand  square  miles;  Lake 
Michigan,  twenty-two  thousand;  Lake  Huron,  twenty  thousand 
five  hundred;  and  Lake  Erie,  nine  thousand  seven  hundred; 
including  Green  Bay  on  Lake  Michigan,  and  the  Georgian  Bay 
on  Lake  Huron,  the  latter  being  on  the  Canadian  side  of  the  line 
that  divides  the  Dominion  of  Canada  from  the  United  States. 

The  straits  which  form  the  connecting  links  and  outlets  to  these 
vast  bodies  of  water  are  the  St.  Mary's  river,  which  unites  Lakes 
Superior  and  Huron,  and  divides  the  upper  peninsula  of  Michigan 
from  Canada;  the  Straits  of  Mackinac,  which  connects  Lakes 
Michigan  and  Huron,  and  forms  the  natural  and  political  bound- 
ary between  the  upper  and  lower  peninsulas  of  Michigan;  the  St. 
Clair  river,  connecting  Lakes  Huron  and  St.  Clair,  and  constituting 
the  dividing  line  between  the  United  States  and  Canada;  and  the 
Detroit  river,  which  has  its  rise  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Lake  St. 
Clair  and  empties  itself  into  Lake  Erie,  and  continuing  to  form  the 
boundary  line  between  the  two  countries.  These  noble  rivers  are 
all  navigable  streams,  and  are  able,  in  conjunction  with  the  ship 
canal  at  the  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  of  ^oating  vessels  of  over  two  thou- 
sand tons  burden  from  Chicago  to  Buffalo,  a  distance  of  twelve 
hundred  miles.  At  this  point  navigation,  for  a  large  class  of 
vessels,  ceases,  but,  by  the  construction  of  additional  canal  com- 
munication and  the  enlarging  of  those  already  in  operation,  a  direct 

— . li 


iW 


mammm 


wmtmaf>^ 


so 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


connection  between  the  great  lakes  and  European  ports  would  be 
effected,  that  would  materially  increase  the  already  enormous  com- 
merce of  these  waters,  and  confer  on  the  American  and  Cana- 
dian people  incalculable  benefit;  for  it  would  create  one  continued 
line  of  sea  ports,  from  which  could  be  shipped  at  a  low  rate  all  the 
agricultural  and  mineral  wealth  of  a  vast  region  of  country  rich  with 
all  the  products  that  go  to  make  nations  wealthy,  and  at  the  same 
time  provide  profitable  employment  to  thousands  of  laborers  both 
on  land  and  water. 

As  an  object  of  common  interest,  and  which  is  of  as  much 
importance  to  individuals  as  to  the  two  great  powers  which  it 
divides,  this  public  highway  of  the  seas  should  be  carefully  guarded, 
so  that  no  impediments  may  interfere  with  free  and  open  navigation 
from  the  upper  lakes  to  the  St.  Lawrence.  Fortunately,  by  a 
late  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  these  large 
bodies  of  water  were  declared  to  be  inland  seas,  both  legally  and 
commercially,  and  Congress  under  this  decision  has  greatly  improved 
many  of  the  harbors  of  the  lakes  and  connecting  rivers,  in  the  same 
manner  and  under  the  same  authority  that  it  does  those  on  the  sea- 
board ;  it  has  led  to  a  vigorous  maintenance  of  federal  authority,  in 
providing  for  the  safety  of  commerce  and  guarding  the  channels  of 
communication  from  any  kind  of  obstruction. 

The  states  washed  by  these  great  bodies  of  water  are  New  York, 
Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin,  Minne- 
sota, and  the  provinces  of  Ontario  and  Quebec,  Canada.  Their 
united  area  is  upwards  of  ninety  thousand  square  miles,  draining  a 
surface  of  nearly  four  hundred  thousand  square  miles  of  territory, 
situated  for  the  most  part  on  the  northern  confines  of  the  temperate 
zone. 

All  the  lake  cities  and  towns,  as  well  as  those  on  the  Mississippi 
and  Atlantic  seaboard,  should  take  a  deep  interest  in  the  preserva- 
tion of  free  and  uninterrupted  navigation  on  the  great  lakes,  for, 
notwithstanding  the  immense  shipping  interests  involved,  it  has  been 
proposed  by  certain  moneyed  interests  to  bridge  both  the  Detroit 
and  St.  Clair  rivers  at  various  points,  for  the  assumed  purpose  of 
affording  quick  transit  from  the  West  to  the  Atlantic  seaboard. 
Latterly  the  agitation  has  been  confined  to  the  Detroit  river;  but 
through  the  strenuous  exertions  of  those  interested  in  lake  naviga- 
tion the  project  is,  for  the  time  being,  abandoned ;  and  should  the 
tunnel  scheme,  which  meets  with  much  popular  sympathy,  be  carried 
out,  the  vexed  question  of  bridging  this  noble  stream  will  be  forever 
answered.  This  object,  if  it  had  ever  been  attained,  would  have  so 
far  injured  lake  navigation  for  all  future  time,  as  to  have  placed  an 
insurmountable  obstacle  in  the  way  of  commerce,  that  would  irrepa- 
rably have  injured  both  the  producer  and  consumer  of  western 
America,  and  only  benefited  the  individual  members  of  speculative 
corporations. 

During  the  past  few  years  it  has  been  most  forcibly  demonstrated 
that  by  means  of  lake  and  river  transportation  millions  of  money 


Au 


ports  would  be 
enormous  coin- 
can  and  Cana- 
;  one  continued 
low  rate  all  the 
)untry  rich  with 
nd  at  the  same 
f  laborers  both 

is  of  as  much 
owers  which  it 
refully  guarded, 
open  navigation 
rtunately,  by  a 
ates,  these  large 
oth  legally  and 
[reatly  improved 
ers,  in  the  same 
hose  on  the  sea- 
ral  authority,  in 
the  channels  of 

r  are  New  York, 
isconsin,  Minne- 
Canada.  Their 
niles,  draining  a 
lies  of  territory, 
}f  the  temperate 

fi  the  Mississippi 
in  the  preserva- 
great  lakes,  for, 
lived,  it  has  been 
ioth  the  Detroit 
imed  purpose  of 
lantic  seaboard. 
Detroit  river;  but 
in  lake  naviga- 
and  should  the 
pathy,  be  carried 
m  will  be  forever 
1,  would  have  so 
Q  have  placed  an 
lat  would  irrepa- 
imer  of  western 
rs  of  speculative 

)ly  demonstrated 
illions  of  money 


f 


Oluipel  Beacli  mad  Hat— Lake  Superior. 


:;vPiia^|^'*^vir^ 


v-.V' 


(•    I h.'t  .»!=  ■ 


Beeke  Honae— Pn*«lii  Bay. 


tjTTr'*Trirwj)i)iij-'-'''' 


*»-i*S*4^SM*i  »w«4tpgtCa4«»^i^-  it-^ 


■  i 


52 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


can  be  saved,  when  compared  to  the  necessarily  high  rates  charged 
by  railroad  companies — which  have,  and  are  still,  heavily  taxing 
the  industries  of  the  country,  and  being  largely  instrumental  in 
causing  the  high  prices  which  are  charged  for  most  of  the  necessaries 
of  life. 

At  the  present  day,  the  voyager,  in  sailing  from  the  American 
shore  to  Europe  or  Asia,  or  on  making  a  circuit  of  the  globe,  pur- 
sues an  almost  trackless  path  across  the  broad  ocean,  without  being 
in  sight  of  land  for  the  greater  part  of  the  distance.  But  such  is  not 
the  case  in  sailing  on  the  great  lakes  of  America — which  form  all 
together  the  largest  expanse  of  fresh  water  on  the  face  of  the  earth. 
And  although  we  have  none  of  the  marvelous  legends  about  the 
leviathans  of  the  deep  and  other  wonderful  stories,  fabricated  by  the 
imaginative  brains  of  veritable  salt  water  "  Jack  Tars,"  we  have  the 
Indian  traditions,  equal  in  coloring  and  poetry  of  language  to  the 
far-famed  romances  of  Eastern  climes.  Lake  Superior,  the  Gitchee 
Gummee  of  the  Chippewas,  is  rich  in  Indian  narrative.  Every  grove 
that  slopes  gently  down  to  its  edge,  and  every  rock  that  towCts  aloft 
in  native  majesty  to  heaven,  is  made  to  speak  the  praises  of  this 
lovely  region. 

But  our  task  consists  in  rendering  a  plain,  unvarnished  account 
of  the  objects  that  surround  these  inland  seas,  made  famous  by  their 
extent,  pure  air  and  water,  picturesque  islands,  cultivated  shores,  and 
rich  deposits  of  various  kinds  of  mineral — and  that,  too,  in  such 
abundance  as  to  far  exceed  the  productions  of  other  parts  of  the 
world,  both  in  richness  of  ore  and  the  extent  and  variety  of  the 
deposits.  Here  iron,  copper  and  silver  are  annually  produced  in 
marvelous  quantities,  giving  employment  to  many  thousand  miners 
and  others. 

The  field  occupied  by  these  enormous  mineral  deposits  is  illimita- 
ble, covering  portions  of  the  Upper  Peninsula  of  Michigan,  Northern 
Wisconsin  and  Minnesota,  while  the  Dominion  of  Canada  possesses 
large  tracts  as  yet  but  partially  developed.  Added  to  these,  the 
value  of  the  fisheries  and  the  lumber  trade,  and  these  lake  regions 
possess  wealth  enough  to  enrich  nations. 

In  addition  to  these,  the  healthy  and  invigorating  climate  of  the 
upper  lakes  invest  this  region  with  advantages  which  the  ancients 
would  have  designated  as  the  abode  of  the  gods,  and  esteemed  the 
very  rocks  as  natural  deities.  Indeed,  the  poetic  mind  of  the  Indian 
has  already  clothed  these  regions  with  mystic  lore  and  pronounced 
its  mountain  tops  as  the  favorite  resorts  of  the  Great  Spirit. 

When  it  is  remembered  that  the  far-famed  Niagara  river  and 
cataract  has  no  equal  in  the  world,  and  that  the  smallest  of  these 
upper  lakes  exceeds  in  extent  that  of  any  other  body  of  fresh  water  on 
the  globe,  that  Lake  Superior  covers  an  area  of  upwards  of  thirty  thou- 
sand square  miles,  with  a  depth  of  one  thousand  feet  near  its  center, 
and  standing  at  an  elevation  of  six  hundred  feet  above  the  ocean,  into 
which  it  flows  through  the  noble  river  St.  Lawrence,  anri  ■y'ence  into 
th''  gulf  of  the  same  name,  its  outlet  bearing  several  .'^fferjut  names 


nm 


h  rates  charged 

heavily  taxing 

instrumental  in 

f  the  necessaries 

n  the  American 
the  globe,  pur- 
1,  without  being 
But  such  is  not 
-which  form  all 
ice  of  the  earth, 
gends  about  the 
iabricated  by  the 
rs,"  we  have  the 
language  to  the 
;rior,  the  Gitchee 
e.  Every  grove 
that  towfts  aloft 
;  praises  of  this 

rnished  account 
:  famous  by  their 
grated  shores,  and 
lat,  too,  in  such 
her  parts  of  the 
d  variety  of  the 
illy  produced  in 
thousand  miners 

iposits  is  illimita- 
chigan.  Northern 
[Canada  possesses 
led  to  these,  the 
lese  lake  regions 

kg  climate  of  the 
lich  the  ancients 
nd  esteemed  the 
lind  of  the  Indian 
and  pronounced 
at  Spirit, 
iagara  river  and 
smallest  of  these 
'  of  fresh  water  on 
rdsof  thirty  thou- 
et  near  its  center, 
ve  the  ocean,  into 
!,  vat^  -bence  into 
al  jiffttrcut  names 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


S3 


before  it  enters  the  main  stream  among  the  "Thousand  Islands," 
these  grand  and  stupendous  monuments  of  nature's  handiwork, 
must,  perforce,  impress  all  minds  with  their  glorious  beauty,  and 
excite  the  admiration  of  the  most  stoical. 

The  principal  rapids  on  the  St.  Lawrence,  after  passing  Lake 
Ontario,  are  known  as  the  Long  Sault,  Coteau,  Cedar,  Cascade  and 
a  La  Chein,  while  the  expansions  are  called  Lakes  St.  Francis,  St. 
Louis  and  St.  Peter.  It  also  receives  the  Ottawa  and  Saguenay 
Rivers,  and  several  other  considerable  streams,  all  of  which,  accumu- 
lated, join  one  majestic  stream,  flowing  grandly  down  to  the  briney 
ocean  beyond.  The  tide  waters  extend  a  short  distance  above  the 
City  of  Quebec. 

The  foregoing  brief  sketch  of  lake  and  river  combined,  shows 
the  magnitude  and  grandeur  of  the  whole  system  of  internal  com- 
munication with  the  lake  ports  that  within  half  a  century  have 
sprung  up  on  their  shores,  and  which  constitutes  the  great  natural 
system  of  drainage  to  the  vast  territory  surrounding,  affording  the 
most  complete  and  desirable  outlet  for  the  products  of  the  great 
North-west,  as  well  as  the  Dominion  of  Canada ;  for  by  means  of 
ship  canals  ocean  vessels  are  able  to  ascend  fifteen  hundred  miles 
above  tide  water,  to  the  head  of  Lake  Superior  on  the  west,  and 
Lake  Michigan  on  the  south,  where  stand  two  rival  cities  of  modern 
date. 

The  many  cities  and  villages  which  have  sprung  into  existence, 
as  if  by  magic,  along  the  shores  of  these  lakes  and  rivers,  as  well  as 
on  the  banks  of  tributary  streams,  are  equally  marvellous  as  the ' 
mighty  waters  which  cover  such  an  extent  of  territory,  and  which  at 
the  first,  were  the  cause  of  their  existence  and  the  ultimate  source 
of  their  wonderful  prosperity.  A  greater  part  of  this  country,  lying 
as  it  does  within  the  temperate  zone,  is  susceptible  of  settlement  and 
a  high  state  of  cultivation,  enjoying  in  equal  proportion  the  four 
seasons  of  the  year.  Indeed,  there  are  few  countries  enjoys  so 
varied  and  healthful  a  climate  as  the  one  we  have  endeavored 
briefly  to  describe  ;  and  in  it  all  the  divine  workings  of  the  Creator 
are  forcibly  apparent.  Air,  water  and  sunshine  are  blended  so  as  to 
invigorate  the  human  frame  and  make  life  pleasurable,  even  among 
its  most  trying  vicissitudes.  The  very  animals  are  formed  so  as  to 
meet  the  changing  seasons  with  comfort,  being  warmly  clad  in  winter 
with  their  furry  robes,  which  they  shed  as  the  balmy  days  of  sum- 
mer approach.  Passing  from  summer  to  winter,  in  the  region  of 
the  Great  Lakes  a  climatic  change  takes  place,  of  which  it  is  hard 
to  conceive  and  more  difficult  to  describe ;  here  the  secret  workings 
of  nature  have  to  be  grappled  with  by  the  ingenuity  of  man,  and 
continued  observation  reveals  more  astonishing  truths  than  the 
ancients,  with  all  their  flights  of  imagination  and  poetic  fiction,  were 
able  to  conceive.  Summer,  with  its  sun  and  showers,  brings  its 
reward  for  weeks  of  patient  waiting  among  ice  bound  lakes  and 
rivers,  in  the  shape  of  the  richest  productions  of  the  vegetable 
world ;  and  winter  performs  its  duty  designed  by  nature  in  keeping 


54 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


ever  pure  the  waters  which  refresh  during  the  warmer  portions  of 
the  year,  making  the  lakes  the  great  refrigerators  of  the  surrounding 
country. 

The  records  of  the  early  history  and  discoveries  are  very  vague 
and  uncertain.  The  object  of  the  first  European  explorers  was  not  so 
much  the  discovery  of  new  regions  beyond  the  setting  sun,  as  the 
acquirement  of  wealth,  extravagant  stories  of  which  the  first  discov- 
erers of  gold  on  this  continent  spread  through  the  Eastern  world. 
About  the  same  time  many  scientific  men  were  devoting  all  their 
energies  and  wealth  in  the  discovery  of  the  Philosopher's  Stone 
and  other  equally  ridiculous  pursuits.  Hence  we  read  that  De  Soto, 
while  seeking  for  gold  and  fountains  of  water  that  should  prolong 
human  life  and  make  man  immortal,  reached  the  banks  of  the 
turbid  Mississippi,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas  river,  there 
to  die  and  be  buried  in  the  hot  sands  that  lined  its  banks,while  his 
followers  proceeded  southward  in  hopes  of  preserving  their  lives. 

But  at  a  later  period  a  higher  and  better  motive  inspired  men's 
minds  to  visit  the  great  lake  regions  of  America.  Pere  Marquette, 
with  the  spirit  of  a  true  discoverer,  and  having  at  heart  the  good  of 
the  aborigonies,  by  whom  he  was  looked  upon  as  a  god,  wandered 
along  the  shores  of  these  inland  seas,  when  hearing  of  the  "Great 
Mississippi,"  he  extended  his  travels,  reaching  De  Soto's  upper 
stream,  which  he  descended  several  hundred  miles,  but  being  in- 
formed by  the  natives  that  the  country  was  inhabited  by  hostile 
bands,  returned  to  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan,  near  the  mouth  of 
the  present  Marquette  river,  on  the  17th  day  of  March,  1675. 

Father  Marcpiette  was  the  first  real  explorer  of  the  Mississippi, 
and  after  De  Soto  the  first  white  man  who  beheld  it.  The  travels 
and  death  of  this  great  man  clearly  demonstrate  that  man's  designs 
seldom  reach  the  goal  to  which  they  aspire.  Marquette's  object  was 
the  conversion  to  Christianity  the  tribes  of  savages  who  peopled  this 
vast  territory  and  the  aggrandizement  of  his  king,  but  instead  of  this 
he  opened  to  the  world  the  gigantic  commerce  of  half  the  globe,  and 
discovered  a  home  for  the  growth  and  development  of  an  independent 
people  greater  than  the  Roman  Empire. 

Looking  into  the  dim  future,  the  lovely  shores  and  headlands, 
with  the  numerous  wooded  islands,  which  adorn  the  lakes,  now 
mostlv  uninhabited  and  over  which  the  stillness  of  quiet  nature  hushed 
to  slumber  in  its  primeval  glory,  wakes  no  answering  echoes  to  the 
woodman's  ax  or  builder's  hammer,  the  day  is  not  far  distant  when 
man,  either  from  choice  or  necessity,  will  transform  these  sylvan 
retreats  of  nature's  choicest  possessions  into  busy  cities,  and  the 
Thames,  the  Seine,  the  Rhine  and  Danube,  with  their  miles  of 
wharves  and  forests  of  masts,  their  lordly  mansions  and  castellated 
edifices  will  be  reproduced  in  these  portions  of  this  our  favored 
country. 


^B^ 


.38! 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


55 


er  portions  of 
le  surrounding 

re  very  vague 

rers  was  not  so 

ng  sun,  as  the 

he  first  discov- 

Eastern  world. 

oting  all  their 

sopher's  Stone 

1  that  De  Soto, 

hould  prolong 

banks  of   the 

as  river,  there 

)anks,while  his 

5  their  lives. 

inspired  men's 

ere  Marquette, 

art  the  good  of 

god,  wandered 

of  the  "Great 

i  Soto's   upper 

,  but  being  in- 

ited  by  hostile 

r  the  mouth  of 

ch,  1675. 

the  Mississippi, 

t.     The  travels 

t  man's  designs 

itte's  object  was 

ho  peopled  this 

t  instead  of  this 

f  the  globe,  and 

an  independent 

and  headlands, 
the  lakes,  now 
!t  nature  hushed 
I  echoes  to  the 
ar  distant  when 
m  these  sylvan 
cities,  and  the 
their  miles  of 
and  castellated 
his  our  favored 


THE  NATURAL  TERRACES  AND  TABLE  LANDS 

which  abound  on  the  borders  of  the  great  lakes,  as  well  as  on  the 
banks  of  the  tributary  rivers,  afford  delightful  sites  for  cities,  villages 
and  country  residences.  Several  of  these  exist  in  succession  on  the 
shores  of  Lake  Superior,  while  the  Ame  geographical  features  are 
recognized  on  the  beautiful  wooded  islands  of  Michipicoten  and 
Grand  Island,  or  the  Gitchee  Munising  of  the  Chippewas.  Both 
these  lovely  spots  promise  at  some  future  day  to  become  favorite 
summer  resorts ;  the  latter  more  especially,  as  it  is  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  *'  Pictured  Rocks." 

The  Island  of  Mackinac,  the  garden  of  the  upper  lakes,  is 
already  the  favorite  resort  of  the  afflicted  and  those  in  quest  of 
pleasure ;  rising  terrace  on  terrace,  it  is  elevated  from  one  to  three 
hundred  feet  above  the  pure  waters  of  the  Straits  of  Mackinac,  and 
will  always  attract  the  attention  of 'the  refined  and  wealthy. 

Duluth  and  Superior  City,  the  one  situated  on  a  rising  ascent 
and  the  other  on  a  slightly  elevated  plateau  or  terrace  at  the  head 
of  Lake  Superior,  are  important  and  growing  cities,  and  give  promise 
of  being  the  northern  neuclus  of  the  commerce  of  this  region. 

Bayfield,  protected  by  the  Apostle  Isles,  and  lying  on  a  large  and 
secure  bay,  rises  by  two  or  three  terraces  to  an  elevation  overlooking 
one  of  the  most  extensive  and  grandest  scenes  of  Lake  Superior, 
extending  northward  through  a  labyrinth  of  islands,  and  southward 
across  Chaquamegon  Bay,  where  the  entire  fleet  of  the  lakes  might 
lay  in  safety. 

Ashland,  at  the  head  of  the  bay,  occupies  the  most  elevated 
terrace,  while  the  water  front  is  improved  by  steamboat  landings  and 
railroad  depots. 

Keweenaw  Point,  from  Eagle  River  to  Portage  Lake,  consists  of 
numerous  terraces,  many  of  which  are  already  occupied  by  thriving 
villages,  inhabited  by  sturdy  miners,  employed  in  the  copper  mines 
for  which  this  section  is  famous. 

Marquette,  the  "  Iron  City "  of  Superior,  is  another  beautiful 
town,  situated  on  three  distinct  natural  terraces,  rising  some  two 
hundred  feet  above  the  lake.  The  surrounding  waters  are,  during 
the  season  of  navigation,  enlivened  by  every  class  of  commercial 
vessel,  as  well  as  the  sail  boat  of  pleasure,  while  the  fisherman's  craft 
may  be  seen  pursuing  its  avocation  in  the  far  distance.  At  night  the 
scene  is  enlivened  by  the  numerous  light-houses  along  the  coast  and 
the  fiery  blaze  from  the  blast  furnaces  of  the  surrounding  country. 

Munising,  lying  on  Green  Bay,  is  situated  on  a  low  terrace,  while 
immediately  behind  rises  an  abrupt  hill,  forming  an  elevated  plateau, 
from  which  descends  a  silvery  stream  of  sparkling  water.  This 
whole  lake  front,  or  the  main  land  extending  east  to  Miner's  Castle, 
rises  by  terraces  of  steep  ascent  until  the  "  Pictured  Rocks  "  are 
reached ;  then  an  abrupt  precipice  with  beetling  crags  and  caves  is 
to  be  seen,  which  may  safely  be  approached  in  calm  weather,  but 
should  be  shunned  by  the  mariner  during  severe  storms. 


H; 


WWBtei 


I, 


•il 


lUaa  BapMa. 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


57 


The  banks  of  the  River  St.  Mary,  or  strait  connecting  Lakes 
Superior  and  Huron,  are  terraced  near  the  rapids,  where  stands  the 
ancient  and  romantic  settlement  of  the  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  St. 
Joseph  island,  belonging  to  Canada,  is  an  elevated  table  land  of 
great  extent,  rising  gradually  aboVe  the  water's  edge. 

The  terraces  formed  by  the  Detroit  and  St.  Clair  rivers  are  most 
beautiful  when  compared  with  the  low  lands  adjacent  to  Lake  St. 
Clair,  where  extensive  marshes  abound.  For  the  most  part  the 
heavy  forest  limber  is  cut  down  along  the  banks  of  these  streams 
forming  the  outlet  to  Lakes  Superior,  Huron  and  Michigan,  while  in 
ihe  background  much  of  the  original  oak,  hickory  and  other  trees 
of  the  primeval  forest  remain.  Detroit  occupies  an  especially  fine 
terrace,  sloping  gradually  down  to  the  shores  of  the  river.  Lake 
Erie,  on  its  southeastern  shores,  presents  very  many  fine  elevations, 
where  grapes,  peaches  and  other  fruits  are  cultivated  in  rich  abund- 
ance, as  well  as  on  the  lovely  group  of  islands  which  adorns  its 
western  terminus.  The  terrace  on  which  the  city  of  Cleveland 
stands  is  elevated  about  one  hundred  feet  above  the  waters  of  the 
lake,  and  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  to  be  found  on  all  the  waters 
of  the  upper  lakes,  while  many  other  localities  are  nearly  equally 
favored.  The  city  of  Buffalo  is  located  on  a  gently  rising  terrace, 
and  is  unequaled  for  its  healthy  situation,  convenience  and  beauty. 


EARLY  NAVIGATION. 

The  sailing  vessel  occupies  an  important  place  in  the  history  of 
all  nations.  It  is  the  offspring  of  antiquity,  and  its  home  was  in  the 
valley  of  the  Nile  and  the  sunny  waters  of  the  Mediterranean  sea. 
It  may  of  a  truth  be  styled  the  cradle  of  discovery,  for  through  its 
agency  man  discovered  new  worlds  and  peopled  them,  and  found 
untraveled  paths  along  the  miphty  deep,  that  led  to  stores  of  untold 
wealth  now  utilized  by  industrious  and  wealthy  nations. 

Formerly  the  only  means  of  traversing  the  great  lakes  and  rivers 
of  this  continent  was  the  Indian  bark  canoe,  and  later  the  bateau 
and  Mackinac  beat,  as  constructed  by  the  early  French  voyageurs. 
Next  came  the  sailing  craft,  wafted  by  favorable  breezes  over  the 
larger  bodies  of  water,  or  towed  and  poled  along  the  banks  of  the 
river  by  the  force  of  human  strength.  The  fur  traders  and  early 
Jesuits,  discoverers,  were  the  first  pale  faces  to  adopt  this  mode  of 
navigation. 

All  early  writers  of  Lake  history  agree  that  the  name  of  the  first 
sail  vessel  which  ever  floated  the  lakes  was  the  Griffin,  which  was  built 
on  the  Niagara,  six  miles  above  the  falls,  and  set  sail  on  the  7th  of  Au- 
gust 1679,  in  command  of  the  chevalier  De  La  Salle,  with  a  crew  of 
six  persons  all  told,  bound  for  Mackinac,  which  place  she  reached  and 
in  a  few  weeks  started  on  her  return  voyage,  laden  with  furs.  This 
is  the  last  known  of  her,  although  it  is  asserted  that  the  crew  and  outfit 


— *     ^^ 


58 


THE   LAKK    PORTS. 


of  the  vessel  was  saved;  which  statement  however  is  most  positively 
contradicted  by  the  best  authority ;  it  may  here  be  noted  as  the  first 
marine  disaster  that  was  ever  recorded  as  occurring  on  the  lakes.  For 
a  period  of  eighty-seven  years  no  mention  is  made  of  the  movements 
of  any  craft  sailing  the  great  lakes,  although  it  is  not  to  be  supposed  that 
so  long  a  time  elapsed  without  others  being  built  and  operated.  In 
the  latter  part  of  the  year  1769  four  vessels,  named  respectively  the 
Gladwin,  Lady  Charlotte,  Victory,  and  Boston,  were  navigating  the 
lakes. 

On  Lake  Ontario,  the  first  vessel  of  which  any  record  is  left  was  set 
afloat  in  1789.  She  was  built  at  Sodus  Bay,  by  Capt.  John  Fellows, 
a  native  of  Sheffield,  Mass.;  her  first  cargo  consisted  of  tea  and  tobacco. 

The  first  merchant  brig  introduced  upon  the  lakes  was  named  the 
Union.  She  was  built  in  1814;  her  capacity  wan  ninety-six  tons.  Being 
found  too  large  for  the  business  requirements  of  that  period  she  was 
for  a  time  laid  up. 

The  first  full  rigged  ship  on  the  lakes  was  built  at  Buffalo,  by  Col. 
Alanson  Palmer  in  1836,  and  named  the  Julia  Palmer.  She  was  of 
about  three  hundred  tons  burden.  Proving  inadequate  for  the  trade, 
she  was  at  a  later  date  converted  into  a  steamer,  and  was  afterward 
lost  during  a  storm  on  Lake  Superior. 

The  first  vessel  to  Chicago  was  the  schooner  Gen.  '1  racey,  of 
about  ninety  tons  burden ;  she  was  built  at  Detroit  about  the  year  1800; 
she  sailed  for  Chicago  in  1803,  having  on  board  a  company  of  soldiers, 
under  the  command  of  Col.  Sweaniegen ;  on  her  passage  she  called  at 
St.  Joseph  and  other  points.  She  became  a  total  wreck  and  was  lost 
on  Fort  Erie  reef  in  the  year  1809.  Chicago  at  this  time  had  but  one 
white  man's  dwelling,  that  of  an  Indian  trader. 

Bcitweenthe  years  1800  and  1810  several  large  schooners  navigated 
Lake  Superior  in  the  service  of  the  Hudson  Bay  and  American  Fur 
companies ;  one,  named  the  Recovery,  belonging  to  the  British  North- 
western Company,  was  one  of  these.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Patriot  war,  fears  were  entertained  for  its  safety,  and  it  is  said  that 
its  preservation  was  accomplished  by  stratagem.  In  one  of  the  deep 
and  narrow  bays  on  the  northeast  end  of  Isle  Royal,  which  was  then 
within  the  juiisdiction  of  the  British,  this  vessel  was  secreted  ;  after 
having  her  spars  taken  out,  she  was  entirely  covered  up  with  boughs 
and  brushwood.  After  the  termination  of  hostilities  between  the 
two  nations,  she  was  brought  out  and  again  placed  in  commission. 
After  this  she  was  run  over  the  St.  Marie  Rapids  and  placed  in  the 
lumber  trade  on  Lake  Erie,  under  command  of  Captain  Fellows. 
The  fragments  of  this  adventurous  bark  were  for  a  long  time  visible 
near  Fort  Erie,  opposite  Buffalo. 

The  schooner  Mink  was  also  employed  in  the  Lake  Superior  fur 
trade  previous  to  the  war.  She  wns  afterward,  for  several  years, 
employed  on  Lake  Erie,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Tom  Ham- 
mond, an  officer  who  had  previously  served  in  Perry's  fleet.  After 
having  performed  good  service  for  several  years,  she  was  sunk  in  the 
River  Rouge,  just  below  Detroit. 


■^ 


i\ 


most  positively 
3ted  as  the  first 
the  lakes.  For 
the  movements 
e  supposed  that 
operated.  In 
espectively  the 
navigating  the 

rd  is  left  was  set 
t.  John  Fellows, 
tea  and  tobacco. 
s  was  named  the 
six  tons.  Being 
t  period  she  was 

Buffalo,  by  Col. 
»er.  She  was  of 
ate  for  the  trade, 
d  was  afterward 

Gen.  '1  racey,  of 
3Ut  the  year  1800; 
ipany  of  soldiers, 
iage  she  called  at 
reck  and  was  lost 

time  had  but  one 

tooners  navigated 
nd  American  Fur 
he  British  North- 
aking  out  of  the 
id  it  is  said  that 
1  one  of  the  deep 
.1,  which  was  then 
IS  secreted ;  after 
d  up  with  boughs 
Ities  between  the 
d  in  commission, 
ind  placed  in  the 
Captain  Fellows. 
L  long  time  visible 

Lake  Superior  fur 
for  several  years, 
Capt.  Tom  Ham- 
rry's  fleet.  After 
le  was  sunk  in  the 


^!-^ 


milPSmat^jSixmmmmimssSt!?^" 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


59 


Another  schooner,  whose  name  is  unknown,  and  which  was  also 
employed  in  the  fur  trade  on  Lake  Superior,  undertook  to  pass  down 
the  rapids,  hut  in  so  doing  struck  on  a  rock  and  went  to  pieces. 

From  this  time  until  1832  Lake  Superior  was  navigated  only  by 
one  solitary  sail,  a  small  crnft  that  subsequently  |>assed  down  the 
rapids  and  was  oon  lost  sight  of  among  the  young  fleet  then  spring- 
ing u|)  on  the  I  >'Yer  lakes. 

In  1834  the  fur  business  revived,  and  the  American  Fur  Company 
issued  orders  for  the  building  and  e(|uipping  of  a  targe  vessel  for  the 
Lake  Superior  trade.  Ramsey  Crooks  and  O.  Newberry,  of  Detroit, 
undertook  the  matter.  She  was  named  the  Ramsey  Crooks,  and  when 
ready  for  service  tht;  command  was  entrusted  to  Capt.  Charles  C. 
Stanard. 

The  Astor,  the  first  American  schooner  launched  upon  Lake 
Superior,  was  built  by  the  American  Fur  Company  in  the  summer  of 
183^.  Her  frame  timbers  and  plank  were  prepared  at  Charleston, 
O.,  m  the  fall  of  1834,  and  shipped  on  board  the  schooner  Bridget  in 
April,  1835,  and  arrived  at  Sault  St.  Marie  on  the  ist  of  May.  The 
timbers  were  then  carried  to  the  head  of  the  rapids,  where  the  Astor 
was  built.  She  was  launched  on  the  ist  of  August,  and  sailed  for  La 
Pointe  on  the  15th  of  the  same  month.  She  was  under  the  command 
of  Capt.  Stanard,  who  discovered  the  celebrated  rock  that  has  since 
excited  so  much  curiosity  and  has  been  so  great  a  source  of  annoy- 
ance to  the  navigators  of  Lake  Superior.  The  Astor  was  wrecked 
off  Copper  Head,  September  a  ist,  1844. 

The  American  Fur  Company  had  two  small  vessels  built,  of  about 
twenty  tons  each,  in  the  year  1837,  one  of  which  was  so  poorly 
constructed  that  it  was  never  launched.  The  other,  the  Madeline, 
was  sailed  by  Captain  Angus,  and  was  employed  principally  in  the 
fishing  trade. 

In  1838  the  same  company  built  the  schooner  William  Brewster, 
of  seventy-three  tons.  She  was  launched  some  time  in  August,  and 
sailed  some  time  in  September,  under  the  command  of  Captain  John 
P.  Wood.  In  September,  1842,  they  supposing  she  would  rot  before 
she  could  pay  for  i;erself  on  Lake  Superior,  she  was  run  down  the 
rapids,  and  subsequently  put  in  commission  on  Lake  Erie. 

The  fleet  on  Lake  Superior  previous  to  the  opening  of  the  ship 
canal  was  composed  of  the  following :  steamboat  Julia  Palmer,  two 
hundred  and  eighty  tons ;  propeller  Independence,  two  hundred  and 
eighty  tons;  schooner  Napoleon,  one  hundred  and  eighty  tons; 
Algonquin,  Swallow  and  Merchant,  about  seventy  tons  each  ;  Uncle 
Tom,  Chippewa,  Fur  Trader,  Siskowit,  forty  tons ;  and  White  Fish, 
fifty  tons. 

Although  sail  vessels  for  a  long  time  were  the  only  available 
medium  for  water  transportation,  their  prestige  in  this  country  was 
of  short  duration.  With  the  introduction  of  steam  as  a  motive 
power,  as  applied  to  navigation,  the  vocation  of  the  sailing  vessel 
was  almost  entirely  destroyed.  Man  is  the  ruler  of  the  steamboat ; 
it  depends  upon  him  for  its  every  movement,  while  the  sailing  vessel, 


"^ef!^^m>vi^vr,rjr^iistsmma:f'x^<^-^:^??«-'T'f^ 


60 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


•tl 


on  the  other  hand,  depends  entirely  upon  the  good  offices  of  the 
wind,  that  invisible  and  mysterious  force  which  has  its  origin  with 
the  Omniscient.  History  informs  us  that  the  first  steamboat  on  this 
side  the  Atlantic  was  the  Clermont,  built  by  Robert  Fulton,  in  1807, 
near  Hurlgate,  on  East  River,  N.  Y.  She  was  forty  feet  long,  flat- 
bottomed,  and  drew  twenty-two  inches  of  water.  Her  wheels 
were  extended  below  the  bottom  of  the  boat;  a  fly  wheel  was  attached 
to  the  paddle  wheel,  having  a  rim  four  inches  wide,  which  was  to 
mako  the  paddle  wheel  pass  the  center  without  jerking.  There  was 
a  large  hub  inside  the  boat,  into  which  the  shaft  fitted. 

The  first  steamer  that  sailed  the  great  lakes  was  the  Walk-in-the- 
Water.  She  was  built  opjjosite  Stpiaw  Island,  on  the  Niagara  river, 
below  Black  Rock,  and  was  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  tons  burden, 
and  worked  by  a  low  pressure  engine.  She  was  commissioned  on 
Lake  Erie,  and  arrived  on  her  first  trip  to  Detroit,  August  22,  1818. 
In  1819  she  made  her  first  trip  to  Mackinac.  She  was  lost  in 
Buflialo  bay,  November  2, 182 1.  This  period  culminated  in  the  con- 
struction of  magnificent  floating  palaces,  which  were  usually  crowded 
with  emigrants,  both  native  and  foreign,  bound  for  the  far  west. 

The  side-vheel  steamers,  from  their  first  introduction  till  the  year 
i860,  running  from  Buffalo,  through  Lakes  Erie,  Huron  and  Mich- 
igan to  Chicago  and  Milwaukee,  were  many  of  them  first  class  vessels, 
carrying  great  numbers  of  passengers  and  an  immense  amount  of 
freight.  The  lake  travel  was  in  its  glory,  and  the  steamers  running 
from  Buffalo  to  Cleveland,  Toledo  and  Detroit,  connecting  with 
railroads,  were  truly  magnificent.  The  popular  commanders  were 
then  almost  idolized  and  looked  upon  as  fresh  water  admirals,  while 
each  one  vied  for  the  reputation  of  running  the  fastesi  steamer,  which 
often  resulted  in  disasters  consigning  many  a  passenger  to  a  watery 
grave. 

Steam  boat  travel  to  Lake  Superior  is  of  comparatively  recent 
date.  In  1855  the  St.  Mary's  ship  canal  was  finished  and  immediately 
the  travel  assumed  large  proportions.  Previous  to  this,  however,  several 
steamers  had  been  carried  over  the  portage  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  and 
where  running  on  the  lake.  Among  these  were  the  Julia  Palmer  and 
Sam  Ward,  and  the  Independence,  Manhattan,  Monticello  and 
Peninsular.  The  four  last  named  were  at  different  times  wrecked 
on  Lake  Superior. 

Communication  between  lakes  Erie  and  Ontario  was  first  opened 
up  in  1 83 1  via  Port  Robinson  and  Chippewa,  thence  via  Niagara 
river  to  Lake  Erie.  The  first  vessel  to  pass  through,  were  the 
British  schooner  Annie  and  Jane,  and  the  American  schooner  Erie 
and  Ontario.  Subsequently  the  outlet  was  extended  to  Port  Colborn, 
and  Port  Maitland,  on  Lake  Erie,  the  former  twenty  miles  and  the 
latter  forty  miles  distant  from  Buffalo.  The  following  is  a  carefully 
prepared  list  the  of  steamers  lost  since  their  introduction  on  the  great 
lakes,  in  1 82 1. 


^, 


SSS!SKS^S!> 


1^  BIRDS-EYE  VIEW  of  the  PENINSULA  and  Lake  Erie  ISLANDS 


offices  of  the 

its  origin  with 

atnboat  on  this 

•'ulton,  in  1807, 

feet  long,  flat- 

Her   wheels 

el  was  attached 

,  which  was  to 

ig.     There  was 

i. 

le  Walk-in-the- 
;  Niagara  river, 
)vo  tons  burden, 
mmissioned  on 
ugust  22,  1818. 
he  was  lost  in 
ited  in  the  con- 
isually  crowded 
le  far  west, 
ion  till  the  year 
iron  and  Mich- 
rst  class  vessels, 
;nse  amount  of 


:eamers  running 
onnecting  with 
mmanders  were 
admirals,  while 
i  steamer,  which 
ger  to  a  watery 

aratively  recent 
ind  immediately 
however,  several 
Ste.  Marie,  and 
ulia  Palmer  and 
Monticello  and 
:  times  wrecked 

was  first  opened 
ice  via  Niagara 
ough,  were  the 
1  schooner  Erie 
to  Port  Colborn, 
jr  miles  and  the 
ig  is  a  carefully 
ion  on  the  great 


«MB8(iJMi»«g 


64 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


LIST  OF  STEAMERS  LOST  ON  THE  LAKES. 


'  Walk-in  the- Water,  342  tons,  built 
at  Black  Rock,  1818,  wrecked 
at  Buffiilo,  Nov.  I,  1821. 

Superior,  300,  Buffalo,  1822,  made 
a  ship  and  lost  in  1843. 

Chippewa,  100,  Buffiilo,  1824,  bro- 
ken up  in  1825.  ^^ 

Niagara  1st,  1 80,  Black  Rock,  1825, 
broken  up. 

Henry  Clay.  348,  Black  Rock,  1825, 
broken  ap. 

Pioneer,  230,  Black  Rock,  1825, 
wrecked  on  Lake  Michigan, 
July,  1834. 

Wni.Penn,275,  Erie,  18  26,  wrecked. 

Enterprise  1st,  2  50,  Cleveland,  18  26, 
wrecked. 

William  Peacock,  120,  Barcelona, 
1829,  exploded,  killing  15  per- 
sons, on  Lake  Erie,  1830. 

Newburyport,  75,  Erie,  Pa.,  1829, 
broken  up. 

Sheldon  Thompson,  242,  Huron, 
Ohio,  1830,  broken  up. 

Ohio  1st,  187,  Sandusky,  1830, 
burned  at  Toledo  in  1842. 

Adelaide  (Champlain),  230,  Chip- 
pewa, C.W.,  1830,  wrecked  on 
Lake  Michigan,  1849. 

Gratiot,  63,  Black  River,  O.,  1831, 
broken  up. 

Pennsylvania,  395,  Erie,  Pa.,  1832, 
broken  up. 

Gen.  Brady,  too,  Detroit,  1832, 
made  into  a  vessel  in  1844. 

Uncle  Sam,  280,  Grosse  Isle,  Mich., 

1832,  made  into  a  vessel,  1844. 
Perseverance,  50,  Erie,  Pa.,  1832, 

broken  up. 
Washington   ist,  600,  Huron,  O., 

1833,  wrecked  on  Long  Point, 
first  trip. 

New  York,  325,  Black  Rock,  1833, 

went  to  decay. 
Michigan   ist,  472,  Detroit,  1833, 

broken  up. 
Daniel  Webster,  358,  Black  Rock, 


1833,  burned  in  1835  at  Buf- 
falo ;  rebuilt. 

Detroit  1st,  240,  Toledo,  1833, 
wreck'd  on  Lake  Michigan,  1836. 

Lady  of  the  Lake,  60,  Mt.  Clemens, 
1833,  broken  up. 

Gov.    Marcy,    161,    Black    Rock, 

1833,  broken  up. 

North  America,  362,  Conneaut,  O., 

1 833,burned  in  ConneaMt,  1 847. 
O.  Newberry,  170,  Palmer,  Mich., 

2833,  broken  up. 
Delaware,  170,  Huron,  O.,  1833, 

wrecked  near  Chicago,  1836. 
Victory,  77,  Bafialo,  1834,  broken 

up  at  Buffalo. 
Gen.  Porter,  342,  Black  Rock,  1834, 

made  a  propeller. 
Thos.  Jefl«rson,4a8,Erie,Pa.,i834. 

converted  into  a  ffoating  eleva- 
tor at  Buflilo. 
Com.  Pernr,  352,  Perrysburg,  1834, 

exploded  in  1835,  killing  6. 
Monroe,  341,  Monroe,  1834,  went 

to  pieces 
Mazeppa,  1830,  Buffalo,  1834,  made 

into  a  vessel. 
Sandusky,    377,    Sandusky,    1834, 

burned  at  Buffiilo,  made  a  bark, 

lost  in  1845. 
-Minnissetunk,  250„Goderich,  C.W., 

1834,  sunk  near  Maiden  by 
steamboat  Erie  in  1839. 

Gen.   Jackson,   50,  Mt.  Cleqnens, 

1834,  broken  up. 
Jack  Downing,  80,  Sandusky,  1834, 

made  into  a  vessel. 
Little  Western,  60,  Chatham,  C.  W., 

burned  at  Detroit  in  1842. 
Caroline,  80,   Charleston,    S. '  C, 

1834,  burned    and  sent  over 

Niagara  Falls  in  1837. 
Robert  Fulton,3o8,  Cleveland,!  8  3  5, 

wrecked  at  Sturgeon  Point,  L. 

E.,  in  1844. 
Columbus,  391,  Huron,  O.,  1835, 

wrecked  on  Dunkirk  piers,  1848. 


si 


k. 


mmm 


Us**" 


iKES. 

a  1835  at  Buf- 

Toledo,  1833, 
Michigan,  1836. 
0,  Mt.  ClemeiM, 
p. 

,    Black    Rock, 
J. 

t,  Conneaut,  O., 
Conneaiit,t847. 
Palmer,  Mich., 
;p. 

uron,  O.,  1833, 
'hicago,  1836. 
o,  1834,  broken 

lack  Rock,  1834, 
er. 

B.Erie,  Pa.,  18  34. 
a  ftoating  eleva- 

*errysburg,  1834, 
835,  killing  6. 
nroe,  1834,  went 

ifialo,  18  34,  made 

Sanduiky,    1834, 
alo,  made  a  bark, 

.Goderich,  C.W., 
lear    Maiden  by 
!  in  1839. 
},  Mt.  Cleipens, 
up. 

r  Sanduiky,  1834, 
enel. 

,  Chatham,  C.W., 
roit  in  1842. 
arletton,    S.   C, 
and  sent   over 
in  1837. 

,  Cleveland,  183  5, 
turgeon  Point,  L. 

luron,  O.,  1835, 
mkirkpiert,  1848. 


L*.i---L— >--  L.-- .'";"..%:>-  -^S'r^"' 


THE*  LAKE   PORTS. 


63 


Chas.  Towniend,  312,  Buflilo,N.Y., 
183;,  condemned  in  1849. 

United  States,  366,  Huron,  O., 
1835,  broken  up  at  Buffalo. 

Chicago,  166,  St.  Joseph,  Mich., 
1 83 5)  wrecked  in  a  gale  in  1 842. 

W.  F.  P.  Taylor,  95,  Silver  Creek, 

1835,  once  burned,  afterward 
wreck'd  on  Lake  Michigan,  1 842. 

Thames,  169,  Chatham,  1833,  burn- 
ed at  Windsor  in  1838  by  rebels, 
and  rebuilt. 

DeWitt  Clinton,  493,  Huron,  O., 

1836,  sunk  at  Dunkirk  in  1851. 
Julia  Palmer,  300,  Buflnilo,    1836, 

formerly  a  ship,  lost   on  Lake 

Superior  in  1847. 
Don   Quixote,   80,  Toledo,  1836, 

wrecked  on  Lake  Huron,  1836. 
Little  Erie,    149,   Detroit,    1836, 

sunk  in  Lake  St.  Clair  in  1843. 
Barcelona,  102,   Dunnville,    1836, 

formerly  PrincessVictoria,  made 

into  a  vessel. 
United,  40,  Detroit,   1836,  made 

into  a  Iwfge. 
St.  Clair,  250,  Sandusky,  1836,  for- 
merly Rhode   Island,  went  to 

decay. 
Cincinnati,    116,   Sandusky,    1836, 

made  a  vessel,  called  the  John 

F.  Porter. 
Illinois    1st,   75 s,  Detroit,    1837, 

made  a   propeller    barge    and 

lost  on  Lake  Huron  in  1868. 
Rochester,     472,     near     Fairport, 

1837,  made  a  barge,  wrecked 
at  Erie,  1852,  7  lives  lost. 

Madbon,   630,    Erie,    Pa.,    1837, 

condemned  in  1849. 
Cleveland  1st,  580,  Huron,0.,i837, 

burned  at  Tonawanda  in  1854. 
Wisconsin,  7C0,   Conneaut,   1837, 

sunk  in  Lake  Erie  by  collision. 
Erie,  497,  Erie,  Pa.,  1837,  burned 

off  Silver  Creek  in   1841,  250 

lives  lost. 
Constellation,  483,  Black  River,  O., 

1837,  broken  up. 


Bunker  Hill,  457.  Black  River,  O., 
1837,  burned  at  Tonawanda  in 
1857. 

Constitution,  44),  Conneaut,  O.. 
1837,  broken  up  at  Sandusky. 

New  England,4i6,Black  Rock,i837, 
went  to  decay  at  Buffiilo. 

Milwaukee,  400,  Grand  Island, 
1837,  wrecked  on  Lake  Michi- 
gan in  1 842. 

Anthony  Wayne,  390,  Perrysburg, 

1837,  exploded  in  1850,  broken 
up  in  1851. 

Macomb,  100,  Mt.  Clemens,  1837, 

condemned  at  Monroe. 
Rhode  Island,  164,  Sandusky,  1837, 

once  called  the  St.  Clair. 
Star,  128,  Belvidere,  Mich.,  1837, 

burned  at  Buffalo  in  1845. 
Commerce,    80,    Sandusky,    1837, 

broken  .up. 
Mason,  33,  Grand   Rapids,  1837, 

condemned. 
Great  Western,  780,   Huron,  O., 

1838,  burned   at    Detroit    in 

1839,  and  rebuilt. 

Buffalo,  61?,  Buffiilo,  1838,  made  a 

barque   in    1848,  and   lost  on 

Lake  Michigan. 
Chesapeake,  412,  Maumee,  1838, 

sunk  in  Lake  Erie  by  collision 

with  a  vessel  in  1 846. 
Vermillion,  385,  Vermillion,  1838, 

burned  at  Huron,  O.,  5  lives 

lost. 
Lexington,  263,  Black  River,  O., 

condemned. 
Fairport,     259,     Fairport,      1838, 

burned  at  Algonac  in  1844. 
Red   Jacket,    148,   Grand    Island, 

1838,  codemned  at  Detroit. 
Gen.  Vance,  75,  Perrysburg,  1838, 

exploded,    9    lives    lost,   near 

Windsor,   1844. 
Jaraes  Allen,  258,  Chicago,  1838, 

broken  up. 
Washington    2d,    380,    Ashtabula. 

1838,  burned  off  Silver  Creek 

in  .838,  60  lives  lost. 


-J  -, 


■i|«.»l»>>PWI'iyilll«|inlilJIIII1«M.|'»PWB«Wil 


64 


THE  LAKE   PORTS. 


G.  W.  Dole,  162,  Chicigo,  1838, 
sunk  at  Buffiilo  in  18 $6. 

C.  C.  Trowbridge,  52,  Kalamazoo, 
1838,  condemned  at  Milwau- 
kee. 

Marshall,  51,  Perrysburg,  1838, 
broken  up. 

Wabash,  34,  Perrysburg,  1838, 
broken   up. 

Owaskenonk,   45,    Grand    Haven, 

1838,  broken  up. 
Patronage,    56,  St.   Joseph,    1838, 

broken  np. 

Gen.  Scitt,  240,  Huron,  O.,  1839, 
sunk  in  Lake  St.  Clair  by  col- 
lision in  1848. 

Chatauque,  200,  BuiFalo,  1839,  sunk 
at  BuiGiIo  in  1848. 

Brothers,  350,  Chatham,  C.  W., 

1839,  sunk  in  River  Thames, 
1846. 

Kent,  180,  Chatham,  C.  W.,  1839, 
sunk  in  Lake  Erie  by  collision 
with  steamboat  London,  1845, 
7  lives  lost. 

Huron,  140,  Newport,  1839,  dis- 
mantled in  1848. 

Gen.  Harrison,  63,  Maumee,  1839, 
wrecked  near  Chicago,  1854. 

r^troit  ad,  350,  Newport,  1840, 
sunk  in  Saginaw  Bay  by  col- 
lision with  bark  Nucleus,  1854. 

Missouri,  612,  Erie,  Pa.,  1840, 
converted  into  a  propeller  barge 
in  1868. 

Waterloo,  100,  Black  Rock,  1840, 
wrecked  in  Georgian  Bay. 
1846. 

Indiana,  434,  Toledo,  1841,  burned 
atConneaut  in  1848. 

Ben  Franklin,  231,  Algonac,  1842, 
wrecked  at  Thunder  Bay,  1850. 

John   Owen,   230,  Detroit,   1842, 
burned    on    River    St.   Clair, 
186a 
-Nile,  600,  Detroit,  1843,  wrecked 
at  Milwaukee  in  1 840. 

Union,  64,  Black  Rock,  1843, 
broken  up  in  1850. 


Champion,    270,    Newport,    1843, 

broken  up. 
Emerald,    250,    Chippewa,     1844, 

sunk  in   Bear  Creek  in  1858. 
Empire,    1,136,   Cleveland,    1844, 

made   a    propeller    barge,  and 

lost  in   1870  on  Long  Point. 
Tecumseh,    259,    Algonac,    1844, 

wrecked  in   1850,  formerly  of 

Fairport. 
J.    Wolcott,  80,  Maumee,   burned 

1851. 
Indian  Queen,   112,  Buffalo,  1844 

wrecked  at  Dunkirk   in    1846, 

20  lives  lost. 
New  Orleans,  610,  Detroit,  1844, 

formerly    Vermillion,    lost    at 

Thunder  Bay  in  1853. 
St.   Louis,   618,   Perrysburg,   1844 

wrecked  on  Lake  Erie  in  1853. 
U.  S.  steamer  Michigan,  583,  Erie, 

Pa.,  1844,  wrecked. 
U.  S.  steamer  Alert,   133,  Buffiilo, 

1844,  wrecked. 
Niagara  2d,    1084,  Buffalo,    184;, 

burned  on   Lake    Michigan  in 

September,  1856,  60  lives  lost. 
Boston,      775,      Detroit,       1845, 

wrecked  at  Milwaukee,  Novem- 
ber 24,  1846. 
Oregon,      781,     Newport,     1845, 

burp'.d    at    Chicago   in    1849, 

vhile  laid  up. 
Troy,  547,  Maumee,  1845,  wrecked 

at  Goderich  in  i860. 
G.  P.  Griffith,  587,  Buffalo,  I845, 

burned  on  Lake  Erie  in  1850, 

250  lives  !ost. 
Superior  2d,  507,  ??rryfburg,  1845, 

wrecked  on  Lake  ooperior,  35 

lives  lost,  in  i8j6. 
Astor,  200,  Green  Bay,  1845,  con- 
demned. 
London,    456,    Chippewa,    1845, 

made  a  bark  called  Oliver  Lee, 

wrecked  in  1857. 
Helen  Strong,  353,  Monroe,  1845, 

wrecked    near     Barcelona    in 

1847,  2  lives  lost. 


Newport,    1 843, 

liippewa,  1844, 
2reeV  in  1858. 
levelind,  1 844, 
(Her  barge,  and 
n  Long  Point. 
Algonac,  1 844, 
50,  formerly  of 

faumee,   burned 

z,  Buffalo,  1844 
inkiric   in    1846, 

,  Detroit,  1844, 
nillion,  lost  at 
in  1853. 
'errysburg,  1844 
ke  Erie  in  1853. 
hig"",  583*  Erie, 
eked. 
rt,  133,  Buffiilo, 

,  Buflalo,    184s, 
ke    Michigan  in 
;6,  60  lives  lost. 
Detroit,       1845, 
Iwaukee,  Novem- 

iJewpoft,     1845, 
licago   in    1849, 

!e,  1845,  wrecked 
i860. 
J,  Buffalo,  I845, 
ke  Erie  in  1850, 

•?rry»burg,  1845, 
akc  ooperior,  35 
856. 
Bay,  1845,  con- 

hippewa,    1845, 
illed  Oliver  Lee, 

57- 

I,  Monroe,  1845, 
Barcelona    in 
ost. 


Romeo,  180,  Detroit,  1845,  made  a 

ferry  boat  in  1858  and  uken  to 

Toledo. 
Albany,  669,  Detroit,  1846,  wrecked 

at  Presque  Isle,  Lake  Huron,  in 

1853. 
Hendrick  Hudson,759,  Black  River, 

O.,  1846,  burned  at  Cleveland 

in  186a 
Louisiana,     900,      Buffalo,     1846, 

wrecked  at    Port   Burwell    in 

1857. 
Saratoga,    800,    Cleveland,    1846, 

wrecked   at    Port    Burwell    in 

»854. 
Canada,    800,     Chippewa,     1846, 

made  a  bark  and  lost  on  Lake 

Michigan  in  1855. 
Islander,  73,  Kelley's  Island,  1846. 

sunk  at  St.  Clair  Flats  by  ice  in 

1861. 
Baltic,  825,  Buffalo,  1847,  made  a 

barge  in  1863. 
Suluna,  800,  Trenton,  1847,  made 

a  barge,  and  wrecked  in  1858. 
A.  D.  Patchin,  870,  Trenton,  1847, 

wrecked  at  Skillagalee  in  1850. 
Baltimore,    500,    Monroe.     1847, 

wrecked  at  Sheboygan  in  185;. 
Diamond,  336,  Buffalo,  1847,  broken 

up  at  Detroit  in  i860. 
Pacific,  500,  Newport,  1847,  made 

a    rarge,    and    lost    on    Lake 

Michigan  in  1867. 
Ohio   ad,  600,  Cleveland,   1847, 

dismantled  at  Erie  in  1859. 
Sam  Ward,  Newport,   1847,  made 

a  barge,  and  running  yet. 
Southerner,  500,  Trenton,    1847, 

wrecked  on  Lake  Erie  in  1863. 
Arrow,  350,  Trenton,  1848,  con- 
demned in  Green  Bay  in  1863. 
Alabama,  600,  Detroit,  1848,  sunk 

near  Buffalo  in  1854. 
Franklin    Moore,    300,    Newport, 

1848,  broken  up  in  1862. 
J.  D.  Morton,  400,  Toledo,  1848, 

burned  on  River  St.  Clair  in 

1863. 


Empire  State,  1,700,  St.  Clair,  1848, 

made  a  dry  dock  at  Bufltalo  in 

1858. 
Queen  City,  1,000,  Buflnlo,  1848, 

made  a  barge,  and  lost  on  Lake 

Huron  in  1866. 
Globe,  1,300,  Detroit,  1848,  con 

verted  into  a  propeller. 
Columbia,    167,    Fairport,     1848, 

wrecked    on    Lake   Huron    in 

1866. 
Charter,  350,  Detroit,  1848,  made 

a  propeller,  and  lost  in    1854 

on  Lake  Erie. 
Albion,  133,  Maumee  City,  1848, 

broken  up  in  1865. 
John    Hollister,    300,    Perrysburg, 

1848,  burned  on  Lake  Erie, 
re-built,  and  lost  on  Lake 
Huron. 

Atlantic,  1,100,  Newport,  1849, 
sunk  at  Long  Point  by  col- 
lision, 150  lives  lost. 

Mayflower,  1,300,  Detroit,  1849, 
wrecked    at  Point  au  Pelee  in 

1854. 
Keystone     State,     Buffalo,     1849, 

foundered   on  Saginaw  Bay  in 

1 86 1,  33  lives  lost. 
Telegraph,    loi,    Truago,   Mich., 

1849,  sunk  by  collision  with 
schooner  Marquette,  1859,  on 
Lake  Erie. 

Dar^,  297,  Trenton,  1859,  dis- 
mantled in  1866. 

Dover,  81,  Port  Dover,  1855, 
wrecked  near  Port  Dover  in 
1859. 

Ocean,  900,  Newport,  1859,  made 
into  a  barge  in  1867. 

Fox,  163,  Buffiilo,  1859,  burned  at 
Newport,  Mich.,  in  1863. 

Gore,  149,  Lake  Ontario,  1859, 
dUsmantled  at  Detroit. 

May  Queen,  688,  Trenton,  1859, 
burned  at  Milwaukee  in  1866. 

Arctic,  857,  Newport,  185 1, 
stranded  on  Lake  Superior  in 
i860,  at  Huron  Island. 


r.! 


(. 


"""asHdg 


ritleaco  to  Qneber— Vie-     nr  Vletorla  8qnar«,  Bloatreal 


ChleaKo  to  Qncber— Steamboat  ■.•ndlac,  Pat-In  Bay. 


i\ 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


67 


Btreal. 


Ruby,  251,  Newport,  185 1,  broken 

up  at  Saginaw. 
Bay    City,   479,    Trenton,    185 1, 
wrecked  at  the  Clay  Banks  in 
1862. 
Buckeye  State,    1,274,   Cleveland, 

185 1,  burned   at   Buffalo,   dii- 

mantled  in  1857. 
Northerner,  514,  Cleveland,  185 1, 

sunk  in  1856  by  collision  with 

steamboat  Forest  City  on  Lake 

Huron. 
Swan,  166,  Detroit,   1851.  burned 

at   Toledo    in    1852,   and    at 

Algonac  in  1854. 
Pearl,  351,  Newport,  185 1,  broken 

up  in  1869. 
Plough  Boy,  450,  Chatham,   1851, 

re-named    the    T.    F.    Parks, 

burned  in  1870  at  Detroit. 
Mazeppa,  250,  Lake  Ontario,  185 1, 

wrecked  on  Lake  Huron  in  1 856. 
Minnesota,    749,   Maumee,     185 1, 

wrecked    at   Summer's   Island, 

Green  Bay,  1861. 
Caspian,    1,050,    Newport,    185 1, 

wrecked   at  Cleveland   pier  in 

1852. 
Lady  Klgin,  1,037,  Buffalo,  1851, 

sunk  by  collision  with  schooner 

Augusta  on  Lake  Michigan  in 

i860,  400  lives  lost. 
Iowa,  981,  Buflilo,  1852,  made  a 

propeller,  and  finally  a  barge  in 

1868,  lost  in  1869. 
Cleveland  2d,  574,  Newport,  1862, 

wrecked  at  Two  Heart  River, 

Lake  Superior,  in  1864. 
Golden  Gate,  771,  Buffiilo,    1853, 

wrecked  at  Erie  in  1856,  i  life 

lost. 
Huron  2d,  348,  Newport,  1852,  in 

commission. 
Travellf.',    603,   Newport,    1852, 

burned   at   Chicago   in    1854, 

and  at  Eagle  Harbor  in  1865. 
■Michigan  2d,  642,  Detroit,  1847, 

made  a  barge,  and  lost  on  Lake 

Erie  in  1869. 


CreKent  City,  1,740,  Buffalo,  1853, 

dismantled  in  1859. 
Queen  of  the  West,  1,851,  Buffalo, 

1853,  dismantled  in  1859. 
Mississippi,    1,829,  Buffalo,    1853, 

dismantled  in  1862. 
St.  Lawrence,  1,844,  Buflilo,  1853, 

made  a  bark,  and  wrecked  at 

Buffalo  in  1863. 
E.  K.  Collins,  950,  Newport,  1853, 

burned   at   mouth   of   Detroit 

River  in  1854,  23  lives  lost. 
Ariel,  165,  Sandusky,  1853,  burned 

opposite    Belle     Isle,    Detroit 

River,  in  1868. 
Garden  City,  450,   Buffalo,    1853, 

wrecked  near  Detour  in  1854. 
Canadian,    389,    Chatham,    1853, 

broken  up  in  1868. 
Kaloolah,     450,     Buffalo,      1853, 

wrecked    at    Saugeen  in   1862. 
J.  Whitney,  238,    Saginaw,   1853, 

made  a  barge  in  1867. 
Northern   Indiana,   1,470,    'Buffalo, 

1853,  burned  on  Lake  Erie  in 

1856,  56  lives  lost. 
Southern  Michigan,  1,470,  Buffalo, 

1853,  dismantled. 

Forester,  504,  Newport,  1853,  dis- 
mantled in  1865,  made  a  barge. 
Plymouth     Rock,     1,991,   Buffalo, 

1854,  dismantled  in  1857. 
Western  World,  i  ,000,  Bufiklo,  1 854, 

dismantled  in  1857. 
North  Star,  i,to6,  Cleveland,  1854, 

burned  in  February,   1862,  at 

Cleveland. 
Illinois    2d,  826,    Detroit,    1854, 

made  a  barge  in  1869,  and  lost 

same  year  on  Lake  Huron. 
R.  R.  Elliott,  321,  Newport,  1854, 

dismantled  in  1866  and  made  a 

barge. 
Clifton,  247,  Chippewa,  1854,  dis- 
mantle^   in     1866    at    Owen 

Sound. 
Forest  Queen,  462,  Newport,  1855, 

dismantled  in  1866  and  made  a 

barge. 


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1 


68 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


Plinet,  1,164,  Newport,  1855,  dis- 
mantled in  1866  at  Manitowoc, 
and  made  a  barge 

Island  Queen,  173,  Kelley's  Island,' 

1855,  in  commission. 
Amity,  2 1 7,  Chatham,  1856,  wreck- 
•      ed  on  Long  Point  in  1867. 
Magnet,    256,   Saginaw,    1856,   in 

commission. 
Western  Metropolis,  1,860,  Buffalo, 

1856,  made  a  bark,  and  wreck- 
ed on  Lake  Michigan  in  1864. 

City   of    Buffalo,    2,000,    Buffalo, 

1857,  made   a   propeller,  and 
burned  at  Buffalo. 

City   of  Cleveland,    788,   Buffalo, 

1857,  made  a  barge,  and  lost  on 

Lake  Erie  in  1868. 
Princess,  1 09,  A]gonac,i858,  broken 

up  in  1869. 
Olive  Branch,  89,  Detroit,  1858, 

broken  up. 
Gazelle,     422,     Newport,     1858, 

wrecked  at  Eagle  Harbor,  1870. 
Sea    Bird,    638,   Newport,    1859, 

burned    on   Lake   Michigan  in 

1868,  72  livrs  Ipst. 
Detroit  (steamship),  1,113,  Buffalo, 

1839,  made  a  propeller  in  1871. 
Milwaukee,  1,113,  (steamship),  Buf- 
falo, 1859,  wrecked  at  Grand 

Haven  in  1868. 
Bonnie  Boat,  125,  Huron,  O.,  1859, 

wrecked  at  Kincardine  in  1869. 
Comet,   385,  Newport,    i860,  in 

commission. 
Philo  Parsons,  221,  Algonac,  1861, 

at  Chicago. 
Sunbeam,  398,  Manitowoc,  1861. 

foundered  on  Lake  Superior  in 

1863,  21  lives  lost. 
Bruce,  100,  Groderich,  1862,  broken 

up. 
Emerald  2d,  249,  Algonac,  1862, 

in  commission  at  Saginaw. 
Morning  Star,  1,141,  Trenton,i862, 

sunk  in  Lake  Erie  in  July,  1862, 

by  collision  with  bark  Cortlard, 

32  lives  l6st. 


Sarah  Van  Epps,  179,  Port  How> 
ard,  1862,  in  commission. 

Susan  Ward,  359,  Detroit,  1862, 
made  a  barge  in  1870. 

Young  America,  89,  Algonac,  1862, 
in  commission. 

Stephen   Clement,   602,   Newport, 

1863,  made  a  barge  in  1869. 
Heather  Bell,  149,  Detroit,  1863, 

in  commission. 
Reindeer,  320,  Saginaw,    1863,  in 

commission. 
Silver  Spray,   269,  Port  Dalhouse, 

1864,  in  commission. 

W.  J.  Spicer,  446,  Port  Sarnia,i864, 

Grand  Trunk  Ferry. 
L.  G.  Mason,  139,  Grand  Rapids, 

1 864,  at  Saginaw. 
George   Dunlap,  358,  Green  Bay, 

1864,  plying  on  Green  Bay. 
C.    W.    Reynolds,    171,    Toledo, 

1864,  plying  at  Saginaw. 
J.  B.  Smith,    141,  Algonac,  1864, 

plying  at  Detroit. 
Wave  2d,  159,  Algonac,  1864,  ply- 
ing at  Saginaw. 
Keweenaw,  635,  Marine  City,i865, 

plying  to  Lake  Superior. 
City  of  Toledo,  362,  Toledo,  1865, 

plying  on  Lake  Michigan. 
Waubuno,i8o,Port  Robinson,  1865, 

plying  on  Georgian  Bay. 
Minnie  (flat),  242,  Saginaw,  1865. 
Gen.  Sheridan,  ioo,Clevcland,i865. 
W.  R.  Clinton,  395,  Marine  City, 

1866,  plying  to  Saginaw,  Capt. 

P.  Kenyon. 
City  of  Sandusky,  432,  Sandusky, 

1866,  plying  on  Saginaw  Bay. 
Orion,  636,  Manitowoc,  1866,  ply* 

ing  on  Lake  Michigan. 
Saginaw,  563,  Marine  City,  1866, 

plying  on  Greien  Bay. 
Evening  Star,  342,  Saginaw,  1866, 

plying  at  Sandusky. 
Mackinaw  (flat),  191,  Detroit,  1866, 

plying  on  the  river. 
Alpena,   617,   Marine  City,  1866, 

plying  on  Lake  Michigan. 


Ml 


-«% 


wm 


;79>  Port  How- 

ommiuior. 

I  Detroit,  1863, 

n  1870. 

,  Algonac,  1863, 

602,  Newport, 
barge  in  1869. 
,  Detroit,  1863, 

giniw,    1863,  in 

,  Port  Dalhouie, 

lission. 

PortSarnia,i864, 

Ferry. 

),  Grand  Rapidi, 

aw. 

558,  Green  Bay, 

>n  Green  Bay. 

1,  171,    Toledo, 
It  Saginaw. 

Algonac,  1864, 
oit. 

Igonac,  1864,  ply- 
^ 

Marine  City,  1 865, 
e  Superior. 
62,  Toledo,  1865, 
:e  Michigan, 
rt  Robinson,  1 865, 
srgian  Bay. 
>,  Saginaw,  1865. 
OtClevcland,i865. 
$95,  Marine  City, 
to  Saginaw,  Capt. 

h  432.  Sanduiky, 
on  Saginaw  Bay. 
itowoc,  1866,  ply- 
Michigan, 
arine  City,  1S66, 
eien  Bay. 

2,  Saginaw,  1866, 
dusky. 

191,  Detroit,  1 866, 
!  river. 

[arine  City,  1866, 
ke  Michigan. 


THE    LAKK    PORTS. 


69 


Marine   City,  573,   Marine   City, 

1866,  plying  to  Mackinaw. 

R.  N.  Rice,  1.030,  Detroit,  1866, 
partially  destroyed  by  fire  while 
lying  at  her  dock,  Detroit,  1877. 
Cleveland,  Capt.  McKay. 

GreatWestern,  1, 200,  Windsor,!  866 
iron  ferry  steamer  at  Detroit. 

Union,  1,000,  Windsor,  1866,  ferry 
for  railroads  at  Detroit. 

Frances  Smith,  625,  Owen  Sound, 

1867,  plies  to  and  from  Owen 
Sound.         , 

Manitowoc,  773,  Manitowoc,  1867, 
plies  on  Lake  Michigan. 

Northwest  1,100,  Manitowoc,  1867, 
plies  to  Cleveland,  Capt.  Viger. 

Dominion,  221,  Wallaceburg,  1868, 


plie*  to  Chatham,  Capt.  Stein* 

hoff*. 
Jay  Cooke,  450,  Detroit,  1868,  plies 

to  Sandusky,  Ctpt.  Goldsmith. 
Dove,  427,  Trenton,  1868,  plies  to 

Maiden,  Capt.  Sloan. 
J.  K.  White,  80,  Cleveland,  1868, 

plies  to  Toledo.  * 

Ivanhoe,  323,  Buffalo,   1869,  plies 

Niagara  River. 
Manitoba,    800,     Port    Robinson, 

1871,  plies  to  CoUingwood  and 

Lake  Superior. 
Cumberland,  750,  Port  Robinson, 

1871,  plies  to  CoUingwood  and 

Lake  Superior. 
North  Sur,  300,  Green  Bay,  1871, 

plies  on  Green  Bay  route. 


There  were  several  others  which  plied  to  and  from  Detroit,  of  the 
smaller  class,  not  noted  in  the  above.  The  following  brief  mention 
of  steamers  was  omitted  in  the  foregoing :  The  Cynthia,  a  small 
steamer  plying  between  Chatham  and  Maiden,  was  burned  near  the 
latter  port  in  1838.  The  O.  H.  Perry  (small),  burned  at  Sandusky 
in  1869.  The  J.  P.  Ward,  one  hundred  and  sixty-seven  tons,  built  at 
Detroit  in  1857,  burned  at  Bay  City  in  1865,  and  her  bottom  built  into 
a  vessel.  The  steamers  Reindeer  and  Freetrader  (both  pollywogs), 
Canadian  boats,  were  lost  in  1857.  The  former  was  wrecked  at  Big 
.Point  Au  Sable,  Lake  Michigan,  and  twenty-three  lives  lost ;  the  lat- 
ter was  burned  at  Port  Stanley,  C.  W.  The  Fremont  was  burned  at 
Sandusky  in  1858.  The  Sebastopol,  built  at  Cleveland  in  1854  or  '55, 
was  wrecked  at  Milwaukee  in  1855 ;  and  the  Canada  2d  wrecked  at  Bar 
Point,  Lake  Erie,  and  was  burned  previously  on  River  St.Clair,  in  1855. 
The  steamer  America,  built  at  Port  Huron,  and  about  six  hundred  tons, 
was  wrecked  on  the  rocks  at  Dunkirk,  in  1854.  The  steamer  Bruce 
Mines  foundered  on  Lake  Huron,  and  one  life  was  lost.  The  Belle, 
a  small  boat  built  at  Buffalo,  and  first  commanded  by  Captain  Frank 
Perew,  was  wrecked  on  Georgian  Bay,  in  1853.  The  Telegraph  No. 
2,  formerly  a  lower  lake  boat,  was  burned  at  the  head  of  Lake  Erie, 
in  1852;  and  a  Canadian  steamer,  the  Queen  Victoria,  wrecked  at 
the  head  of  Niagara  river,  in  185 1.  A  steamer  called  the  Atlas  was 
wrecked  near  Grand  River,  C.  W.,  in  185 1,  and  the  Wave  ist,  built 
at  Detroit,  wrecked  near  the  same  place,  same  year.  The  Colonel 
Crockett  was  lost  near  St.  Joseph,  in  1834.  Of  her  career  we  know 
nothing ;  she  was  of  the  smaller  class.  The  Mazeppa  3d  was  brought 
from  Lake  Ontario  in  1S56,  and  was  shortly  after  wrecked  on  Lake 
Huron.  In  1847,  a  steamer  called  the  Experiment,  brought  from 
Lake  Ontario,  navigated  Lake  Erie,  and  was  broken  up  on  the 
Detroit  river  a  few  years  since.     In  1848,  the  Dispatch  came  from 


fW 


$^tm 


H"  V 


70 


THE   LAKE  TORTS. 


the  lower  lake,  and  plied  on  Lake  Erie,  and  eventually  became  a  tug 
on  the  rivers.     She  was  broken  up  at  Chatham,  in  i860. 

The  introduction  of  propellers  on  the  northern  lakes  was  firsl  inau- 
gurated by  the  arrival  on  Lake  Erie,  early  in  1843,  of  the  Vandalia,  a 
sloop-rigged  craft,  built  at  Oswego,  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  tons  bur- 
den.   Since  that  date  upward  of  seven  hundred  have  been  set  afloat  on 
the  upper  and  lower  lakes.     In  1842,  the  Chicago  and  Oswego,  each 
dne  hundred  and  fifty  tons  burden,  were  built  at  Oswego.      The 
first  built  upon  the  upper  lakes  were  the  Hercules  and  Sampson, 
the  former  at  Buffalo  and  the  latter  at  Perrysburg;  the  Hercules 
was  two  hundred  and  seventy-five  tons,  the  Sampson  two  hundred 
and  fifty  tons  burden.     The  Emigrant  came  out  same  year  at  Cleve- 
land, two  hundred  and  seventy-five  ^ons,  and  the  Itidependence  at 
Chicago,  two  hundred  and  sixty-two  tons.     The  Racine  and  New 
York  also  came  out  that  year  at  Oswego.     In  1844,  the  Porter,  three 
hundred  and  ten  tons,  at  Buffalo.     In  1845  were  the  following:  The 
Syracuse,  of  Oswego ;  Henry  Clay,  of  Dexter ;  Ireland,  of  Kingston ; 
Oregon,  of  Cleveland ;  Princeton,  of  Perrysburg ;  Phoenix,  of  Cleve- 
land ;  and   Detroit,  of  Detroit.     The  tonnage  of  these  last  named 
was  from  three  hundred  to  four  hundred  tons.     In  1846  the  follow- 
ing were  commissioned :  The  Jatnes  Wood,   of  Dexter ;   Genessee 
Chief,  of  Rochester;    Milwaukee,  formerly  Vandalia,  of  Oswego; 
Ontario,  of  Rochester ;  Pocahontas,  of  Buffalo ;  California,  of  Buffalo ; 
St.  Joseph,  of  Buffalo ;   Earl  Cathcart,  of  Maiden ;  Queen  of  the 
West,  of  Maiden;    T,ady  of  the  Lake,  of  Cleveland;    Oneida,  of 
Cleveland ;  Goliah,  of  Palmer,  Mich.;  Delaware  of  Black  River,  O.; 
Globe,  of  Maumee  City ;  Odd  Fellow,  of  Grand  River,  Mich. ;  and 
Cleveland,   of  Cleveland.      The   tonnage    of  these   boats   ranged 
about  the  same  as  the  hist  named.     In   1847,  the  Paugasset,  Man- 
hattan and  Boston  were  all  commissioned  at  Cleveland ;  tonnage, 
respectively  three  hundred  and  twenty,  three  hundred  and  thirty 
and  three  hundred  and  fifty.     In  1848  the  Gen.  Taylor,  Sandusky, 
Montezuma  and  Charter  Oak  came  out  at  Buffalo  (the  latter  pre- 
viously a  vessel) ;  the  Republic,  Monticello  and  Ohio,  at  Cleveland. 
The  following  propellers  have  passed  out  of  existence.     There  being 
several  years  during  which  no  lake  records  were  published,  we  make 
no  attempt  to  furnish  complete  details  : 


Goliah,  burned  on  Lake  Huron  in 
1848,  and  18  lives  lost. 

Monticello,  wrecked  on  Lake  Supe- 
rior in  185 1. 

Henry  Clay,  cargo  of  flour,  rolled 
over  in  Lake  Erie  in  1851. 

Vandalia  (Canadian),  sunk  by  col- 
lision with  schooner  Fashion  in 
Lake  Erie  in  185 1. 

Ireland,  burned  on  the  St.  Lawrence 
River  in  185  a. 


City  of  Oswego,  sunk  by  collision 

with  steamboat  America  on  Lake 

Erie  in  1852. 
Sampson,  cargo  of   flour,   wrecked 

near  Buffalo  in  1852. 
Oneida,cargooffioar,capsizcdoflTSrie 

inScptember,i852,alllost,iolive8. 
James  Wood,  cargo  of  flour,  wrecked 

at  Ashtabula  in  1852. 
Genessee,  burned  at  Rochester,  L, 

0.,in  1852. 


^1 


r«aE!!Eai.^sf®8a)fBK^S9B^^ 


y  became  a  tug 
60. 

8  was  first  inau- 
the  Vandalia,  a 
d  fifty  tons  bur- 
;en  set  afloat  on 
i  Osweyo,  each 
Oswego.      The 

and  Sampson, 
the  Hercules 

I  two  hundred 
;  year  at  Cleve- 
idependence  at 
ine  and  New 
He  Porter,  three 
following:  The 

d,  of  Kingston ; 
oenix,  of  Cleve- 
ese  last  named 
846  the  foUow- 
xter;   Genessee 

of  Oswego; 
rnia,  of  Buffalo ; 
Queen  of  the 
nd;  Oneida,  of 
Black  River,  O.; 
ver,  Mich. ;  and 
;  boats  ranged 
Paugasset,  Man- 
eland;  tonnage, 
ired  and  thirty 
lylor,  Sandusky, 
(the  latter  pre- 
10,  at  Cleveland. 

e.  There  being 
ilished,  we  make 


sunk  by  collision 
:  America  on  Lake 

1'  flour,  wrecked 
1  1852. 

ir,capsized  oiTErie 
)52,alllost,i()lives. 
>of  flour,  wrecked 
n  1852. 
at  Rochester,  L. 


<'blraKu  to  «|a«ker-l<aval  Vnlversltir  «u4  Grand  Ballcrrt  <|H«k«r. 


Cklcavo  to  4|aekee— WolfiB*a  MoMMnentf  aear  <|««b«c. 


:,.*ije.'-a-,j''u».«»-'j-" ""'I  ujiiiiiii  III 


mfmmmttmm'itlmtmtmi 


■iMttaWMta 


■ia«tt*«jt> 


T 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


Princeton,  cargo  of  merchandiie, 
lunk  off  Barcelona  in  1854. 

H.  A.  Kent,  burned  off  Gravelly 
Bay,  Lake  Erie,  in  1854. 

Bucephalus,  foundered  on  Saginaw 
Bay  in  1854,  10  lives  lost. 

Bostdn,  sunk  by  collision  with  a  ves* 
sel  on  Lake  Ontario  in  1854. 

International,  burned  at  Black  Rock, 
N.  v.,  in  1854. 

Cincinnati,  went  ashore  in  a  gale  at 
Point  au  Barque  in  1854. 

Westmoreland,  foundered  near  the 
Manitous,  Lake  Michigan,  in 
1854, 17  lives  lost. 

Rossiter,  lost  in  a  gale  at  head  of 
Lake  Michigan  in  1855. 

Charter  Oak,  foundered  in  Lake 
Erie  in  1855,  11  lives  lost. 

Delaware,  wrecked  in  a  gale  at  She- 
boygan in  1855,  10  lives  lost. 

Pintry,  exploded  off  Port  Stanley  in 
1856, 10  lives  lost. 

Forest  City,  sunk  in  Lake  Michigan 
by  collision  with  schooner  Asia 
in  1855. 

Oregon,  exploded  head  o''  Detroit 
River  in  1855,  17  lives  lost. 

Independence,  wrecked  at  the  Sault 
in  1853. 

Lord  Elgin,  wrecked  on  Lake  On- 
tario in  1856. 

St.  Joseph,  ashore  and  total  loss  at 
Fairport  in  1856. 

Sandusky,  ashore  at  Conneaut  in 
1856. 

J.  W.  Brooks,  foundered  on  Lake 
Ontario  in  1856,  all  lost — 32 
lives. 

Phoeniz,  burned  on  Lake  Michigan 
November,  1856,  190  lives  lost. 

B.  L.  Webb,  burned  on  Lake  Supe- 
rior in  1856,  I  life  lost. 

Brun8wick,foundered  on  Lake  Mich- 
igan in  1856,  I  life  loat. 

rinto,  burned  at  Kingston,  Lake 
Ontario,  in  1856. 

Charter,  wrecked  in  a  g^le  at  Fair- 
port  in  1856. 


Paugassctt,  burned   at  Dunkirk  in 

1856. 
Protection,  sunk  by  steamer  Boston, 

on  River  St.  Lawrence,  1856. 
Toledo  ist,  foundered  at  her  anch- 
ors off  Port  Wuhington,  1856, 

43  lives  lost. 
Falcon,  burned  at  Chicago  in  1856. 
Louisville,    burned  off  Chicago  in 

1857, 1  life  lost. 
Republic,  burned  at  Sandusky,  1857. 
Oliver  Cromweil,  sunk  in  the  Straits 

by  collision  with  the  schooner 

Jessie  in  1857. 
City  of  Superior,  wrecked  at  Eagle 

Harbor,  1857. 
Napoleon,    wrecked     at    Saugeen, 

Lake  Huron,  in  1857. 
St.  Nicholas,  wrecked  at  Sleeping 

Bear  in  1857. 
Forest  Citv,  burned  at  Port  Stanley, 

C.  W.',  in  1858. 
Indiana,  sunk  in  Lak(^  Superior  in 

1858. 
North  America,  burned  at  St.  Clair 

Flats  in  1858. 
Ontario,  went  to  California  in  1850. 
Manhattan,     wrecked     at     Grand 

Marias  River,   Lake   Superior, 

in  1859. 
Oriental,  cargo  of  provisions,  lost 

on  Skillagalee,  with  3  wrecking 

pumps,  in  1859. 
Troy,    foundered    with    cargo    of 

wheat  on  Lake  Huron  in  1859, 

23  lives  lost. 
Ohio,  exploded  and  sunk  off  Erie 

in  1859,  2  lives  lost. 
Milwaukee,  sunk  by  collision  with 

(chooner  J.  H.  Tiflfany  in  1859, 

near  Skillagalee. 
Lady  of  the  Lakes,  exploded  and 

sunk  in  Lake  Erie  in  1859,  2 

lives  lost. 
Peninsula,  wrecked  on  Lake  Huron 

in  1853. 
M.  B.  Spiulding,  burned  at  Forester, 

L.  H.,  in    i860,  bottom  made 

into  a  vetsel. 


r~^t*=!-'™  fs/;ii,fjJ-;>-;ti;  = 


at  Dunkirk  in 

■(earner  Boiton, 
ivrence,  1856. 
rd  at  her  anch- 
uhington,  1856* 

hicago  in  1856. 
oiF  Chicago  in 

Sanduiky,  1857. 
jnk  in  the  Straits 
:h  the  schooner 

recked  at  Eagle 

d     at    Saugeen, 

I  1857. 

ked  at  Sleeping 

i  at  Port  Stanley, 

I. 

«ke  Superior  in 

rued  at  St.  Clair 

ilifornia  in  1850. 

ked    at     Grand 

Lake   Superior, 

provisions,  lost 
with  3  wrecking 

with    cargo    of 
E  Huron  in  1859, 

)d  sunk  off  Erie 

I  lost. 

by  collision  with 

Tiffany  in  1859, 

e. 

»,  exploded  and 

Erie  in  1859,  2 

1  on  Lake  Huron 

iirned  at  Forester, 
So,  bottom  made 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


73 


Mount  Vernon,  exploded  on  Lake 

Erie  in  i860,  2  lives  lost. 
Globe   (formerly   side   wheel),   ex- 

ftloded  at  Chicago  in  i860,  16 
ives  lost. 
Wabash  Valley,  stranded  at  Mus- 
kegon in  i860. 
Decotah,     wrecked     at      Sturgeon 
Point,  L.  E.,  in  i860,  and  all 
lost,  35  lives. 
Jersey  City,  lost   by  same  storm, 

with  19  lives. 
Ogontz,  converted  into  a  vessel  in 

i860. 
Cataract,  burned  off*  Erie,  Pa.,  in 

1861,  4  lives  lost. 
L.  L.  Britton,  stranded  off  Calumet, 

Lake  Michigan,  in  1861. 
Banshee,  sprung  a  leak  and  sunk  oft 
South    Bay,  Lake   Ontario,  in 
1861,  I  life  lost. 
Oshawa,  went  ashore  at  South  Bay, 

Lake  Ontario,  in  1861. 
Gen.  Taylor,  wrecked  at  Sleeping 
Bear,  Lake  Michigan,  in  1863. 
Bay  State,  sunk  in  Lake  Ontario  in 

1863,  all  hands  lost,  23  lives. 
Pocahontas,  wrecked  at  Long  Point, 

Lake  Erie,  in  1863. 
Euphrates,  wrecked  on  Sandusky 

Bar  in  1863. 
C.   Mears,  sunk   by  collision  with 
propeller  Prairie  State  in  Lake 
Michigan  in  1862. 
B.  P.  Bruce,  burned  near  Port  Stan- 
ley, Lake  Erie,  in  1862. 
California,  wrecked  on  Gull  Island 

Reef,  Lake  Erie,  in  i86a. 
Jeflteraon,  dismantled   at   Cleveland 

in  1863. 
Detroit  ist,  dismantled  and  made  a 

barge  in  1863. 
Globe    1st,  burned    and    sunk   in 
Saginaw   Bay  in   1863,   raur- 
rected  and  made  a  barge. 
Vermont,  sunk    in   Lake  Erie  by 
collision   with   propeller  Mar- 
quette in  1863. 
Water  Witch,  lost  in  Lake  Huron, 


near    Sarnia   in 


with  all  hands,  in  1863,  30  lives 
lost. 

Nile,  exploded  at  Detroit  dock  in 
1864,  6  lives  lost. 

Racine,  burned  off  Rond  Eau,  1864, 
bottom  made  a  bark,  9  lives 
lost. 

Sciota,  sunk  in  Lake  Erie  by  col- 
lision with  propeller  Arctic,  in 
1864,  9  lives  lost. 

Ogdensburg,  sunk  in  Lake  Erie  by 
collision  with  schooner  Snow- 
bird in  1864. 

Kenosha,   burned 
1864. 

Pewabic,  sunk  in  Lake  Huron  by 
collision  with  propeller  Meteor 
in  1864,  ICO  lives  lost. 

Illinois,  sunk  at  Point  au  Pelee  by 
collision  with  propeller.  Dean 
Richmond  in  1865. 

Stockman,  bjrned  at  Bear  Creek  in 

1865. 
Brockville,  wrecked  at  Big  Point  au 

Sable,  Lake  Michigan,  in  1865, 

3  lives  lost. 
City  of  Buffalo,  burned  at  Bufliilo 

in  1866. 
Mary  Stewart,  wrecked  at  Grand 

Haven,  1866. 
Whitby,  lost  on  Lake  St.  Francis, 

1866. 
-F.  W.Backus,burned  at  Racine,i866. 
Wisconsin,  burned  on  Lake  Onurio, 

1867,  50  lives  lost. 
Acme,  wrecked  in  gale  off  Dunkirk, 

1867. 
North,  burned  on  River  St.  Clair, 

1867. 
Antelope,  burned  at  BuAlo,  1867, 

made  a  steam  barge. 
Portsmouth,  wrecked    on    Middle 

Island,  Lake  Huron,  1867. 
Owego,    wrecked    off    Barcelona, 

1867,  5  lives  lost. 
Sunnyside,  wrecked  at  Pine  River, 

Mich.,  1867. 
Genesee  Chief,  burned  at  Detroit, 

1868,  made  a  barge. 


'    :     ! 


IP 


iii 


i 


iiiiii!jjmmii!ij.Mt',ii;.u,iiiiiiiM' 


!  i 


ISp 


74 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


Gov.  Cushman,  exploded  at  Buffalo, 

1868,  12  lives  lose. 

River  Queen,  burned  at  Marine 
City,  1868,  made  a  tug. 

Hippocampus,  burned  on  Lake 
Michigan,  1868,  26  lives  lost. 

Perseverance,  burned  on  Lake  On- 
tario, 1868, 14  lives  losu 

Congress  (formerly  Detroit  2d), 
wre.ked  at  Thunder  Bay,  1868. 

Queen  of  the  Lakes,  burned  at 
Marquette,  1869. 

Boscobel,  burned  on  River  St.  Clair, 

1869,  3  lives  lost,  built  up  from 
bottom  into  schooner,  owned  by 
Com.  E.  Allen,  Algonac. 

Forest  Queen,  sunk  by  ice  off  Clay 

Banks,  1869. 
Omar  Pasha,  burned  at  Muskegon, 

1869. 
Avon,  wrecked  at  Presque  Isle,  Lake 

Huron,  1869. 
Hunter,  sunk  by  collision  with  pro- 


peller Comet  in  Detroit  River, 
1869. 

Belle,  burned  off  Port  Washington, 
1869,  2  lives  lost. 

Colonist,  sunk  in  Lake  Huron,  with 
valuable  cargo,  1869. 

Equator,  wrecked  at  North  Mani- 
tou,  Lake  Michigan,  1869. 

Free  State,  wrecked  on  Graham 
Shoals,  1871,  valuable  cargo. 

Anna  Horton,  wrecked  at  Kincar- 
dine, 1871. 

R.  G.  Coburn,  foundered  on  Sagi- 
naw Bay,  1871,  valuable  cargo, 
42  lives  lost. 

Navarino  (new),  burned  at  Chicago, 
1871. 

Evergreen  City,  wrecked  at  Long 
Point,  1871. 

Alex.  Watson,  burned  on  River  St. 
Clair,  1871. 

J.  Barber,  burned  on  Lake  Michi- 
gan, 1871,  2  lives  lost. 


From  the  foregoing,  which,  as  previously  stated,  mentions  those 
only  which  have  become  extinct,  and  by  no  means  includes  all,  owing 
to  absent  records,  including  1870,  of  which  no  report  was  given.  In 
the  foregoing  we  omitted  to  give  the  Independence,  wrecked  on  Lake 
Superior  in  1853.  From  the  above  exhibit,  it  appears  there  were 
forty-five  propellers  burned,  ten  lost  with  all  hands,  seven  exploded, 
and  one  hundred  and  twenty  total  losses,  besides  five  hundred  and 
forty-four  lives  lost. 


■^iL 


|in  Detroit  River, 
*ort  Washington, 

St. 

-ake  Huron,  with 
I,  1869. 

at  North  Mani- 
[chigan,  1869. 

cd    on    Graham 

iluable  cargo, 
icked  at  Kincar- 

undered  on  Sagi-  ' 
I,  valuable  cargo, 

urncd  at  Chicago, 

wrecked  at  Long 

rned  on  River  St. 

on  Lake  Michi- 
ves  lost. 

,  mentions  those 
icludes  all,  owing 
t  was  given.  In 
wrecked  on  Lake 
pears  there  were 
seven  exploded, 
ve  hundred  and 


mmii 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


75 


EARLY  LAKE  NAVIGATORS 


lUR  brief  narrative  of  marine  events  would  by  no  means  be  com- 
plete without  at  least  a  passing  notice  of  the  lake  navigators  of 
earlier  times,  many  if  not  nearly  all  now  gone  to  their  final  rest. 
We  much  regret  our  inability  to  present  this  portion  of  the  work  in 
complete  detail,  but  owing  to  the  incompleteness  of  the  records  of  lake 
events  in  the  past,  we  must  content  ourselves  by  giving  an  abstract. 

The  steamboat  men  of  the  earlier  times  are  at  present  limited  to  a 
comparative  few,  many  having  died  within  the  past  few  years.  Below  we 
give  a  list  of  the  names  of  some  who  were  most  prominent  as  navigat- 
ors and  shipping  men  generally ;  many  of  them  are  still  with  us,  but 
the  names  of  some  long  since  departed  will  be  recognized  by  the 
readers  of  these  pages.    The  command  of  the  first  steamer,  the  Walk- 
in-the- Water,  devolved  on  Capt.  Job  Fish,  an  imported  man  from 
the  East,  whose  knowledge  of  lake  navigation  did  not  extend  very 
far,  and  who  resigned  his  post  on  encountering  the  first  gale,  which 
occurred  on  his  third  or  fourth    trip,   and  delivered  over  the  safe 
management  of  the  vessel  to  John  Davis,  his  mate,  before  reaching 
port.     Jedediah  Rogers  subsequently  commanded  her  to  the  close 
of  her  career.     The  Superior,  being  the  second  steamer  on  the  lakes, 
was  placed  in  command  of  Capt.  Roger  Sherman,  who,  although  im- 
ported, as  was  the  case  of  Fish,  proved  himself  equal  to  the  position, 
and  continued  as  master  of  the  *me  boat  two  or  more  seasons,  when 
he  returned  from  whence  he  came.     Capt.  W.  T.  Pease,  who  comes 
next  on  the  list,  commanded  respectively  the  Niagara  ist.  Pioneer, 
Superior,  Niagara  2d,  and  others  at  a  latter  pei..d,  including  the 
Boston.     He  was  also  at  one  time  master  of  the  schooner  Michigan, 
which  subsequently  was  sent  over  Niagara  Falls.     He  is  yet  living 
and  a  resident  of  Buffalo.      Capt.  L.  H.  Cotton  commanded  the  first 
steamer  that  ever  towed  a  vessel  up  the  Fort  Erie  Rapids,  the  steam- 
er being  the  Monroe,  and  the  vessel  the  ship  Milwaukee.     Capt.  C. 
also,  during  a  very  lengthy  and  popular  career,  was  master  of  the 
steamers  Ohio  rst,  Pennsylvania,  D.  Webster,  Oregon,  Baltic,  An- 
thony Wayne,  and  latterly  the  mammoth  steamer  Western  World. 
At  an  early  period  of  his  life,  in  1835  if  we  mistake  not,  he  fitted  out 
the  brig  Queen  Charlotte,  which,  during  the  war  of  1812,  was  cap- 
tured from  the  British,  and  for  many  years  lay  sunk  at   Erie,  Pa. 
Capt.  David  Wilkeson,  commenced  (as  did  those  previously  named, 
except  Sherman  and  Fish)  his  career  in  command  of  sail  vessels.     We 
learn  of  his  commanding  the  schooners  Eagle  and  Gurnere,  his  first 
steamer  being  the  Commodore  Perry,  of  which  he  remained  master 
until  the  close  of  her  career,  when  himself  and  others  caused  to  be 


|,!,i  < 


II 


r,  J. 

I 


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B^JMMaWilllllllllllll LJUUlJIWMliiipli|..li.. 


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76 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


built  the  Superior  2d,  which  he  commanded  for  seveial  years.  Capt. 
C.  L.  Gager,  is  also  among  our  early  lake  men,  and  was  with  Capt. 
Levi  Allen,  James  Harrington,  Loring  Pierce,  and  John  Kimberly  on 
the  Walk-in-the- Water  as  seamen  comprising  her  crew.  He  was  ab- 
sent from  the  lakes  for  several  years,  and  on  his  return  bought  the 
steamer  Red  Jacket  and  sailed  her,  then  the  Gen.  Porter,  which  he 
converted  into  a  propeller,  and  afterwards  the  Albany.  Capt.  Wal- 
ter Norton,  many  years  deceased  at  Buflalo,  was  among  the  early 
pioneers,  and  first  commanded  sail  vessels,  among  which  was  the 
schooner  Michigan  already  alluded  to.  He  sailed  the  steamers  Hen- 
ry Clay,  Gen.  Porter  and  Michigan.  Capt.  Geo.  Miles  commanded 
vessels  for  several  years,  among  others  the  Erie,  which  during  a 
fearful  gale  got  dismasted  on  Lake  Erie  and  came  near  being  lost 
with  all  hands.  He  afterward  sailed  the  steamboat  Enterprise 
somewhere  in  the  years  1834-5,  and  died,  we  believe,  several  years 
since  at  Erie.  Capt.  John  F.  Wight  commanded  the  Wm.  Penn,  and 
subsequently  the  Chicago.  He  died  some  years  since  at  Erie.  Capt. 
Harry  Whittaker  was  not  only  prominent  as  a  steamboat  navigator, 
but  also  a  builder  of  steamboats,  and  through  the  intrigues  of  others 
has  had  his  fortune  wrecked  on  more  than  one  occasion.  At  an  early 
day  he  sailed  the  schooner  Marie  Antoinette,  then  the  steamers  North 
America,  Monroe,  United  States  and  A.  D.  Patchin.  What  was 
never  previously  nor  since  achieved,  he  navigated  with  the  steamer 
United  States  throughout  the  winter  of  1845,  between  Buffalo  and 
Detroit.  Capt.  Morris  Tyler  was  also  a  vessel  man  at  the  first,  and 
in  1 83 1 -2  sailed  the  schooner  Cincinnati,  and  others  previous  to  that 
time.  He  also  commanded  the  steamers  Ohio  ist,  Dan.  Webster  and 
James  Allen.  He  last  sailed  the  brig  Columbia,  which  he  built  and 
owned.  He  died  at  his  residence  in  Lower  Sandusky  somewhere  about 
the  year  1845.  Capt.  John  Fleehafty  commanded  vessels  at  first, 
then  steamers  Wm.  Peacock  and  Pennsylvania,  and  on  his  retirement 
went  into  the  forwarding  business  at  Huron,  Ohio,  and  subsequently 
at  Buffalo,  where  he  died  a  few  years  since.  Capt.  Chesiey  Blake 
died  at  Milwaukee,  with  cholera,  in  1849.  He  commanded  the 
schooners  Hannah,  Napoleon  and  others;  also,  steamers  Niagara, 
Michigan  and  Illinois.  Capt.  Augustus  Walker  was  probably  one  of 
the  most  prominent  navigators  in  aiding  and  furthering  steamboat 
interests  that  ever  sailed  the  lakes.  He  built  the  steamers  Sheldon 
Thompson,  Washington  ist,  Columbus  and  Great  Western,  and  first 
commanded  the  steamer  United  States,  and  subsequently  the  others 
herein  named.  The  Western  was  the  first  steamer  on  the  laker  pro- 
vided with  upper  cabins.  Capt.  W.  died  at  Buffalo,  in  1865,  aged  6^. 
Capt.  Levi  Allen,  one  of  the  mbst  popular  lake  men  throughout  his 
sailinji  career,  commanded  respectively  the  steamers  United  States, 
Superior,  Pennsylvania,  Buffalo  and  Niagara  2d.  He  still  resides  at 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.  Captain  Archibald  Allen  died  several  years  since,  at 
Black  Rock,  N.  Y.  Among  other  craft  he  commanded  during  his 
time  were  the  steamers  Michigan  and  Nile.  Capt.  Simeon  Fox  will 
be  remembered  by  many  acquainted  with  early  lake  events     He 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


77 


1  years.     Capt. 
was  with  Capt. 
in  Kimberly  on 
He  was  ab- 
irn  bought  the 
orter,  which  he 
Capt.  VVal- 
nong  the  early 
which  was  the 
steamers  Hen- 
es  commanded 
irhich   during  a 
near  being  lost 
>oat  Enterprise 
e,  several  years 
Wm.  Penn,  and 
at  Erie.     Capt, 
iboat  navigator, 
rigues  of  others 
in.     At  an  early 
steamers  North 
lin.      What  was 
rith  the  steamer 
;en  Buffalo  and 
at  the  first,  and 
previous  to  that 
an.  Webster  and 
ich  he  built  and 
omewhere  about 
vessels  at  first, 
n  his  retirement 
id  subsequently 
.  Chesley  Blake 
:ommanded   the 
lamers  Niagara, 
probably  one  of 
:ring  steamboat 
eamers  Sheldon 
'estern,  and  first 
ently  the  others 
n  the  lakeff  pro- 
n  1865,  aged  65. 
throughout  his 
United  States, 
;  still  resides  at 
1  years  since,  at 
tded  during  his 
iimeon  Fox  will 
ke  events      He 


served  on  board  sail  craft  the  greater  part  of  his  time,  and  at  one 
period  sailed  the  schooner  Amaranth.  He  also  commanded  the 
steamboats  Charles  Townsend  and  Chautauque,the  latter  when  plying 
between  Buffalo  and  Barcelona.  He  died  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  many 
years  since.  Capt.  Peter  Shainholdts  served  as  first  officer  on  the 
steamboat  Superior,  along  with  Pease,  and  in  the  same  capacity  for 
several  years  on  different  boats.  He  commanded  the  steamer  Cin- 
cinnati, between  Buffalo  and  Chippewa,  for  a  time,  and  the  Charles 
Townsend,  between  Buffalo  and  Detroit.  He  died  at  Buffalo,  some- 
where in  1847  01^  '4^-  Capt.  Thomas  Wilkins  was  a  man  unsurpassed 
in  popularity  by  any  who  ever  came  before  or  after  him.  In  con- 
nection with  his  duties,  he  always  maintained  the  strictest  sobriety  in 
the  performance  of  the  same.  He  was  the  popular  commander  of 
the  steamers  Wm.  Peacock,  Thos.  Jefferson,  and  Missouri,  and  after 
retiring  from  the  lakes  served  faithfully  for  several  years,  and  up  to 
the  time  of  his  decease,  as  Collector  of  Customs  at  Erie,  Pa.  He  died 
in  1870.  Capt,  Sam.  Chase,  long  since  dead,  commanded  in  his  day 
the  steamer  Ohio  ist,  also  the  Gov.  Marcy  and  the  Monroe.  Capt. 
Charles  Burnett  (familiarly  known  as  Buck  Burnett)  commanded  the 
steamers  Ohio  ist  and  the  New  England.  He  also  in  earlier  times 
commanded  vessels.  After  his  retirement  from  the  lakes  he  was 
appointed  Harbor  Master  at  Buffalo,  and  proved  an  excellent  officer, 
"dc  '•d,  like  most  all  sailors,  very  poor.  Capt,  James  Lundy  com- 
niu  '\:s  career  on  board   sail   vessels,   and,   among  others,   we 

rei  no  his  connection  with  the  schooners  Detroit,  Maria  and 
othc»i«,  also,  steamers  Pennsylvania,  Cleveland  ist,  Uncle  Sam,  Con- 
stellation, Rochester,  Baltic,  City  of  Cleveland,  and  others  we  do  not 
call  to  mind.  He  was  a  man  of  strict  habits  and  always  popular. 
Bob  Wagstaff,  as  he  was  familiarly  called,  will  not  soon  be  forgotten 
by  many.  He  commanded  the  first  and  finest  ship  ever  on  the  lakes, 
the  Julia  Palmer,  in  1836.  He  was  also  a  steamboat  man  tor  many 
years  of  his  life,  and  not  long  since  ,died  in  New  York.  Capt. 
Charles  C,  Stannard  commanded  the  brig  Ramsay  Crooks,  on  Lake 
Superior,  also  the  steamboats  Niagara,  Bunker  Hill  and  Saratoga, 
and  died  at  "the  bells,"  on  board  the  Western  World,  on  leaving  the 
dock  at  Detroit,  in  1856,  Capt.  A.  E.  Hart  commanded  steamers 
United  States,  Cleveland  ist,  propellers  Oregon  and  Edith.  Previous 
to  steamboating  he  sailed  the  schooner  Buffalo  and  others.  His 
brother,  Capt.  Robert  Hart,  deceased  at  Buffalo,  sailed  at  an  early 
day  the  sloop  Wm,  Tell  and  other  vessels,  also  steamer  Robert  Ful- 
ton and  propeller  Paugassett, 

The  steamer  Chippewa,  built  at  Buffalo,  without  frames,  with  the^ 
shape  or  model  of  a  muskmelon,was  sailed  by  Captain  Benjamin 
Armstrong,  who  also  commanded  the  schooners  Sterling  and  Britan- 
nia, besides  other  craft,  Capt.  G.  Appleby  sailed  the  schooner  New 
Connecticut,  which  capsized  in  Lake  Erie,  and  three  days  afterward 
a  woman  was  rescued  from  the  cabin  alive,  which  was  conceded 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  events  of  the  times.  He  also  com- 
manded the  steamers  North  America,  Constitution,  Ben.  Franklin  and 


J 


-  ijii.iw.i  iiminiBHii 


■'1 


frr 


78 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


Sultana.  He  died  at  Buffalo,  in  1867.  Capt.  Thomas  J.  Titus  rom- 
menced  his  career  on  sail  vessels,  commanding  the  schooners  A  urora. 
United  States  and  others.  He  also  sailed  the  steamers  Ohio  ist, 
Sandusky,  Erie,  Buffalo,  Queen  City  and  Julia  Palmer.  His  last 
command  was  that  of  the  propeller  Monticello,  and  while  on  Lake 
Michigan  was  drowned  from  the  small  boat  while  attempting  to 
land.  Capt.  H.  Van  Allen  was  deservedly  one  of  the  most 
popular  men  navigating  the  lakes,  in  whom  the  qualities  of  the  sailor 
and  gentleman  were  combined.  His  sailing  career  began  on  the 
Canada  side,  and  we  remember  him  on  board  the  steamers  Thames, 
Kent,  Emerald,  London,  Canada  and  Clifton ;  also,  on  the  American 
side,  on  board  the  Mayflower  and  Empire  State,  two  of  the  finest 
steamers  that  ever  floated.  The  steamer  Thames  was  also  at  one 
time  commanded  by  Capt.  G.  R.  Williams,  plying  between  Buffalo 
and  Port  Stanley,  C.  W.  Capt.  S.  F.  Atwood  ranks  also  among  the 
first  navigators  on  the  lakes  widely  and  favorably  known.  Besides 
sail  vessels,  he  '  ommanded  at  diflerent  periods  the  steamers  Macomb, 
Monroe,  Gen.  Harrison,  Troy,  Arrow,  T.  Whitney,  Parsons  and 
others  we  do  not  at  present  call  to  mind.  He  is  yet  in  excellent 
health,  enjoying  life  at  his  island  home  on  Lake  Erie,  at  North  Bass, 
where  he  is  extensively  engaged  in  the  culture  of  grapes.  If  we  have 
omitted  already,  we  did  not  intend  to,  the  name  of  Capt.  J.  L. 
Edmonds,  who  commanded  for  several  years  vessels  and  steamers. 
Of  the  latter  we  mention  the  North  America,  Chicago  and  Southerner. 
While  in  command  of  the  latter,  and  after  leaving  Buffalo  on  her 
second  trip  of  the  season,  in  March,  1850,  he  was  taken  suddenly 
ill,  causing  the  immediate  return  of  the  steamer  to  port,  where  he 
died  on  entering  the  harbor.  Capi.  Aaron  Root  sailed  the  schooner 
Amaranth,  steamer  Constellation  in  1836,  Bunker  Hill  in  1837,  and 
subsequently  the  propeller  Henry  Clay.  He  died  at  Black  River, 
O.  Capt.  Joel  H.  McQueen  commanded  the  steamer  Constellation 
in  1837 — afterward  the  Sam.  Ward  and  other  boats  we  do  not  now 
remember.  He  also  at  one  time  commanded  the  schooner  White 
Pigeon.  Capt.  John  Shook  sailed  the  schooner  Cincinnati,  besides 
other  vessels,  at  an  early  period,  also  steamers  United  States  and 
Columbus.  He  died  at  Huron,  O.,  some  years  since.  His  brother, 
Capt.  Jim  Shook,  sailed  the  fine  clipper  brig  Illinois,  in  1835,  of  the 
Eagle  Line,  when  it  was  fashionable  to  have  the  pea  jacket  orna- 
mented with  the  soread  eagle.  He  also  at  one  time  commanded  the 
propeller  Sciota,  besides  several  sail  craft.  He  died  at  Huron,  O.,  a 
few  years  since.  Capt.  Cliff  Belden  died  at  Cleveland  in  August, 
1858.  He  commenced  early  on  the  lakes,  on  board  ol  sail  vessels, 
and  one  time  commanded  the  steamboat  Star.  Capt.  A.  H.  Squier 
sailed  vessels  for  several  years,  among  others  the  schooner  Laguire, 
steamers  DeWitt  Clinton,  Garden  City  and  others.  Capt.  Amos 
Pratt,  long  a  prominent  lake  navigator,  will  be  recollected  as  master 
of  the  steamer  Anthony  Wayne,  or  Mad  Anthony,  as  she  was  at  first 
called.  He  also  commanded  one  of  the  first  propellers  on  the  lakes, 
the  Samson,  in  1843,  afterward  the  Princeton  and  Globe.    He  was  a 


l^H 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


79 


las  J.  Titus  com- 

hooners  Aurora, 
amers  Ohio  ist, 
ilmer.  His  last 
d  while  on  Lake 
attempting  to 
of  the  most 
ties  of  the  sailor 
began  on  the 

earners  Thames, 
on  the  American 
wo  of  the  finest 

was  also  at  one 
between  Buffalo 
i  also  among  the 
cnown.  Besides 
earners  Macomb, 
;y.  Parsons  and 

yet  in  excellent 
e,  at  North  Bass, 
ipes.  If  we  have 
:  of  Capt.  J.  L. 
Is  and  steamers. 
» and  Southerner. 
I  Buffalo  on  her 

taken  suddenly 
:o  port,  where  he 
iled  the  schooner 
Hill  in  1837,  and 

at  Black  River, 
ner  Constellation 
s  we  do  not  now 

schooner  White 
incinnati,  besides 
nited  States  and 
:e.  His  brother, 
5,  in  1835,  of  the 
pea  jacket  orna- 
i  commanded  the 
d  at  Huron,  O.,  a 
iland  in  August, 
rd  oi  sail  vessels, 
ipt.  A.  H.  Squier 
chooner  Laguire, 
Ts.  Capt.  Amos 
>llected  as  master 
as  she  was  at  first 
Hers  on  the  lakes, 
jlobe.    He  was  a 


popular  seaman  and  gentleman.  His  death  occurred  a  few  years 
since.  Capt.  Wm.  Dickson  died  at  Buffalo,  in  1865,  aged  sixty-five. 
He  was  reared  on  the  waters,  and  commenced  lite  as  a  ferryman 
between  Black  Rock  and  Fort  Erie.  After  several  years'  experience 
on  the  lakes,  he  commanded  the  schooners  Sterling,  Merchant, 
Michigan  2d,  ship  Milwaukee,  brig  Robert  Hunter,  propellers  Hunter 
and  Illinois.  Capt.  T.  J.  Pheatt  died  at  Toledo,  in  1859.  He  came 
from  the  lower  lake,- and  our  first  recollection  of  him  is  when  in 
command  of  the  schooner  Grant.  While  on  the  upper  lakes  he 
commanded  the  steamer  Gen.  Harrison,  in  1840  (log  cabin  times), 
the  steamer  Indiana,  in  1842,  the  Northern  Indiana  and  Western 
Metropolis.  At  the  time  of  his  decease  he  was  managing  a  ferry  at 
Toledo.  Capt.  John  Stewart  sailed,  for  the  late  Oliver  Newberry, 
several  vessels,  commencing  at  an  early  period — the  schooners 
Marengo,  La  Salle,  brig  Manhattan  and  others.  Previous  to  his 
decease,  which  took  place  on  the  River  St.  Clair,  he  commanded  the 
steamers  Michigan  and  Northerner.  He  was  universally  liked.  We 
also  pay  a  passing  tribute  to  the  memory  of  other  lake  pioneers, 
among  whom  were  Capt.  Sam.  Vary,  who  died  at  Sheboygan  a  few 
years  since ;  "  Ould  Ned  Burke,"  as  he  was  widely  known ;  Jerry 
Oliver,  who  commanded  the  steamer  New  England,  besides  sail 
vessels  at  other  periods;  Capts.  Paine  Mann,  Joe  Sherwood,  John 
Kline,  also  Capts.  John  W.  Webster  and  James  Hackett.  Capt.  W. 
P.  Stone,  once  of  the  steamer  Keystone  State,  and  favorably  known, 
died  a  few  years  since  at  an  hotel  in  New  York  City.  Capt.  Thomas 
Richards  died  while  in  command  of  the  steamer  Niagara,  at  Mil- 
waukee, in  1849.  Capt.  G.  W.  Floyd  came  from  the  seaboard,  and 
sailed  the  brig  Indiana  in  1837,  in  1839  the  steamer  Sandusky,  and 
in  1843  the  propeller  Hercules,  after  which  he  returned  to  salt  water. 
He  died  in  California.  Capt.  George  E.  Willoughby  died  at  Quebec  a 
few  years  since.  He  commanded  respectively  the  Emerald,  London, 
Canada,  Ocean,  Mayflower  and  Plymouth  Rock,  and  was  a  popular 
seaman. 

Capt.  C.  H.  Ludlow  sailed  vessels,  and  in  1849  commanded  the 
steamboat  Baltic.  He  also  sailed  the  propeller  Globe,  subsequently 
the  propeller  New  York.  He  died  several  years  ago.  Capt.  Jacob 
Imson,  commanded  the  Hendrick  Hudson,  Diamond,  Buckeye  State 
and  propeller  St.  Joseph.  Capt.  S.  Clement  in  1839  sailed  the 
schooner  Philadelphia,  and  at  other  periods  different  vessels,  besides 
the  Atlantic  and  others  of  Ward's  steamers.  Capt.  E.  B.  Ward  was 
also  at  an  early  date  a  vessel  man,  sailing,  among  others,  the  schooner 
Gen,  Harrison.  The  first  steamboat  he  commanded  was  the  Huron, 
in  1840.  Subsequent  events  connected  with  the  life  of  this  popular 
man  are  too  familiar  for  repetition  here.  Capt.  L.  B.  Goldsmith  is  still 
navigating  the  lakes,  and  is  now  in  command  of  the  steamer  Jay  Cooke. 
He  commenced  early  and  promises  to  stay  late.  Capt.  Fred.  S. 
Wheeler  commanded  the  propeller  Hercules  and  steamboat  St. 
Louis,  and  has  been  dead  for  several  years.  Capt.  Fred  S.  Miller 
has  been  tossed  about  from  an  early  date.     T  here  are  those  who  will 


mvmumtimrAM 


I    ' 


\  i  ■  ■■■■ 


80 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


also  remember  Capt.  R.  C.  Bristol,  who  sailed  vessels ;  also  the 
steamers  James  Madison  and  Niagara  2d.  His  death  took  place  not 
long  since.  Capt.  D.  P.  Nickerson  came  from  the  seaboard,  and  has 
filled  numerous  important  positions  both  on  the  salt  and  fresh  waters. 
We  remember  the  Captain  on  board  the  steamers  Eclipse,  Bunker 
Hill,  Ohio  2d,  Saratoga,  and  others  we  do  not  call  to  mind.  Capt. 
Morris  Hazard  came  from  the  east,  having  an  experience  on  the 
rivers,  if  we  are  correctly  informed.  He  brought  out  the  steamer 
Milwaukee,  at  Buffalo,  in  1H38,  and  afterward  commanded  the  Con- 
stellation, Empire  State,  and  also  sailed  the  Monroe.  In  nearly  all 
of  these  steamers  he  held  more  or  less  interest.  He  died  at  his  resi- 
dence in  Buflalo,  in  1869.  Capt.  D.  H.  McBride  died  at  Milwaukee, 
in  March,  187 1,  after  a  lengthy  sojourn  on  the  lakes.  He  had  a 
large  experience  on  both  sail  and  steam  craft.  The  schooner  Havre 
was  the  last  vessel  he  commanded,  in  1842,  and  the  propeller  Iron- 
sides the  last  steamer.  He  was  second  mate  of  the  steamer  Erie, 
which  was  burned  on  Lake  Erie  in  1841,  and  narrowly  escped  being 
counted  among  the  lost.  Capt.  Wm.  Hinton,  for  several  years  past 
pilot  of  the  U.  S.  steamer  Michigan,  was  first  officer  of  the  Erie  when 
she  was  burned,  and  met  also  with  a  narrow  escape.  He  has  served 
long  and  faithfully  on  board  steamers,  and  commanded  the  Daniel 
Webster  after  she  was  changed  to  the  Black  Dan,  and  knows  all 
about  it.  Capt.  James  M.  Averill,  an  old  lake  man,  commanded  the 
steamer  Erie  (the  little)  in  '40  or  '41,  and  subsequently  sail  vessels — 
the  Barton  and  others.  Previous  to  this  period  the  Captain  was 
several  years  at  sea.  Capt.  Heber  Squier  has  been  connected 
with  the  steamers  St.  Louis,  Empire,  City  of  Cleveland,  propeller 
Oriental,  and  others  we  do  not  at  present  remember,  with  all  of  which 
he  leaves  a  bright  record.  Capt.  Jacob  Traverse  commanded  the 
steamer  Golden  Gate,  besides  several  sail  craft.  Capt.  Benjamin  A. 
Stannard,  numerous  sail  craft.  Capt.  John  Caldwell,  who  died  at 
Cleveland  in  1864,  commanded,  in  1836,  '37  and  '38,  the  schooner 
Hudson,  afterwards  the  Henry  Crevolin  and  Trenton.  Subsequently 
for  several  years  he  commanded  steamers  to  Lake  Superior,  and  in 
the  Northern  Transportation  Line.  He  was  universally  respected. 
Capt.  B.  G.  Sweet  dates  his  lake  career  back  to  183 1,  sailing  the 
sch^jfler  N.  C.  Baldwin  in  1837-8,  and  took  to  steamboats  someiwhere 
about  1845,  commanding  the  propeller  Phoenix  in  1846,  burned  on 
Lake  Michigan  in  November  of  that  year.  He  also  sailed  the 
Northerner,  North  Star,  propeller  Iron  City  and  others.  Capt.  D. 
Howe,  at  one  time  quite  prominent  on  the  lakes,  was  a  lower  lake 
man,  and  sailed  at  one  time  the  schooner  Saratoga.  In  1837  we  find 
him  in  command  of  the  steamer  New  York,  which  craft  was  bedecked 
with  four  pipes.  In  1840,  Capt.  Howe  was  in  command  of  the 
Chesapeake,  and  in  1844.5  the  Empire,  at  that  date  the  mammoth  of 
the  lakes.  He  also  sailed  the  steamer  America  and  others.  He 
went  to  Vermont  and  there  died,  some  six  or  eight  years  since 
Capt.  J.  C.  Benjamin  died  at  Prairieville,  Mich.,  in  1864.  He  sailed 
the  steamboat  Ben.  Franklin  in  1849,  and  previously  sail  vessels  out 


% 


miammmSit^^ 


-J 


vessels;  also  the 
h  took  place  not 
;aboard,  and  has 
md  fresh  waters. 
Eclipse,  Bunker 
to  mind.  Capt. 
perience  on  the 
out  the  steamer 
landed  the  Con- 
e.     In  nearly  all 

died  at  his  resi- 
d  at  Milwaukee, 
kes.  He  had  a 
schooner  Havre 

propeller  Iron- 
le  steamer  Erie, 
vly  escped  being 
everal  years  past 
}f  the  Erie  when 

He  has  served 
nded  the  Daniel 

and  knows  all 
commanded  the 
tly  sail  vessels — 
the  Captain  was 
been  connected 
^eland,  propeller 
with  all  of  which 
commanded  the 
ipt.  Benjamin  A. 
rell,  who  died  at 
38,  the  schooner 
t.  Subsequently 
Superior,  and  in 
Tsally  respected. 
1831,  sailing  the 
boats  somewhere 
1846,  burned  on 

also  sailed  the 
ithers.  Capt.  D. 
was  a  lower  lake 

In  1837  we  find 
aft  was  bedecked 
ommand  of  the 
the  mammoth  of 
ind  others.  He 
light  years  since 
1864.  He  sailed 
y  sail  vessels  out 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


81 


of  Cleveland.  In  crossing  the  line,  we  add  to  those  already  given  of 
Canadian  captains,  Mcintosh,  Dobson,  Peter  Melish,  of  schooners 
Lagrange,  Wellington  and  Perseverance ;  Capt.  John  Young,  of  the 
schooner  Hope,  and  others;  Capt.  E.  H.  Malloy,  of  the  steamer 
Adelaide  and  other  craft — all  now  deceased. 


DETROIT  RIVER  AND  ISLANDS. 


The  Detroit  river,  or  strait  whicli  cnnveyB  tlie  surplus  waten  of  the  upper 
lakes  into  Lake  Erie,  is  one  of  the  (inest  streama  on  the  continent  It  Ib 
twenty-seven  miles  long,  and  fronjNiiilf  a  mile  to  two  miles  in  width.  It  con- 
stitutes the  boundary  line  between  tla-  United  States  and  Canada,  and  commences 
at  the  foot  of  Lake  St.  Clair,  emptying  itself  into  Lake  Erie  about  twenty  miloi 
below  the  city  of  Detroit,  which  occupies  an  elevated  position  on  its  northern 
bank  and  immediately  opposite  the  Canadian  town  of  Windsor.  It  haa  a  per- 
ceptible current,  and  is  navigable  for  vessels  of  the  largest  class. 

There  are  altogether  seventeen  islands  in  the  river ;  their  names  are  (TZiiy, 
Odtron,  Hiekory,  Sugar,  Sou  Blane,  Ella,  Fox,  Back,  Groste  IiU,  Stony, 
Fighting,  Turkq/,  Mammy,  Judy,  Ora»»y,  Mud,  BeUe  and  L'lle  ou  PInw. 
The  two  latter  are  situated  alwut  two  miles  above  Detroit,  near  the  entrance  to 
Lake  St.  Clair.  L'lle  au  Peche,  belonging  to  the  Canadian  government,  was 
the  occasional  home  of  the  celebrated  Indian  chief  Pontiac,  who  was  styled  by 
Parkham,  in  his  "History  of  the  Conspiracy  of  Pontiac,"  "the  Satan  of  this 
fortst  paradise." 

BtiU  Trie,  which  is  about  three  miles  long  and  two  miles  wide,  presents  a 
strikingly  handsome  appearance  during  the  summer  and  fall  season,  beinK  cov- 
ered wTtn  a  rich  growth  of  forest  trees.  During  the  summer  season  U  is  a 
favorite  resort  for  the  inhabitants  of  Detroit  and  surrounding  country.  The 
other  fifteen  islands,  most  of  them  small,  are  situated  below  Detroit,  within  the 
first  twelve  miles  of  the  river  after  entering  it  from  Lake  Eric.  The  largest 
of  these  is  Orosse  Isle.  In  1770  Wm.  Macomb  purchased  this  island  from  the 
Indians,  and  tc^ether  with  a  few  French  families  was  the  sole  occupant  for 
many  years.  Fifty  years  ago  this  beautiful  spot  was  a  favorite  resort  for  the 
youth  of  Detroit,  who  heartily  enjoyed  a  moonlight  drive  over  the  frozen  river 
to  enjoy  a  "hop"  beneath  the  low-roofed  homesteads  of  Grosse  Isle.  This 
island  is  nine  miles  long  and  two  broad,  and  contains  about  six  thousand  acres 
of  highly  productive  land.  As  is  the  case  with  the  islands  of  Put-in-Bay,  the 
surrounding  water  so  modifies  the  climate  that  grapes,  peaches  and  other  fruit 

eeld  most  prolific  crops.  Edward  Lyon,  Em).,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the 
Ichigan  Exchange,  Detroit,  has  an  extensive  vineyard  of  Delawares,  lonas 
and  Concords,  in  the  cultivation  of  which  he  takes  ereat  pride.  Several  hand- 
nataa  private  residences  have  of  late  years  been  buUt  on  the  south  side  of  the 
island,  mostly  by  the  gentry  of  Detroit. 


{I 


J,'. 


4 


1:1 


82 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


An  epilogue,  written  for  a  play  at  the  Lyon  Opera  Home,  by  a  diitlnguiahed 
gentleman  of  Detroit,  thus  complimenta  Qnwao  uiie : 

"  We  Ilka  tha  Island  and  we  like  the  people, 
We  like  the  little  otauroh  without  a  ataaple ; 
AIM  the  Dove,  like  that  of  Noah'a  ark, 
Wbloh,  aent  out  In  the  morning,  la  alwava  home  by  dark. 
We  view  thin  Lron  Opera  houae  with  pride, 
Whioh  drawii  the  people  itom  the  other  aide— 
From  Trenton,  from  Detroit,  and  Wyandotte, 
And  e'n  from  Maiden,  where  a  Queen  they've  «ot ; 
They  ali  are  drawn  to  thia  moat  charming  apot." 

Father  Hennepin,  who  was  a  passenger  on  the  Griffin,  the  flnt  vetael  that 
crossed  Lake  Erie,  in  his  description  of  the  scenerv  along  the  route,  sajra : 
"  These  islands  are  the  finest  in  the  world ;  the  strait  IB  finer  than  Niagara ;  the 
banks  are  vast  meadows,  and  the  prospect  is  terminated  with  some  uills  cov- 
ered with  vineyards,  trees  bearing  good  fruit,  and  groves  and  forests  so  well 
disposed,  that  one  would  think  nature  alone  coifid  not  have  made,  without  the 
help  of  art,  so  cliarming  a  prospect." 


THE   ALEXANDER   HOUSE,   GROSSE   ISLE. 

Dr.  Charlevoix,  writing  in  1721,  says :  "  These  islands  seem  placed  on  pur- 
pose for  the  prospect.  The  land  is  of  wonderful  fertility,  and  the  rivers  and 
lake  abound  in  fish.  Nature  seems  to  have  denied  it  nothing  that  can  make  a 
country  attractive.  There  are  meadows,  fields,  lofty  forests,  and  rivers,  all  so 
happily  blended  as  to  equal  the  most  romantic  wishes." 

It  is,  therefore,  not  at  all  siu^risinK  that  with  the  advancement  of  civiliza- 
tion and  the  accumulation  of  wealth  m  this  delightful  renon,  modem  enter- 
prise should  have  selected  Oroase  Isle  as  a  summer  resort  for  the  inhabitants 
of  the  prosperous  cities  of  the  western  world,  or  that  a  palatial  hotel  ahoold 
occupy  the  site  of  the  primitive  home  of  the  Alexanders  of  years  gone  by.  T))e 
Alexander  House,  under  the  able  control  of  Mr.  Geo.  W.  Alexander,  is  one  of 
the  moat  beautiful  and  pleasing  structures  it  is  possible  to  oonoeiTe. 


% 


■  nmmmxMm>.  ji  wmmumk.!--  i-..M^^',?rvf' 


.  ■'?J-»-r,.(,(,.fli*<JK.iW»v**.'-^J''l"M»S-i-liJO.'    ■»-r***-JC^'>C*»-'i*«WW^''- 


by  a  distingukhed 


jrdark. 


he  flnt  Teuel  that 
the  route,  Mya : 
'than  Niasara ;  the 
th  some  Ellis  cot- 
ud  forests  so  well 
made,  without  the 


em  placed  on  pur- 
and  the  rivers  and 
I  that  can  make  a 
1,  and  rivers,  all  so 

cemect  of  clviliza- 
:ion,  modem  enter- 
:or  the  inhabitants 
latial  hotel  should 
ears  gone  by.  The 
lexander,  is  one  of 
iceive. 


miwiMrj«rr«A^'..iiitiao' 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


83 


Fort  Wof/ne,  located  near  the  villagn  of  Sprinpvells,  Just  below  Detroit, 
has  recently  brcn  made  by  the  government  one  of  tnt>  strongc  fortlflcatlons  in 
the  country.  Its  location  Is  admirable,  occupying  a  slight  eminence  completely 
commanding  the  river,  which  at  that  point  is  narrower  than  at  any  other. 

WyandMe,  ten  miles  below  Detroit,  Is  u  flourishing  manufacturing  village. 
It  is  the  center  of  the  iron  manufacturing  interests  of  Michigan  The  material 
used  conies  principally  from  Lake  Superior,  and  is  considered  equal  in  quality 
to  any  in  the  world. 

Newton,  two  miles  below  Wyandotte,  and  immedlatelv  opposite  to  Grosse 
ble,  is  situated  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Detroit  river.  It  has  a  good  dock,  is  a 
steamboat  landing,  and  was  at  one  time  a  place  of  considerable  trade. 


THE  ISLANDS  OF  LAKE  ERIE. 

These  Important  Islands,  formhig  a  group  in  connection  with  other  smaller 
ones,  arc  at  the  southwest  end  o^  Lake  Erie,  in  N.  Lat.  41  °  80'.  There  are 
other  islands  attached  to  Canada,  situated  immediately  to  the  north,  the  most 
important  of  which  is  Point  Pelle  Idand.  These,  In  a  measure,  partake  of 
the  same  favorable  climatic  influence  that  pervades  the  American  islands,  being 
celebrated  for  a  luxurious  growth  of  grapes  and  other  other  kinds  of  fruits,  as 
well  as  for  health  restoring  hifluences. 

The  largest  of  the  American  group  are  KeUey't  Island,  South  Ban  or  Put- 
in-Bay Itland,  Middle  Bait  iSand  and  North  Ban  Island.  The  smaller 
islands  are  BaUait  Island,  OiiraUar  Island,  Sugar  Island,  Battlesnake  Island, 
Oreen  Island  and  West  Sitter  Island.  The  two  latter  belong  to  the  United 
States  Oovemmeut.  The  Canadian  ishuids  arc  Point  PeUe  Island,  Middle 
Island,  East  Sister,  Middle  Sirter,  and  the  Old  Hen  and  OMekms. 

All  these  are  universally  celebrated  as  possessing  unusually  fine  Ashing 
grounds ;  the  Bass  Islands  derive  theh-  names  from  the  large  quantities  of  bass 
taken  in  the  neighborhood  during  the  spring  and  fall  months.  Other  varieties  of 
fish  of  a  f  ^  quality  and  superior  flavor  are  also  taken  in  the  contiguous  waters. 

PCT-IW-BAT.  on  SOUTH  BASS  ISLAND. 

The  second  in  size  of  this  group  is  distant  about  sixteen  miles  from  Sandusky, 
forty  from  Toledo,  sixty  from  I>etroit,  and  sixty  from  Cleveland.  Its  most 
popular  name  and  bv  which  it  has  won  universal  renoi»  as  the  most  delight- 
lul  watering  place  01  western  America,  is  derived  from  the  crescent  shaped  oay 
or  harbor  which  constitutes  the  northern  point  of  the  island,  and  from  which 
Commodore  Perry  put  forth  with  his  fleet  previous  to  the  eventful  "battle  of 
Lake  Erie." 

Put-In-Bay  has  been  made  historic  from  its  beins  the  headquarters  of  "  Per- 
ry's fleet,"  prior  and  after  the  great  naval  battle  durlnK  the  war  of  1812,  and 
possesses  one  of  the  most  secure  harbors  on  the  whole  chaiu  of  lakes.  On 
September  10th,  1818,  the  memorable  conflict  took  place  in  ttese  waters.  The 
fleet,  bearing  the  red  cross  of  England,  consisting  of  six  vessels,  carrying  sixty- 
four  guns,  under  command  of  Commodore  Barolay,  and  those  of  the  United 
States  under  Commodore  Perry,  met,  resulting,  as  was  afterward  made  known, 
in  the  following  dispatch,  written  at  4  P.  M.  of  that  day : 

"  Dbab  Gbnbbal  :— We  have  met  the  enemy  and  they  are  ours.  Two  ships, 
two  brigs,  one  schooner  and  one  sloop.  O.  H.  Perbt. 

General  WMam  Jones." 

Not  '"^eof  the  above  group  of  islands  but  possesses  some  historic  incident, 
wf  ..,  ii  correctly  written  up,  would  add  jnreatly  to  the  many  events  which 
have  occurred  in  this  portion  01  Lake  Erie.  Numerous  shipwrecftB,  cither  from 
fire  or  storm,  have  taken  place  on  some  one  of  the  islands,  or  waters  adjacent, 
and  not  a  few  noble  vessels,  and  many  lives  and  valuable  cargoes,  lie  buried 
beneath  this  plabi. 


if 


) 


/^ 


r~ 


84 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


1     ■" 


During  the  seuon  of  1M4,  the  stMinei  Parwmi,  commanded  by  Captain  At- 
wood,  fllled  an  Interesting  chapter  In  the  hiiitnry  oiF  thiit  historic  nelghoorhood, 

the  Incident*  aaaocla- 
tt!d  with  which  can  Im 
bettci'  prriienU'd  by 
ftlTlnjc  the  testimony 
of  Walter  U.  Ashley, 
Esq.,  who  was  clerk 
and  part  "ner  of  the 
steamer  jvons,  and 
also  evidence  of  the 
pilot  on  that  oecusion, 
at  the  trial  of  John  Y. 
11  Beal,  occurring  at  a 
time  when  the  rebel- 
lion excitement  was 
^  at  its  most  feverish 
I  ^  height,  from  threaten- 
S  ed  attacks  on  our  lake 
a  steamers  by  a  party  of 
B  raiders  luriilng  at  dlf- 
g  ferent  points  on  the 
borders  of  the  lakes 
and  rivers.  Detroit  and 
Wtniisor  belnK,  In  the 
main,  their  obiective 
points.  The  ultimate 
object  of  the  ndd  leema 
to  have  lieen  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  the 
capture  of  the  United 
States  steamer  Michi- 
gan, and  the  release  of 
the  prisoners  on  John- 
son's Island,  on  San- 
dusky Bay.  They  in- 
tended to  capture  one 
or  more  steamers,  that 
[^  the  main  object  might, 
g  with  greater  certaintv, 
^  be  carried  out.  "On 
the  morning  of  Sep- 
tember 19,  1864.  the 
steamer  Parsons  left 
her  dock  at  the  foot  of 
Bates  street,  Detroit, 
on  her  usual  trip  to 
Sandusky.  Early  on 
I  i,  that  morning  two  men 
fei  came  to  the  boat,  as 
I  ®  she  was  lying  at  Trow- 
bridge, Wilcox  &  Co. 's 
dock,  and  inquired  at 
what  time  the  boat 
would  start.  Captidn 
Atwood  replid  at  8 
o'clock.  "They  then 
Inquh^  if  he  would 
stop  at  Sandwich  and  take  on  some  passengers.  The  two  men  took  passage, 
ana  on  stopping  at  Sandwich  four  or  five  others  got  on  board.    At  Maiden, 


% 


mmmmmm 


mm 


ded  by  CapUln  At- 
Mtic  nnlghoorhood, 
incidentH  umocIa- 
wlth  which  can  be 
U'i'    prf-wnU-d     by 
Ing  thi'  tcBtimony 
Willt«r  O.  Ashley, 
q.,  who  waa  clerk 
rl  part     ■'ni-r  of  the 
anuT      stoM,  and 
n  evidence  of   the 
<>t  on  that  occasion, 
tlie  trial  of  John  Y. 
aJ,  (K-curring   at  a 
ne  when  the  rebel- 
in    excitement   waa 
its   most   feverish 
igbt,  from  threaten- 
attacks  on  our  lake 
earners  by  a  party  of 
iders  lurking  at  dif- 
rent  points  on   the 
trders  of  the  lakes 
id  rivers.  Detroit  and 
Windsor  lM>inK,  in  the 
ain,  their  obiective 
>inU.    The  ultimate 
>j  cct  of  t  he  raid  seenu 
I  have  l)een  nothing 
tore  nor  less  than  the 
ipture  of  the  United 
tates  steamer  Micbl- 
in,  and  the  release  of 
le  prisoners  on  John- 
)n's  Island,  on  8an- 
usky  Bay.    They  in- 
mded  to  capture  one 
r  more  steamers,  that 
le  main  object  might, 
rith  greater  certidntv, 
e  carried  out.    "On 
lie  morning  of  Sep- 
ember  10,  1864.  the 
teamer  Parsons  left 
er  dock  at  the  foot  of 
lates  street,  Detroit, 
n  her  usual  trip  to 
landusky.     Early  on 
bat  morning  two  men 
ame  to  the  boat,  as 
he  was  lying  at  Trow- 
iridge,  Wilcox  &  Co. 's 
lock,  and  inquired  at 
vhat  time    the   boat 
vould  start.    Captain 
Uwood   replid    at  8 
t'clock.     They  then 
nquired  if  he  would 
)  men  took  passage, 
board.    At  Maiden, 


THE   LAKB   PORTS. 


8S 


where  the  boat  arrived  at  half-past  nine,  about  a  dosen  more  took  passage, 
making  eighteen  in  all. 

"About  eleven  o'clock,  when  on  Lake  Erie,  one  of  the  men  came  irto  Uf 
pilot-house,  anti  ask^l  C'aniplx'll  what  counic  he  waa  steering.  He  n-plied,  the 
regular  courm-  from  Bar  Point  to  North  Bass  Island.  He  then  requested  the 
loan  of  the  spy -glass,  which  was  grantetl.  When  within  six  miles  of  the  Middle 
Sister,  the  same  man  inouire<l  what  course  the  steamer  was  on,  which  Informa- 
tion waa  given  him.  After  dinner  seven  or  eight  of  the  men  went  upon  deck 
to  take  observations,  but  in  the  meantime  Campbell  went  b<-l«>w,  his  watch  as 
pilot  being  off  at  nocm,  after  which  time  it  was  customary  for  hini  to  n>lieve 
the  mate  below.  Some  of  the  passengers  were  at  cards  in  the  saloon,  and  one 
of  them  made  the  remark  that  there  was  a  suspicious  crowd  on  ImanI,  some  of 
them  being  armed  with  revolvers.  Campbell  replied  that  some  of  them  looked 
like  Southerners.  Tlie  Parsons  landed  at  North  Bass  Island,  and  then  proc<«ded 
to  Put-In-Bay,  and  thence  to  Middle  Bass  Tsland,  when;  Captain  Atwoixl  left 
the  boat,  that  l)eing  his  residence,  the  mate  taking  charge.  Left  Middle  Bass 
for  Kelley's  Island,  where  eight  or  ton  passengers  were  taken,  making  the  whole 
number  of  passengers  between  forty  and  fifty,  men,  women  and  cliiulren. 

"  Cttnipl)ell  went  to  the  lower  deck  to  trim  the  boat,  and  happened  to  look 
into  the  ladies'  cabin,  where  he  noticed  certain  mysterious  movements  among 
the  straugi-rs,  such  as  revolvers,  and  casting  furtive  glances  as  if  to  see  if  they 
were  observed.  Some  of  them  were  also  seen  in  squads,  talking  in  a  very  low 
tone.  The  boat  left  Kelley's  Island  on  her  regular  time,  for  Cedar  Point. 
Campbell  went  into  the  saloon,  and  while  there  heanl  the  rttport  of  a  pistol, 
followed  by  a  scream.  He  reached  the  deck,  and  saw  one  of  the  rebels  with  a 
cocked  revolver  in  one  hand  and  an  axe  in  the  other,  running  after  the  fireman. 
Heard  the  exclamation :  'Oo  down  below  to  forward  hatch,  or  I'll  blow  vour 
brains  out.'  The  fireman,  however,  got  away,  and  ran  upon  the  up|)er  deck. 
The  rebel  turned  to  Campbell  and  ordered  him  to  ao  below,  which  he  refused 
to  do,  saying  that  was  not  his  place.  He  leveled  nis  revolver  and  fired,  tiie 
ball  passins  between  his  legs.  He  went  upon  deck,  when  he  observed  a  man 
known  as  the  'Colonel,'  who  had  taken  the  boat  in  charge.  The  mate  was  in 
durance,  and  five  of  the  rebels  were  at  the  steps  reaching  to  the  lower  decks, 
each  armed  with  one  or  two  revolvers  and  an  axe. 

"  The  passengers  and  crew  had  been  thrust  forward  on  the  deck  known  as 
the  'promenade  deck,'  where  they  were  being  examined  singhr,  to  see  if  they 
had  any  weapons,  and  after  an  examination  thev  were  taken  aft  into  the  cabin. 
This  waa  about  four  o'clock.  After  this  part  of  the  programme  was  concluded, 
they  were  all  ordered  down  into  the  hold,  excepting  the  ladles  and  children  and 
a  few  elderly  men,  who  were  placed  In  the  cabin. 

"  Two  of  the  deck  hands  were  ordered  on  deck  to  throw  overboard  some 
heavy  freight,  mostly  pig  iron,  after  which  the  scuttles  were  closetl  down. 
Campbell  was  orderea  to  run  the  boat  back  to  Maiden,  keeping  at  the  usual 
distance  from  Kelley's  Island,  for  fear  of  being  known.  They  started,  and  pro- 
ceeded some  distance,  but  in  the  meantime  the  fuel  getting  low,  the '  Colonel ' 
inquired  where  some  could  be  procured,  to  which  the  pilot  replied  only  at  Mid- 
dle Baas  or  Put-in-Bay  He  was  then  ordered  to  head  wherever  he  could  get  a 
supply,  and  he  steered  for  Middle  Bass,  where  they  arrived  about  dusk.  The 
whistle  was  sounded,  and  two  men  responded  by  taking  the  lines  and  making 
them  fast.  Four  of  the  females  lmme«uately  jumped  upon  the  dock,  and  were 
ordered  on  board.    Three  shots  were  fired  at  them,  but  none  took  effect. 

"The  small  steamer  Island  Queen, *Gapt.  Orr,  of  Sandusky,  hove  in  sight, 
wheti  the  '  Colonel '  ordered  his  men  forward,  and  told  them  to  keep  a  good 
watch  on  deck.  Three  or  four  men  were  placed  forward,  and  the  rest  aft, 
except  three  who  were  stationed  on  the  dock.  The  Island  Queen  came  up  and 
landed  alongside  of  the  Parsons,  when  Capt.  Orr  inquired  why  the  latter  had 
not  gone  to  Sandusky,  but  received  no  answer.  A  number  of  the  rebels  rushed 
on  board  the  Queen,  with  revolvers  and  axes  in  their  bands.  Capt.  Orr  knew 
not  what  to  make  of  these  proceedings,  but  he  rang  the  bell  to  go  ahead.    One 


J      ^ 


86 


THK   LAKE   PORTS. 


fl:- 


of  the  nbeiU  wi>nt  Into  the  miicine-rooin  and  nrderpd  the  engineer  to  itop.  Upon 
refiiHinK  In-  whn  hIioI  In  tli"  fucf,  the  ball  eoinlDK  out  of  hit  cheek. 

"The  (jiiiTii  wan  then  ittripiied  of  evrrythintr  vahiablo,  and  the  itaaaengen of 
both  iKNita  were  m-nt  mi  Hhori!.  Capt.  Orr  and  Ma  fn^lix^t^r  were  retained  on  the 
Paraona.  All  tlii>  PanMiiiH'  olHcera  and  crew  were  hIh«>  nttalned,  excepting  Capt. 
AtwiMMl  and  the  clt-rk  (Capt.  Atwood  having  got  on  (N>ard  when  the  boat 
touclieil  at  Middle  Baiw  tin*  Mrond  time).  Canipb«'ll  waa  tlien  ordered  to  head 
for  Uanduaky,  tlie  (jueen  In  tow.  Arriving  near  Haliaitt  Iiiiand  the  Queen  waa 
RcuttliHl  and  sunk.  Campbell  waa  then  ortlered  to  head  for  Maiden.  It  waa 
tlieiruvowetl  intention  to  go  to  Johnaon'a  Ixland  to  makean  attack  on  the  United 
Btatea  Hteamer  Michigan.  The  theory  that  audi  an  attack  was  in  their  original 
programme  conHlcta  with  the  flrat  return  toward  Maiden,  and  then  reveralng 
thev  course  to  procure  fuel.  Un  the  vt^  up  tlie  river  C'nmplM>il  was  ordered  to 
be  sure  and  take  the  British  channel,  and  keep  as  close  as  possible  to  the  Canada 
shore.  They  did  not  stop  at  Maiden,  but  made  for  Sandwich  Point,  barely  two 
miles  Ik-Iow  D<!troit,  in  broiul  daylight  in  the  morning,  w  here  they  landed.  The 
boat  waH  Htripped  of  everytliing  vitluable,  whi(-li,  with  the  baggage,  was  taken 
ashore,  and  the  latter  was  ritled  and  everything  carried  off." 

In  due  time  they  wen<  captured  and  suffered  the  |>enaUy  of  their  misde- 
meanors, the  punishment,  in  one  instance,  being  death,  and  of  the  others, 
imprisonment. 

The  thousand  historic  memorie«i  which  mingle  with  the  tales  and  traditions 
of  this  spot,  arc  iieightened  by  the  eiorious  gifts  dame  nature  haa  bestowed  upon 
it.  The  Bay  is  conceded  to  be  the  loveliest  sheet  of  water  on  any  of  the  north- 
em  lakes.  Burrounded  by  inlands  clothed  in  emerald  green,  their  rocky  fronts 
hurling  back  the  restlcHs  waters  of  the  lake,  as  if  in  defiance  of  its  ceaseless 
efforts  to  undermine  and  sweep  away  the  sylvan  treasures  of  which  they  are 
the  custodians.  Tiie  island's  surface  occupies  over  1,400  acres,  and  many 
private  individuals  have  here  liandsome  summer  residences  which  adds  largely 
to  the  general  lieauty  af  the  surroundings. 

The  conformation  of  the  island  is  |)eculiar  and  presents  a  rich  field  for  the 
geologist.  The  Perry  cave,  situate  near  tlie  center  of  the  island,  is  annually 
vlsitea  by  thousands  of  admiring  visitors.  It  has  been  considerably  improved 
and  rendered  more  commodious  for  the  visiting  public,  by  a  pleaalng  distribu- 
tion of  a  number  of  lamps  that  make  it  as  brij^t  as  day.  The  scenery  of  the 
cave  is  most  enchanting.  The  depth  of  the  cave  is  about  SO  feet,  with  a  length 
of  IS  rods.  The  roof,  from  4  to  10  feet  high,  spreads  out  with  a  small  body  of 
water  at  its  base.    Wlien  lighted  up,  it  presents  a  grand  appearance. 

The  climate  of  the  island  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  health  and  comfort.  No 
dews  fall,  and  the  dry,  pure  air  is  strangely  beneficial  to  invalids,  especially 
those  suffering  from  bronchial  or  lung  diseases.  During  the  summer  and  early 
fall  months  the  temperature  usually  ranges  from  60°  to  80°  Fahrenheit,  giving 
strengtii  and  vitality  to  the  human  frame,  most  perceptibly  felt  by  those  visitinff 
tUa  region  from  a  more  southern  altitude.  Here,  all  those  seeking  health  and 
pleasure,  should  yearly  resort,  as  moat  astonishing  benefit  has  been  found  by 
those  laboring  under  respiratory  diseases,  as  well  as  general  debility.  We  must 
not  forget  to  mention  the  hotel  accommodations,  which  are  everything  that 
could  be  desired.  The  Put-in-Bay  House,  of  which  Col.  Saveeney  is  the  pro- 
prietor, and  the  Beebe  House,  kept  by  Henry  Beebe,  Esq.,  are  two  of  the  hand- 
somest and  best  appointed  hotels  in  America. 

PtU-in-Ba^  has,  for  the  past  few  years,  become  noted  as  a  fishing  ground. 
The  waters  abound  with  idl  varieties  of  the  finny  tribe,  for  which  Lake  Brie  is 
so  justly  celebrated.  Black  and  white*  bass,  pickerel,  pike,  muscalunge  and 
whiteflsh,  make  it  a  favorite  resort  for  the  dteciples  of  Izaak  Walton,  and  the 
facilities  for  prosecuting  this  unrivaled  pastime,  are  in  all  respects  flrat  class 
and  charming. 

The  fish  resort  to  the  shoals  that  put  out  from  the  shores  of  the  islands,  thus 
providing  a  natural  protection  which  cannot  be  found  on  any  single  island. 
This  fact  lias  induced  several  fishing  dulM  to  establish  themselves  on  this  island ; 
two  have  already  completed  their  establishments.    The  fishing  interest  forms  so 


ID* 


iffmim 


i      ^ 


leer  to  itop.  Upon 
heek. 

1  the  iMUMMtniKen  of 
>ro  rctalnml  on  the 
n\,  cxc(!ptlng  Capt. 
tl  when  the  boat 
n  ordered  to  head 
ml  the  Queen  wan 
)r  Maiden.  It  waa 
tack  on  the  United 
aa  in  their  original 
nd  then  reveraing 
N>ll  waa  ordered  to 
Rlble  to  the  Canada 
Folut,  barely  two 
they  landed.  The 
aggage,  waa  taken 

Ity  of  their  miade- 
snd  of  the  others, 

tales  and  traditions 
has  bestowed  upon 
I  any  of  the  north- 
their  rocky  fronta 
nee  of  its  ceaseless 
of  which  they  are 
)  acres,  and  many 
vhich  adds  largely 

I  rich  fluid  for  the 
island,  is  annually 
siderably  i  in  proved 
a  pleasing  diBtribu- 
Fhe  scenery  of  the 
feet,  with  a  length 
ith  a  small  body  of 
learance. 

and  comfort.  No 
invalids,  cBpccially 
I  summer  and  early 
Fahrenheit,  giving 
elt  bv  those  visiting 
seeking  health  and 
has  been  found  by 
debility.  We  must 
re  everything  that 
ftveeney  is  the  pro- 
re  two  of  the  hand- 

«  a  fishing  ground, 
which  Lake  Brit  is 
Le,  muflcalunge  and 
k.  Walton,  and  the 
respects  first  class 

of  the  islands,  thus 
1  any  single  island, 
elves  on  this  island ; 
ig  interest  forma  so 


n 


msMs^mm^--' 


THE   LAKK   PORTS. 


87 


Important  a  feature  In  the  pastimes  of  the  island  that  two  small  Htoaincrs  have 
been  fitted  up  express- 
Iv  for  the  use  of  parties 
ueslrous  of  enjoving 
this  charming  pastime. 
It  is  said  that  there 
are  more  conveniences 
in  the  way  of  steam- 
btiats,  row  boats,  lioat 
houses,  mhinows  and 
fishing  paraphernalia 
in  general  at  Put-in- 
Bay  than  in  the  whole 
length  and  breadth  of 
the  Lake  iM-sides. 

SOVTR  BASS  ISLAND.      F 

The  secimd  in  size  of  e 
this  celebrated  group,  0 
contains  about  l,fiUO  ^ 
acres  of  superior  land,  e 
being  underlaid  with  w 
limestone;  there  are  h 
some  5()U  acres  devoted  8 
to  the  cultivation  of  r 
grapes,  chiefly  of  the  ^ 
Catawbaand  Delaware  « 
species;  apples. pi umH,  g 
cherries  pi-aches,  pears  x 
and  othor  fruit,  ai»o  S 
flourisli  here,  and  are  S 
pnxluced  in  consider-  " 
a^le  quanlities.  3 

HORTII  BAfM  IHI.AXD,      ** 

s 

Contains  about  100  ^ 
acres  of  land,  and  is  3 
admirably  l(K-ated  and  * 
equally  pleasant.  ! 
Grapes  and  almost  a 
eve^  other  kind  of  r 
fruit  grow  in  richest 
abundance. 

OIBBALTAB  ISLAND. 

Lying  in  Put  in-Bay 
is  a  small  island,  most- 
ly covered  with  foivst 
trees,  rlsine  beautiful- 
ly from  tne  water's 
edge.  It  Is  owned  by 
Jay  Cooke,  Esq.,  who 
has  erected  a  magnlfl- 
cent  residence  thereon.     

KBLLBT'b  I8LA^<D 

Is  the  largest  of  the  American  group,  and  contains  upward  of  twenty-eight 
hundred  acreaof  land,  which  is  for  the  most  part  under  a  high  state  of  cultivation; 


;'h 


i'  ^ 


r'^^wrjVBwmiMK 


Jii 


J     


;i 


If:^  r 


88 


THE  LAKE   PORTS. 


about  one-third  Ib  devoted  to  the  culture  of  grapet.  Its  population  is  about  one 
thousand.  The  principal  commercial  interests  consist  in  the  manufacture  of 
wines,  and  quarrying  limestone,  immense  quantities  of  which  are  uinually 
shipped  to  Tarious  parts  of  the  States,  for  building,  paving  and  smelting 
purposes. 

Antiquarians  and  geolorists  will  find  ample  field  to  gratify  their  curiosity. 
"  The  Inscription  Rocks  and  other  Indian  relics  are  particularly  mteresting, 
and  are  conclu-ive  evidences  of  a  prolonged  occupancv  of  this  region  in  the 
aboriginal  period.  Inscription  rock  is  82  by  21  feet,  and  is  part  of  the  same  lime- 
stone strata  as  the  Island  from  which  it  has  oeen  separated  by  lake  action.  The  top 
presents  a  smooth  and  polished  surface,  like  all  the  stone  of  this  neightrarhood, 
v/here  the  soil  is  removed,  suggesting  the  belief  that  it  is  produced  by  glacial 
attrition.  Upon  this  the  peculur  inscriptions  are  cut.  The  figures  and  cnarac- 
ters  are  deeplv  sunk  in  the  rock,  and  yet  it  presents  all  its  smoothness  of  surface, 
as  if  they  had  been  exposed  to  the  polishing  or  wearing  influence  of  water.  The 
sculpture  is  pronounced  to  l)e  by  f  ar  the  most  extensive,  best  executed  and  well 
preserved  inscription  of  the  antiquarian  period  ever  found  in  America ;  it  is  in 
the  picturgraphic  character  of  the  nation,  and  its  leading  symlwls  are  easily 
interpreted.  The  human  figures,  the  pipes,  the  smoking  group,  the  presents 
and  other  objects  denote  trilies,  negotiations,  crimes,  turmoils,  etc.,  which  tell 
a  story  of  thrilling  interest,  in  which  the  European  plays  a  prominent  part.  The 
•  whole  inscription  is  manifestly  connected  with  the  occupation  of  the  shores  of 
this  lake  by  the  "Eries,"or  "Mad  Spirits,"  of  the  coming  of  the  "Wyan- 
dottes,"  of  the  final  triumph  of  the  "  Iroquois,"  and  the  extermination  of  Uie 
people  who  left  their  name  on  the  lake. 

In  addition  to  these  memorials  of  an  almost  forgotten  people,  there  are  the 
remains  of  three  Indian  forts  upon  this  island.  The  walls,  gateways  and  sally 
ports  were  well  defined  l>efore  these  islands  became  the  homes  of  agricuitorists, 
but  at  the  present  time  only  fragments  of  an  embankment  remain,  meas'uing 
twelve  hundred  and  forty-six  feet  around  the  crescent  shaped  part,  and  about 
four  hundred  feet  on  the  rock  baitk  of  the  island. 

There  are  also  evidences  of  a  second  fort  having  existed,  facing  on  the  lake, 
and  on  the  north  shore  will  be  found  a  second  specimen  of  inscription  rocks. 
The  gravelly  beach  of  this  island  is  rich  in  petrifactions,  fossils  and  shells,  and 
affords  a  never-e  ding  source  of  enjoyment  to  visitors.  In  different  parts  of 
the  island  rare  specimens  of  crystals  and  carbonates  of  the  glacial  period  may 
be  found  in  the  deep  grooves  of  the  limestone  rocks. 


WATER  ST.,  SANDUSKY — WEST  HOUSE  AND  BOAT  LANDING. 


%, 


tulation  is  about  one 
the  manufacture  of 
xrhich  are  umually 
kving  and  Bmelting 


tify  their  curiosity, 
ticularly  interesting, 
this  region  in  the 
art  of  the  same  lime- 
lake  action.  The  top 
f  this  neighborhood, 
produced  by  fflacial 
!  figures  ana  cuarac- 
ioothness  of  surface, 
lence  of  water.  The 
8t  executed  and  well 
in  America ;  it  is  in 
;  symbols  are  easily 
group,  the  presents 
loils,  etc.,  wliich  tell 
)rominent  part.  The 
ion  of  the  shores  of 
ing  of  the  "Wyan- 
)xtermination  of  the 

»eople,  there  are  the 
I,  gateways  and  sally 
nes  of  a^cultorists, 
remain,  meas'uing 
iiped  part,  and  about 

1,  facing  on  the  lake, 
of  inscription  rocks, 
oesils  and  shells,  and 
In  different  parts  of 
le  glacial  period  may 


AT  LANDING. 


THE  PORT  OF  DETROIT. 


VIEW   OF  CITY   HALL,  DETROIT. 

^ETROIT,  the  chief  city  of  Michigan,  is  situated  on  the  banks 
of  the  Detroit  river,  a  noble  stream,  or  rather  strait,  twenty 
miles  long,  connecting  Lakes  Erie  and  St.  Clair,  and  affording 
the  best  harbor  on  the  entire  chain  of  the  great  lakes.  The 
river  varies  in  width  from  one-half  mile  to  -  a  mile,  has  a  current  of 
from  two  to  three  miles  an  hour,  and  is  noted  for  the  clearness  and 
purity  of  its  de«p,  fish-teeming  waters.  The  city  extends  along  the 
bank  for  about  seven  miles,  and  is  built  up  for  about  two  and  one- 
haif  miles  from  the  water.  For  at  least  six  miles  the  river  front  is 
lined  with  mills,  dry  docks,  ship  yards,  foundries,  grain  elevators, 
railway  depots  and  warehouses.  For  a  short  distance  from  the  river 
bank  the  ground  rises  gradually,  and  then  becomes  perfectly  level, 
furnishing  an  admirable  site  for  a  large  city.  Detroit  is  laid  out 
upon  two  plans :  the  one  that  of  a  circle  with  avenues  radiating  from 
the  Grand  Circus  as  a  center,  the  other  that  of  streets  crossing  each 
other  at  right  angles.  The  result  is  a  slight  degree  of  intricacy  in 
certain  localities,  which  inconvenience  is  more  than  compensated  by 

Vttrtli.  


':r 


90 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


a  number  of  little  triangular  parks  which  diversify  and  ornament  the 
place.  The  avenues  are  from  one  hundred  to  two  hundred  feet 
wide;  the  streets  vary  in  width  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  feet,  and 
are  generally  shaded  by  an  abundance  of  trees.  The  site  of  Detroit 
was  visited  by  the  French  as  early  as  1610;  but  no  permanent  set- 
tlement was  made  until  1701,  when  Fort  Pontchartrain  was  built. 
In  1763  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  English,  and  immediately 
afterward  was  besieged  for  eleven  months  by  Pontiac,  in  his  attempt 
to  expel  the  whites  from  that  region.  In  1783  Detroit  was  ceded  to 
the  United  States,  but  the  Americans  did  not  take  possession  of  it 
till  1796  During  the  War  of  1812  it  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Brit- 
ish, but  was  recaptured  in  1S13.  It  was  incorporated  as  a  city  in 
1824,  when  its  population  was  less  than  two  thousand,  and  in  1876 
had  one  one  hundred  and  three  thousand  inhabitants.  The  manu- 
factures of  the  city  are  numerous  and  important,  including  extensive 
iron  works  and  machine  shops,  three  railroad-car  factories,  flour 
mills,  breweries,  and  immense  tobacco  and  cigar  factories.  The 
shipping  interests  are  also  large,  while  pork  and  fish  packing  employ 
numerous  hands. 

The  principal  streets  of  the  city  are  Jefferson  avenue,  parallel 
with  the  river ;  Woodward  avenue,  which  crosses  the  former  at  right 
angles,  and  divides  the  city  into  two  nearly  equal  parts;  and  Fort 
street,  Michigan  avenue.  Grand  River  avenue  and  Gratiot  street,  at 
various  angles  with  Woodward  avenue.  West  Fort  street  is  a  broad 
and  beautiful  street,  lined  with  elegant  residences;  and  Lafayette 
avenue  is  a  fashionable  street.  Griswold  street  is  the  Wall  Street  of 
the  city.  The  Grand  Circus,  the  principal  park,  is  semicircular  in 
form,  and  is  divided  by  Woodward  avenue  into  two  quadrants,  each 
containing  a  fountain.  About  one-third  of  a  mile  from  the  Grand 
Circus  is  the  Campus  Martius,  an  open  space  six  hundred  feet  long 
and  two  hundred  and  fifty  feet  wide,  which  is  crossed  by  Woodward 
and  Michigan  avenues,  and  from  whidh  radiate  Monroe  avenue  and 
Fort  strefct.  Facing  the  Campus  Martius  on  the  west  is  the  new  City 
Hall,  a  handsome  structure,  two  hundred  feet  long,  ninety  feet  wide, 
and  one  hundred  and  eighty  feet  high  to  the  top  of  the  tower,  com- 
pleted in  187 1,  at  a  cost  of  $875,000.  It  is  built  of  sandstone  in  the 
Italian  style,  and  consists  of  three  stories  above  the  basement,  with  a 
Mansard  roof.  In  the  square  in  front  of  the  City  Hall  is  a  fine 
Soldiers'  Monument,  erected  in  memory  of  the  Michigan  soldiers 
who  fell  in  the  civil  war.  Facing  the  Campus  Martius'  on  the  north 
is  the  Opera  House ;  and  in  '^"ort  street  is  Whitney's  Opera  House, 
one  of  the  finest  in  the  country.  The  Custom  House,  which  also 
contains  ^he  Post-Office,  is  a  large  stone  building  in  Griswold  street. 
The  Board  '^f  Trade  Bu'lding  is  another  fine  edifice,  but  is  badly 
located  in  Woodbridge  street,  near  the  river,  where  its  fine  propor- 
tions cannot  be  seen  to  advantage.  The  Freight  Depot  of  the  Michi- 
gan Central  Railroad  is  one  of  the  most  noteworthy  structures  in  the 
city  It  stands  on  the  wharf,  and  consists  of  a  single  room,  twelve 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  long  and  one  hundred  and  two  feet  wide,  cov- 


and  ornament  the 
wo  hundred  feet 
lundred  feet,  and 
'he  site  of  Detroit 
o  permanent  set- 
artrain  was  built, 
and  immediately 
ac,  in  his  attempt 
troit  was  ceded  to 
e  possession  of  it 
lands  of  the  Brit- 
rated  as  a  city  in 
■and,  and  in  1876 
ints.  The  manu- 
icluding  extensive 
ar  factories,  flour 
,r  factories.  The 
h  packing  employ 

n  avenue,  parallel 
he  former  at  right 
parts;  and  Fort 
Gratiot  street,  at 
street  is  a  broad 
;s;  and  Lafayette 
the  Wall  Street  of 
is  semicircular  in 
o  quadrants,  each 
!  from  the  Grand 
lundred  feet  long 
sed  by  Woodward 
onroe  avenue  and 
jst  is  the  new  City 
,  ninety  feet  wide, 
if  the  tower,  com- 
f  sandstone  in  the 
e  basement,  with  a 
lity  Hall  is  a  fine 
Michigan  soldiers 
Lrtius"  on  the  north 
sy's  Opera  House, 
Kouse,  which  also 
in  Griswold  street, 
ifice,  but  is  badly 
re  its  fine  propor- 
>epotof  the  Michi- 
y  structures  in  the 
ngle  room,  twelve 
wo  feet  wide,  cov- 


IrtWWM""^;  ■■^^Kf*»»»**lf-»'»< i^a^M 


THE    LAKE   PORTS. 


9» 


BO.\KU  OK    TRADE    BUILDING. 

ered  by  a  self-sustaining  roof  of  corrugated  iron.  In  the  immediate 
vicinity  are  the  great  Wheat  Elevator  of  the  company,  from  the  cupola 
of  which  a  superb  view  of  the  city,  tiver,  and  Lakes  St.  Clair  and 
Erie,  may  be  had ;  and  the  Round  House,  in  which  sixteen  locomo- 
tives stand  under  a  dome  surpassed  in  size  only  by  that  of  the  capitol 
at  Washington.  Besides  the  opera  houses,  there  are  the  German 
Stadt  Theater,  and  several  large  public  halls.  The  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  has  a  large  building  in  Farmer  street,  with 
library,  gymnasium,  restaurant,  public  hall,  etc. 

The  churches  of  Detroit  are  noted  for  their  number  and  beauty. 
St.  Anne's  (Roman  Catholic),  Lamed  street,  corner  of  Bates,  is  the 
oldest  church  in  the  city,  and  is  noted  for  its  fine  choir.  The 
Cathedral  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul  (Roman  Catholic),  Jeflerson  ave- 
nue, corner  of  St.  Antoine  street,  is  the  largest  church  edifice  in  the 
State,  and  has  an  imposing  interior.  St.  Paul's  (Episcopal),  comer 
Congress  and  Shelby  streets,  is  the  parent  church  of  the  diocese,  and 
is  famous  for  its  beautiful  roof,  which  is  self-sustaining ;  there  is  not 
a  pillar  in  the  building.  Other  handsome  Episcopal  churches  are 
Christ's,  in  Jefferson  avenue,  above  Hastings  street;  St.  John's,  in 
Woodward  avenue;  and  Grace,  in  Fort  street.  The  Fort  Street 
Presbyterian  (Fort  street  corner  Third)  has  the  handsomest  front  of 


i  i: 


l^. 


i  ,  i 

I,    r'l 


! 


ll'J 


if!'.i 


J       ^ 


tlft 


92 


THE  LAKE   PORTS. 


any  church  in  the  city.  The  Central  Church  (Methodist),  in  Wood- 
ward avenue,  above  the  Grand  Circus,  has  a  richly  decorated  inte- 
rior. The  First  Presbyterian,  in  State  street ;  the  Jefferson  Avenue 
Presbyterian,  above  Rivard  street;  and  the  First  Congregational, 
Fort  street  corner  of  Wayne,  are  all  fine  edihces.  There  are  several 
libraries  in  the  city,  of  which  the  principal  are  the  Public  Library, 
containing  thirty-seven  thousand  volumes,  and  that  of  the  Young 
Men's  Society,  containing  fourteen  thousand.  The  Convent  of  the 
Sacred  Heart,  in  Jefferson  avenue,  near  St.  Antoine  street,  is  a  large 
and  very  beautiful  building.  The  House  of  Correction,  in  the  north 
portion  of  the  city,  is  considered  one  of  the  best  reformatory  prisons 
m  the  country.  Directly  opposite  is  a  home  for  discharged  female 
prisoners,  who  are  received  here  and  furnished  with  work  until  places 
can  be  found  for  them  out  of  reach  of  the  evil  influences  previously 
surrounding.  The  United  States  Marine  Hospital,  on  the  bank  of 
the  river,  just  above  the  city,  commands  a  fine  view  of  the  Canada 
shore.  Elmwood  Cemetery  is  a  beautiful  burying  ground,  within 
the  city  limits  (reached  by  horse  cars).  Woodmere  Cemetery,  on 
high  ground,  four  miles  west  of  the  city,  is  of  recent  origin. 

Fort  Wayne  is  a  bastioned  redoubt,  about  three  miles  below  the 
Michigan  Central  Depot,  standing  upon  the  bank  of  the  river  and 
completely  commanding  the  channel.  The  Fort  Street  and  Elmwood 
horse  cars  run  within  half  a  mile  of  it,  and  it  is  also  a  favorite  point 
to  which  rides  and  drives  are  taken.  Belle  Isle,  an  island  in  the  river 
'opposite  the  upper  limit  of  the  city,  is  a  favorite  resort  for  picnics. 
Grosse  Point,  seven  miles  above  the  city,  is  a  point  of  land  project- 
ing into  Lake  St.  Clair.  It  is  noted  for  its  cherry  orchards,  and  is 
the  terminus  of  a  beautiful  drive  over  a  good  road.  Grosse  Isle, 
eighteen  miles  below  the  city,  is  an  island  three  miles  long  by  one 
mile  wide,  and  is  a  favorite  resort  of  the  wealthier  inhabitants  of 
Detroit,  many  of  whom  have  beautiful  summer  residences  upon  it. 
Put-in-Bay  Islands,  a  group  of  islands  in  Lake  Erie,  near  the  mouth 
of  Detroit  river,  is  a  favonte  summer  resort.  From  Detroit  there  is 
a  daily  steamer  in  summer  to  Kelly's  Island,  the  largest  of  the  group. 


DAVIS  *  CO.'S  FISHING   TUG  GRAYLING. — SEE  NEXT  PAGE. 


lodist),  in  Wood- 
decorated  inte- 
efferson  Avenue 
Congregational, 
rhere  are  several 
Public  Library, 
It  of  the  Young 
Convent  of  the 
street,  is  a  large 
lion,  in  the  north 
armatory  prisons 
scharged  female 
vork  until  places 
ences  previously 
on  the  bank  of 
w  of  the  Canada 
;  ground,  within 
re  Cemetery,  on 
:  origin. 

miles  below  the 
jf  the  river  and 
et  and  Elmwood 
)  a  favorite  point 
sland  in  the  river 
esort  for  picnics, 
of  land  project- 
orchards,  and  is 
id.  Grosse  Isle, 
iles  long  by  one 
:r  inhabitants  of 
idences  upon  it. 
,  near  the  mouth 
Detroit  there  is 
;est  of  the  group. 


»EXT  PAGE. 


S.  H.  DAVIS  &  CO., 

FiflH  Merciiamts,  21  Woodwahd  Avenue,  Detroit,  Mich. 

The  fish  which  abound  in  the  lakes  and  rivers  of  Northwostern  America 
have  always  formed  a  cnnspicuous  item  in  the  commerce  of  the  country.  Long 
before  itH  discovery  the  Indian  delighted  to  build  his  camp  fires  near  these  in- 
land  seas  tliat  lie  might  spear  ana  dry  a  large  quantity  of  flsh  for  his  winter 
use,  and  Europeans,  upon  settling  here,  chose  the  same  spots  for  almost 
exactly  the  same  reasons.  At  the  same  time  but  little  difference  existed 
Lb  their  mode  of  capturine  them,  indeed  their  implements  were  almost  as 
rude  in  construction  as  those  of  their  dusky  bretberon,  and  had  it  not 
been  for  the  hook  and  line  and  still  more  uncertain  dredge  net  they  would 
have  been  much  less  successful,  for  the  Indian  almost  invariably  spears 
a  flsh  every  time  he  makes  a  thrust,  whereas  the  European  as  a  rule 
succeds  in  capturing  but  a  few  flsh  after  several  hours  lalmrious  watch- 
ing. For  the  past  flfty  years  but  little  improvement  has  been  made  in  that 
branch  known  as  gill  net  fishing.  As  primitively  used,  tiie  net  was  sunk  by 
means  of  stones  or  pieces  of  iron  of  irregular  shape  and  weight,  and  were 
buoyed  at  a  proper  distance  from  the  bottom  (from  five  to  six  feet)  by  shingles, 
pieces  of  wood  or  bark,  or  any  light  substance  that  came  most  readily  to  hand. 
The  disadvantages  under  which  the  flsherman  labored  from  tiie  use  of  these  and 
similar  appliances  can  readily  be  imagined.  The  most  disastrous  of 
wliich  was  the  almost  certain  entanglement  of  the  floats  and  sinkers  in  the 
meshes  of  the  net,  often  breaking  them  and  causing  considerable  loss  and  de- 
lay to  the  operators.  That  so  long  a  time  should  have  elapsed,  during  which  so 
many  inventions  in  almost  every  other  branch  of  industry  have  been  made, 
without  some  improvement  upon  this  method  of  fishing  havmg  been  thought  of 
is  astonishing.  With  the  yearly  increasing  demand  for  all  kinds  of  lake  and 
river  fish,  either  fresh  or  dried,  both  in  tliis  and  other  countries,  no  proportion- 
ate facilities  have  lieen  introduced  whereby  expense  and  labor  could  be  econo 
mizcd.  In  view  of  these  facts,  Messrs.  8.  H.  Davis  &  Co,  of  Detroit  (for 
many  years  known  throughout  the  United  States  and  Caniida  as  tlie  inventors 
and  patentees  of  refrigerator  cars,  flsh  freezing  pans,  &c.)  have  devoted  consid- 
erable time  and  money  to  perfecting  a  system  of  floats  and  sinkers  that  will 

remedy  all    the   annoyances   heretofore 
experienced  by  giil-net  fishermen.     The 
result  of  their  labors  has  been  the  produc- 
tion  of    an    eliptical    glass   globe    (see 
fig.  1)  containing  one  and  a  naif  cubic 
inches  of  air  and  weighing  thirteen  ounces. 
These    egg-sliaped    globes   are     groved 
lengthwise  so  that  a  cord  can  be  securely 
passed  round  them  and  connected  with 
the  side  line.    This  is  used  to  replace  the 
shingles,  pieces  of  bark,  or  the  more  re- 
cently used  wooden  floats  (see  fig.  2.)    It 
will  be  readily  seen  that  these  globes  pre- 
vent any  disarrangement  or  breaking  of 
the  nets,  as  they  are  too  large  tq  fall  through  or  become 
entangled  in  the  meshes,  at  the  same  time  securing  a 
regular  buoyancy  of  the  net,  ail  being  of  the  same  grav- 
ity and  not  affected  by  water  as  the  floats  constructed  of 
porous  substances  must  be,  more  or  less.    The  next  im- 
portant feature  is  the  sinker,  and  this  has  undergone  as 
decided  a  transformation,  through  the  ingenuity  of  tltese 
gentlemen,  as  the  float.    The  sinker  in  most  general  use 
at  the  present  day  consists  of  a  piece  of  lead  pii)e  about 
four  inches  long  (see  fig.  8.)    This  produces  the  same 


^\C.A 


F/G^ 


rp'- 


l!  I 
ii'  •■ 


94 


THE   LAKE    PURTS. 


(lisafltorB  as  any  of  the  previous  methods  adopted,  and 
has  almoHt  invariably  tanfrjcd  tlic  net  so  bmliy  so  to  ren- 
der the  cateh  most  uncertain.  Tlie  sinl<er  invenU'd,  now 
used,  by  Messrs.  S.  H.  Davis  &  Co.  consists  of  a  gal- 
vanized iron  ring  about  four  iiu-iies  in  rircumference 
(see  tig.  4)  and  as  in  the  case  of  tite  float,  unable,  by  their 
form,  to  (;reate  confusion  in  the  nets.  In  setting  the  nets 
tliey  are  placed  in  wliat  is  known  among  fishermen,  aliout 
thirty  nets,  thirty-five  rmls  in  length,  forming  a  gang. 
The  side  lines  instead  of  ending  at  tl  oiesii  part,  run  on 
a  few  feet  further,  and  are  attached  to  a  wooden  rod  to 
which  is  fastened  a  leading  line  almut  six  hundred  feet 
long.  At  the  further  end  is  a  bmiy,  upon  which  is  a  flag 
to  mark  the  location  of  the  nets.  A  similar  arrangement 
I  at  each  end  of  the  net  completes  it.  In  placing  the  not 
the  first  buoy  flog  is  thrown  out,  to  which  is  attached  the 
leading  line  and  which  in  turn  is  followed  by  the  net.  The 
sinker  (fig.  4)  immediately  carries  this  to  the  tnittom,  the 
glass  floats  (fig.  1 )  keeping  the  nets  in  a  perpendicular  posi- 
tion at  the  bottom  of  the  lake.  The  net  having  successfully 
gone  over  the  stern, '  the  latter  end  of  the  leading  line,  with  anchor  and  flag 
buoy  attached,  follows.  In  taking  up  the  net  the  same  course  is  pursued,  the 
flag  buoys  at  one  end  being  taken  in  over  the  bow,  and  the  leading  line,  net, 
second  leading  line,  with  its  flag  buoy,  is  hauled  in  band  over  iiand.  The  vessel 
of  course  moves  in  the  required  direction  as  the  nets  are  paid  out  or  taken  in. 
The  usual  depth  of  water  in  which  the  nets  are  set  is  from  two  to  three  hundred 
feet,  and  the  meshes  being  about  two  inches  square  catch  the  fish  by  the  gills 
as  they  attempt  to  swim  through.  The  nets  are  generally  lifted  every  two  days, 
fresh  ones  taking  their  places,  while  the  ones  just  used  are  put  through  a 
cleansing  process,  called  tanning.  The  steam  fishing  tug,  "OrevHng. '  an 
illustration  of  which  api)er><-^  on  page  four,  is  deserving  of  especial  mention. 
It  is  a  boat  of  about  seventeo.  ^"^  burthen,  and  capable  of  standing  almost 
any  kind  of  weather.  It  is  clipper  built,  a'ld  capable  of  making  fourteen 
miles  an  hour.  Its  appointments  are  in  all  'respects  perfect,  behig  f nrnished 
with  everything  that  a  vessel  of  its  descnption  should  have,  as  well  as  those 
requisites  necessary  for  the  convenient  performance  of  the  trafllc  in  which  it  is 
engaged.  As  has  before  been  mentioned,  the  inventors  of  this  improved  gill- 
net  are  also  the  patentees  of  refrigerator  cars  and  improved  facilities  for  freez- 
ing fish.    A  full  description  of  which  will  be  furnished  on  application. 

ALLEN,  SHELDON  &  CO.,  Dry  Goods. 

Scientiflc  experiments  and  observation,  the  work  of  centuries,  have  de- 
T.;!oped  but  four  materials  capable  of  being  used  as  clothing  for  the  human 
family,  and  it  is  admitted  by  all  that  cotton  takes  the  lead  as  the  material 
universally  used  for  this  purpose.  For  many  years  the  cotton  mills  of  Lanca- 
shire, England,  were  the  only  ones  capable  of  producing  a  marketable  fabric; 
but  of  late  years  America  has  proved  a  formidable  rival.  To  such  an  extent 
indeed  has  the  skill  in  the  home  manufacture  of  these  goods  attained,  that 
England  imports  large  quantities  for  her  own  use.  It  is  therefore  reae<mable 
to  state  that  a  house,  whose  principal  trade  is  devoted  to  cotton  fabrics,  should, 
with  a  liberal  capital,  large  ex|)erience,  and  universal  patronage,  rank  as  one 
of  the  first  business  concerns  in  Michigan.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  has  for 
many  years  been  lai^y  engaged  in  the  wholesale  dry  goods  trade  and  occu- 
pies very  large  and  elegant  stores  at  Nos.  37,  89  and  41  Woodward  avenue.  The 
extensive  tr»le  of  this  bouse  lies  through  Michigan,  Indiana,  Ohio  and  adjoin- 
ing States,  and  several  travelers,  as  welfas  a  large  staff  of  competent  salesmen, 
are  employed.  This  house  stands  foremost  as  one  of  the  leading  commercial 
spirits  of  the  West,  and  is  universally  esteemed  as  a  comer  stone  in  the  great 
fabric  of  commercial  prosperity  ndsed  by  the  energy  and  perseverance  of 
Detroit's  merchant  princes. 


hods  adopted,  and 

Ml  badly  bo  to  ren- 

kiT  inven'i'd,  now 

congistB  of  a  gal- 

in  circumference 

at,  unable,  by  their 

In  wating  the  netH 

ig  flNhermen,  alK>ut 

forming  a  gang. 

nesli  part,  run  on 

)  a  wooden  rod  to 

six  hundred  feet 

ipon  which  Is  a  flag 

ittnllar  arrangt'oient 

In  placing  the  not 

hich  is  attached  the 

ved  by  the  net.  The 

to  the  bottom,  the 

pcrpcndicmlar  posl- 

having  Buccessfully 

itb  anchor  and  Aug 

urse  is  pursued,  the 

e  leading  line,  net, 

pr  iiand.  The  vessel 

lid  out  or  taken  in. 

wo  to  three  hundred 

the  flsh  by  the  gills 

ted  every  two  days, 

are  put  through  a 

lug,  "Qrevllng/'  an 

>f  especial  mention. 

of  standing  almost 

;f  making  fourteen 

!ct,  being  fnrnlshed 

ve,  as  well  as  those 

trafllc  in  which  it  is 

'  this  improved  gill- 

1  facilities  for  freez- 

ipplication. 

Dds. 

nenturies,  have  de- 
ling for  the  human 
;ad  as  the  material 
tton  mills  of  Lanca- 
,  marketable  fabric; 

To  such  an  extent 
roods  attained,  that 
nerefore  reasonable 
;ton  fabrics,  should, 
"onage.   rank  as  one 

this  sketch  has  for 
ods  trade  and  occu- 
ward  avenue.  The 
ta,  Ohio  and  adjoin- 
ompetent  salesmen, 
eading  commercial 
'  stone  in  the  great 
id  perseverance  of 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


05 


MICHIGAN  EXCHANGE  HOTEL, 

LtoN  &  PoRTBK,  PROI'KIBTOHH. 

This  fine  hotel  is  situated  at  the  comer  of  Jefferson  avenue  and  Shelby  street, 
being  in  the  central  part  of  the  city,  convenient  to  the  depots.  HiennilKiat  land- 
ings, ferry  and  po.stofflce.  It  is  a  large,  fintt  looking  building,  bus  a  frontage 
on  JeffevHon  avenue  of  1 40  feet,  200  feet  on  Hhellty  street,  and  on  W()<)(lbri(l|;e 
street  140  fiM^t,  facing  the  Board  of  Trade  building,  and  coniniunding  an  invit- 
ing view  of  the  lieautiful  Detroit  river,  whicli  in  the  summer  mouths  attracts 
thousands  of  pcrtple  to  this  great  and  growing  city,  wliere  forty  years  ago  the 
hotel  business  was  only  in  its  infancy.  Like  all  VVei'tern  ei;«<'ii>ri8es,  the  Miuni- 
OAN  ExuHANOB  has  been  truly  HueceHtiful,  and  today  lias  a  widespread  reputa- 
tion for  its  splendid  ap|)ointnientR.  The  tables  ai'e  loaded  with  tli<;  best  the 
market  affords,  and  are  carefully  watched  over  by  a  competent  caterer.  The 
dining  room  is  par  exeelle'ice,  being  the  largest  in  tin;  Htate,  and,  like  evcrv 
room  In  the  house,  is  kept  in  tip-top  order,  and  patronized  l)y  the  groat  travel- 
ing public,  as  its  well-filled  register  will  testify.  One  important  and  remark- 
able feature  in  connection  with  this  hotel,  is  the  facility  for  escape  in  case  of 
j9rc,  with  broad  halls  and  wide  staircases.  From  the  ofHct!  floor  to  the  top  story 
runs  a  mammoth  steam  elevator,  which  is  elegantly  upholstered.  The  house 
contains  over  200  sleeping  rooms  and  capacious  parlors,  and  can  easily  accom- 
modate 600  guests.  In  fact,  the  Mioiiioan  Exciianok  is  unsur])as8ed.  and  the 
most  popular  hotel  outside  of  New  York,  and  a  great  favorite  with  commercial 
men.  The  proprietors,  Messrs.  Lvon  &  Pobtkk,  are  gentlemen  in  every  sense 
of  the  word,  and  their  clerhs,  Messrs.  C  8.  tlatoa  and  Harry  Smith  are  univer- 
sally esteemed  for  their  politeness  and  assiduous  attention  to  the  wants  of  their 
patrons. 


Michigan 

Jefferson  Avenne.  Corner  Shelby  Street, 


Exchange. 


DETROIT.  MICH. 


This  Hotel  is  one  of  the  Oldest  and  most  Celebrated  in  Detroit ;  it  occupies 
nearly  an  entire  square,  and  has  a  frontage  of  140  feet  on  Jefferson  Ave., 
(the  principal  thoroughfare  of  the  city),  and  200  feet  on  Shelby  Street. 

HENHY  POUTBM.  r  "°™"*""** 


ft  ..1 


Ik 


.-iigiiag^ 


96 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


ED80N,  MOORE  &  CO., 

WilOLKHAI.K  DBY  GOODH. 

This  houHc,  though  «!Htnbll«hcii  only  about  five  years  slnoe,  is  promi- 
nent and  in  the  front  ranit  of  our  largeHt  huHinesH  houses,  its  sales  aggre- 
gating 11,500.000  annually,  and  that  too  without  the  help  of  traveling  sales- 
men or  agents.  The  memltert*  of  the  Arm  are  men  of  ripe  experience  and 
ability,  liaving  been  previously  connected  with  the  leading  great  bouses  of 
the  country,  which  connections  l>rought  to  th.-m  a  very  extensive  business 
acquaintance.  The  building  wcupled  by  the  firm  is  18P  100  and  192 
Jefferson  avcniic.  at  the  comer  of  Bates  street  ;  it  has  a  frontage  of  sixty-live 
feet,  and  a  depth  of  one  hundred  feet,  having  a  basement  and  tour  floors.  A 
steam  elevator  runs  from  (he  first  to  the  fourth  floor,  where  the  packing  is 
done.  The  flrst  floor  is  devoted  to  a  general  line  of  dress  goods,  except  a 
portion  in  the  rear,  which  Is  set  apart  and  conveniently  furnished  as  a  depart- 
ment for  the  accountants.  The  light  and  airy  basement  is  filled  with  what  is 
technically  called  domestics.  On  the  second  fioor  is  a  mammoth  stock  of 
white  goo'ds  and  notions,  and  the  third  fljwr  Is  devote<l  to  woolen  (cloths  and 
flannels  of  every  description.  The  house  carries  an  extensive  stock  of  the 
latest  and  most  "fashionable  goods  for  female  wear,  and  import  extensively  of 
dress  goods,  while  goods  and  notions.  The  business  of  the  house  extends 
over  a  wide  territory,  enil)raclng  the  States  of  Michigan,  Western  Indiana 
and  Ohio.  The  incfivlduals  of  the  firm  are  Jamks  L.  Eds«)N,  Gkoroe  F. 
MoonK,  Ransom  Oii-ms,  Ciiahlkh  Bitnciiek,  and  Stki'iien  Baldwin, 
special.  Country  merc^hants  and  traders  will  do  well  to  call  on  this  firm 
before  purchasing  their  fall  stocks. 

DETROIT  MACHINERY  DEPOT. 

The  aliovc  concern,  of  which  Mr.  James  Jenks  is  the  proprietor,  is  the  oldest 
house  of  the  kind  in  tlie  West,  having  l)een  established  nearly  a  ({uarter  of  a 
century  ago.  It  oocupi<'S  two  stories  of  a  flni;  building  at  Itj  and  18  Atwater 
Btniet,  having  a  frontage  of  50  feet  by  a  depth  of  180.  The  houst!  carries  a 
very  heavy  stock  of  all  kinds  of  mac^liinery,  having  the  agency  for  J.  A.  Fay  & 
Co.,  C.  B.  Kogcrs  &  Co  ,  Buckeye  Engine  Co.,  Witlierby,  Uugg  &  Rlchardsf)n, 
Richards,  London  &  Kelley  and  otlur  first  class  mauufacturei-s.  They  also 
deal  in  all  kinds  of  wood  and  iron  working  machinery,  saw  mills,  Hall's  patent 
shingle  machines,  engine  l);)ilers,  lM>il  r  feeders,  Dean  &  Co's.  steam  pumps, 
Henry  Disstue  &  Sons  saws,  Jas.  T.  Noyer  &  Sons  mill  machinery,  l)elting  »&;c. 
The  large  and  comprehensive  stock  carried  by  this  house,  compared  with  the 
sterling  integrity  with  whicjli  all  liusineas  transactions  are  coupled,  have 
gained  for  It  a  large  and  extensive  patronage,  the  annual  sales  aggregating 
$300,000,  and  is  extending  into  the  States  of  Colorado,  Utah,  Texas,  Arkansas, 
Minnesota  New  Yom  and  the  Canadas.  It  is  with  great  pleasure  we  refer  to  a 
house  so  deserving  of  notice  as  the  one  in  question,  at  once  a  credit  to  their 
city  and  the  West. 

JAMES  JENKS, 

Dealer  in  all  kinds  of 

MACHINERY  AND  SUPPLIES,  EMERY  WHEELS  AND  GRINDERS. 

tt  aad  18  Atwater  Street  K.,  Detroit,  HIehigaa. 

9~  Atcent  for  J.  A.  Fay  Je  Co  ,  C.  B  Rovers  Sc  Co,.  Ituckeye  Engine  Co.,  Wltherby, 
RuKgft  Uii-hardaoii,  Riubards,  London  &  Kelly,  and  other  flrsr-ulaits  niHiiufacturers. 
Wood  and  Iron  Working  Mauhliiury.  ^uw  Mills,  Hall'K  Patent  Shingle  Machines, 
Henry  Disstue &80118'  Saws,  Jbo.  T.  >oy8  &  Sons'  Mill  Machinery.  Deatn  Sc  Co.'s  Steam 
Pumps,  Saws,  Belting,  ESnginea,  Boilers,  Steaui  Pumps,  Boiler  Feeders,  etc. 


■M 


sinre,  is  promi- 
'8,  its  HuleR  ugffrc- 
of  trnvciinff  xales- 
|)((  ('X|MTit'n<;e  and 
ig  great  hoiiHCH  of 
RXti'DHive  businoBS 
188  too  and  193 
mtnge  of  xixty-Hve 
tnd  four  floors.  A 
ten;  the  packing  it 
?8s  goods,  except  a 
nishe<l  as  a  depart- 
flilcd  with  what  is 
niimmoth  Steele  of 
woolen  cloths  and 
nsive  stock  of  the 
pf)rt  extensively  of 
the  house  extends 
,  Western  Indiana 
DSON,  Okorok  F. 
Ki'jiKN  Baldwin, 
call  on  this  Arm 


)rietor,  is  the  oldest 
arly  a  quarter  of  a 
1))  and  18  Atwater 
rhe  houst!  carries  a 
cy  for  J.  A.  Fay  & 
lugg  «&  Richardson, 
[iturcre.  Ti'.cy  also 
mills,  Hall's  patent 
Co's.  steam  pumps, 
2liinery,  belting  Ac. 
compared  with  the 
ire  coupled,  have 
I  sales  agi;regating 
I.  Texas,  Arkansas, 
iasure  we  refer  to  a 
:e  a  credit  to  tlieir 


IND  GRINDERS. 

iglne  Co.,  Witherby, 
;lara  raHiiufactiirers. 
t  ShlDgle  Machines, 
Deam  He  Co.'s  SMain 
ederg.eio. 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


97 


C.  J.  WHITNEY  &  CO. 

This  largo  and  flourishing  house  is  vne  of  the  oldest  of  the  kind  in  the  city, 
viz:  wholesale  and  retail  music  dealers.  Their  premises  are  finely  locate<l  on 
Fort  Htreet  West,  and  consist  of  a  handsome  four  story  building,  having  a 
frontage  of  forty  feet  by  a  depth  of  one  hundred  and  thirty.  The  general  app<>ar- 
ance  of  the  interior  of  their  show  r<H>m  is  striking  and  beautiful ;  thousands  of 

Sieces  of  sheet  music  are  neatly  arranged  in  cases  and  classifled,  extending  from 
oor  to  ceiling,  a  gallery  encircling  this  tl(M)r  to  allow  of  access  to  the  up|M'r  tiers, 
while  a  beautiful  circular  show  case  containing  a  flne  assortment  of  brass  and 
other  muBi(;al  instruments  tastefully  arranged,  together  with  the  handsome 
offices,  combine  to  render  the  store,  one  of  the  masterpief^es  of  art,  the  moat 
handsome  in  the  city.  Messrs.  WniiNBT  &  Co.  are  the  general  western  agents 
for  the  Chiekering  pianos  and  Estey  organs,  liotb  instrumt^nts  of  great  merit, 
and  to  which  there  are  few  equals  and  no  su|>eri(>r8  in  the  market.  They 
keep  constantly  on  hand  a  complete  assortment  of  the  latest  musical  compo- 
sitions, and  are  in  a  position  to  furnish  to  order  anv  kind  of  musical  merchan- 
dise obtainable.  This  is  perhaps  the  largest  music  house  in  the  West ;  certainly 
it  ranks  very  high.  Twentv  salesmen  are  employed,  and  the  business  receipts 
aggregate  9'«>U,U00  annuslly,  their  trade  extending  throughout  the  entire 
Western  States.  Mr.  Whitney  was  the  builder  of  the  handsome  Opera  House 
that  bears  his  name,  and  which  is  a  gr<;at  acquisition  to  our  city,  both  in  an 
architectural  and  commercial  |>oint  of  view.  The  gentlemen  comprising  the  Arm 
are  Mr.  C.  J.  Whitney  and  Mr.  I.  C  Y.  Wliect,  who  wns  admitted  to  partnership 
in  1870. 

CHICKERING    PIANOS^ 


E8TEY  ORGANS. 


O.    J.    WHITNEY    (S^    CO. 

General  -Argents, 
DETROIT,        -  MICHIGAN. 

KING'S  NEW  TFA  STORE. 

This  well  known  and  highly  successful  tea  dealer  has  lately  opened  a  branch 
at  No.  1  Russell  House  Block,  Michigan  Qrand  Avenue.  The  store  has  been 
handsomely  decorated  and  presents  a  very  stylish  ap|H!arance.  Mr.  Kimo  has 
for  many  years  been  associated  with  tlie  tea  trade  and  understands  it  thoroughly, 


X 


■«■         ii 


Ct 


^      _ 


i" 


t.} 

U  i 


■d 


98 


THE    I.AKK    HORTS. 


havinp;  tlircc  otiier  RtorcH  in  <lifTercnt  psrtR  of  tlie  city,  all  of  whirih,  ns  well  ns 
thJH  lirancliydo  an  extt-nHivt;  tnulc.  (hie  of  the  HcrrcU  of  Mr.  Kino'h  popularity 
Ih  tlif  fi>  '.  .'if  Ills  makinit  a  pri>witt  to  i-vcrv  )>urcliaiu-r  of  a  pound  of  t<  a  of  a 
fanry  or  iiM>ful  artlrU;,  i<iu;ii  m  a  <:iip  ami  miiKuT,  gohlct,  fancy  pin  Im>x  and 
other  ornamental  and  domcHtii;  articlcH  innuni<-r»lilt!.  Rhould  tin-  purcliawr 
wIhIi  a  more  i>x|H-nitiv(>  ^ift  than  that  given  with  a  pound  of  ten,  a  clicrli  ia  givon 
and  when  them*  liavu  Hufflcicntly  a(-(!uni\ilated  tho  cuHtomcr  iH  allowed  to  choao 
among  a  large  and  elegant  aiwurtnient  of  ariielcH,  including  clockH,  vaacH,  (;ofFeo 
milla,  china  wan*.  &c.,  i&c.  With  no  one  Ih  thitt  HyHieni  more  Hiicc<'HHfully 
carried  out  than  Mr.  Kino,  hiit  dlHplay  of  gifta  iH-ing  (urtalnly  'ho  mont  exti-n- 
Hive  and  uiu'ful. 


King's  Tka  Storks 

AHI  URNOWMCD  FOH  KBBPIKO 

The  Best  Teas  and  Coffees, 

AT  LOWEST  PHICE8, 
And  giving  handHomo  PrcHcntH  to  all  their  Cuatomors. 


HEAngUARTBRS  : 

142  GRATOIT  AVENUE,    CORNER  BEAUBIEN  STREET. 

nitANCII  STORKS: 

Number  One  RiiHHell  IIouw!  Block. 
811  Michigan  Avenue,  bet.  5th  &  «th  Ht8.     |      iOli  Qra-id  River  Avenue,  cor.  Sth  St. 


DUNN  BROTHERS,  Dry  Good*, 

179  jBrPKKHON  AVFNUK. 

This  well-known  house  has  for  a  long  tin  -^  J.uioat  controlled  the  trade  of 
rubber  gooda  in  this  city,  and  the  Huperuir  nuality  of  the  article  supplied  by 
them  has  gained  for  the  house  a  widc-spreaa  popularity.  Rubber  hose,  belt- 
ing, rubber  toys,  cuspadores,  and  indeed  evervthing  reprcsenttHl  in  this  line 
of  manufactures  are  kept  constantly  on  hanci,  and  no  pains  are  spared  to 
supply  customers  with  the  best  prmluctions  and  the  most  recent  improve- 
ments. Fire  companies,  vessi^l  owners  and  mill  men  will  do  well  to  patronize 
this  house. 


w.  c.  DUNN. 


E.  DUNN. 


DUNN     BROS., 

Wholesale  anii  Retnil  Dealere  in 

CYCRUBBER   QOODSCO 

179  Jkkfehhon  Avenue, 
DETROIT, MICHIGAN. 

ADAM  COUSE. 

The  above  named  gentleman  has  been  for  many  years  connected  with  the 
piano  forte  and  organ  trade.  Until  recently  he  occupfctl  the  second  floor  of  No. 
39  Monroe  avenue,  but  finding  that  place  too  small  for  his  largely  increased 
business,  he  removed  to  his  present  handsome  and  commodious  show  rooms  on 
the  ground  floor  at  No.  28.  His  stoekof  planus,  organs,  melodeons,  etc.,  is 
large  and  fine,  and  are  sold  at  such  extremely  low  prices,  that  cannot  fail  to 
Attract  buyers.    Mr.  Couse  is  one  of  the  most  successful  merchants  who  have 


n 


SWffP" 


.^        V 


wbinh,  M  well  bb 
Kism'h  jHipularlty 
xiuml  of  t>it  of  a 
iincy  pin  Im)X  an<l 
\A  tlh-  purchaser 
II,  a  cliccli  is  given 
,  allowfd  to  dioso 

KlkS,  VIUM'H,  (iofffO 

more  HiiewHBfully 
ly  Mil)  most  cxtt'n- 


)flfees. 


)inor». 


Y  STREET. 


enue,  cor.  Bth  Bt. 


oiled  the  trade  of 
rtlcle  supplied  by 
Rubber  hose,  belt- 
Bcnted  in  this  line 
jns  are  spared  to 
It  recent  improve- 
o  well  to  patronize 

E.  DUNN. 


DSCO 


IGAN. 


onnected  with  the 
second  floor  of  No. 
is  largely  increased 
ous  sl»ow  rooms  on 
melodeons,  etc., is 
that  cannot  fail  to 
ii-rchantB  who  have 


THK    I.AKK    PORTS. 


99 


Introduicd  in  the  city  the  monthly  payment  i.y»tem.  A  magiilrtccnt  Instrument 
may  thus  i»o  purcliased  in  a  yi-ry  short  tlum,  by  this  admlnilil"-  systijm.  Many 
persons  are  the  happy  imwsihsihs  of  an  elenanl  piano,  or;iaii  or  nwlodeon, 
materially  helping  to  make  a  honu-  happy,  that  has  \m'n  purclinscd  in  this  easy 
manner.  iMr.  (Joiisk  lias  a  ttno  lot  of  instruiiicnts  to  choose  fnmi.  and  parties 
In  want  of  such  cannot  do  bett<-r  than  pav  a  visit  to  his  superb  nsmis. 


PIANOS  AND  ORGANS 


WHOLESALE  AND  RETAIL, 
50  TO  76  PER  CENT.  DISCOUNT  TO  DEALERS 

LiNDK.MAN's  3-8THINGEI)  (y'VCI.OID  OllANDS. 

BoAimMAN  &  Ghay's  8-Stuinoki»  Square  Okandb. 

Matiiuhiikk's  8-Stuingkd  Obchestbai.  Pianos, 
Dkcreb's  Gold  Medai.  Pianos. 

The  MASHAcniTSETTB  Okoan.    (Unsurpassed.) 

kSr  Send  for  confidential  prices.    Orders  from  a  thousand  miles,  I  guar- 
antee the  instruments  to  come  all  right  and  satisfactory. 

2S  Monroe  Avenue.  Detroit.  ADAM    COUSE. 


E.  W.  VOIGT,  Milwaukee  Brewery. 

Established  in  1886  by  Mr.  C.  W.  Voigt,  on  a  small  scale,  selling  only 
about  three  thousand  barrels  of  lager  per  annum,  it  has  increased  very 
rapidly,  until  this  year  the  sales  will  amount  to  upwards  of  twenty-one 
thousand  barrels.  In  1871  the  business  went  into  the  hands  of  E.  W.  Voiot, 
son  of  C.  W.  Voigt,  and  to  his  tact  and  untiring  energy  is  due  the  rapid 
increase  and  success  of  this  establishment.  It  is  the  largest  brewery  in 
Michigan,  and  the  excellence  of  the  article  made  hero  is  justly  celebrated. 
Mr.  Voigt  will  consume  this  year  flfty-two  thousand  bushels  of  malt,  thirty- 
two  thousand  pounds  of  hops,  and  will  use  Ave  hundred  tons  of  coal  and 
coke.  The  building,  situated  on  Grand  River  avenue,  between  Second  and 
Third  streeU,  is  by  far  the  most  handsome  and  most  subsUintial  brewery  we 
have  ever  seen.  Built  of  brick,  with  freestone  trimmings,  it  is  a  credit  to 
its  owner  and  to  our  city.  This  with  his  other  biiildinijs  occupy  nearly  a 
whole  block,  and  arc  all  two  or  three  stories  in  height.  The  premises  have  a 
frontage  on  Grand  River,  avenue  of  eighty  feet,  and  on  Cherry  street  one 
hundred  and  forty  feet.  There  are  five  large  ice  houses,  one  of  which  is 
thirty-eight  by  sixty  feet,  and  there  are  four  cellars  under  the  ground  con- 


i 


,1 


too 


THE  LAKE   PORTS. 


nnnted  by  fliin*  to  the  \ce  hotiMm.  The  llrm  han  In  thtm  <  'uurn  HtornKB 
OBpiirlty  "foi  Mix  thouMiin<l  biirrcln  of  bocr,  Hon'  the  beer  Ih  in  prof;eMi  of 
f(irm«ntiiti(>n  nn<l  inado  rmwly  for  conMumption.  The  uppflr  p«ru  (-onMiHtH  i>f 
biiildinKM,  othiT  Htor»){«  promiiM'M.  etc.  Mr.  Voijft.  conRUineH  annually  throe 
thouHand  tonw  of  ice,  two  thoiitnnd  wivi-n  hiindritd  tonx  of  wliinh  Ik  Ntorud 
Bvory  winter  in  the  Ave  liirne  iott  hoiiNeM.  Mr.  Voijct  employH  twenty  flvo 
rann,  who  rm'i(lv('(l  la«t  yimr  v/ngtin  amounting  to  f  I4.(MN).  The  capital 
invii<4t<Hl  imliao.lHMJ,  and  tlio  butdnesH  done  thirt  year  will  amount  totlHH,(HK). 
It  U  needlc«!<  for  us  to  MjHsak  of  the  qualUiex  conibinetl  in  the  pro«luotion  of 
thiH  entablinhm-nt,  the  Huperiority  of  the  article  belnjr  widely  known.  Two- 
tliirdi*  of  It  U  <-on>iuini-d  In  thi(*  rity.  and  the  rt'nininder  Ih  Hhipped  to  all 
partM  of  the  t-ounlry,  eaHt  and  weitt. 

K.  AV.VOIGT, 

IIHKWRH  OK 

THE    BOSS 

LAGER  BEER. 

BRENA/ERY, 

GRAND  lilVKR  AVENUK,  DETROIT,  MICH. 


On    Draught  Everyvrhere, 


— ANIJ  IB  nOTTI.KO   II Y— 


J.  BEI.LEU.  U  STATE  STREET, 

J.  F.   MOLONEY  &  (;0.,  ORANI)  IIIVER  AVENUE. 

WILLIAMS  &  CO.,  BREWERS,  DUNCAN'S  BREWERY. 


MESSRS.  JOHNSTON  &  CONRATH. 

These  gnntlemen  have  one  of  the  most  flourishing  establi»hinonls  for  a  new 
concern  that  can  b«'  met  with  in  the  city.  They  are  both  yoiiUj;  men,  but 
possess  unusual  fa<'iilty  for  business,  uiid  having  from  boyhood  been  actively 
engaged  in  their  present  vocation,  they  are  eminently  superior  to  the  jjeneral 
run  of  manufacturing  opticians.  Although  scarcely  a  year  old,  this  firm 
has  already  invented  three  most  necessary  improvements,  the  most  useful  of 
which  is  the  patent  "  Eye  Tester,"  an  Instrument  similar  to  a  small  telescope, 
mounted  upon  a  tripod,  and  used  to  determine  the  e.mrt  lense  required;  the 
old-fashioned  eye  testers  only  registered  the  number,  but  when  It  is  known 
that  there  are  six  clas.ses  of'^ lenses,  viz:  the  piano  convex,  double  convex, 
periscopjc  convex,  piano  concave,  double  concave,  and  periscoplc  concave, 
none  of  which  can  be  regulated  to  that  nicety  required  by  many  persona,  thus 
the  necessity  for  some  instrument  that  will  perform  this  o.Tlce  is  obvious.    By 


^ti 


:^     -^^- 


THB   LAKE   PORTS. 


lOI 


Ih  in  prof!eiw  of 
partN  conMiHtH  »f 
t  unnuully  thmo 
wliinh  Im  Ntorud 
iloyH  twenty  A vo 
».  Tho  cupltal 
)unl  t<)i|il(W,(MM). 
e  pnNliirtion  of 
yr  known.  Two- 
it  Mhippoil  to  uU 


►IGT, 


ss 


JEER. 

T,  MICH. 

rhere. 


«fUE, 

f'B  BUEWEUY. 

i. 

Iimonts  for  a  new 
yoiiu^  men,  but 
nod  bwn  actively 
or  to  the  jjeneral 
ar  old,  this  firm 
c  moHt  tiHcful  of 
u  small  telescope, 
iMO  required;  the 
when  it  is  knowu 
I,  double  convex, 
riscopic  concave, 
any  persons,  thus 
e  is  obvious.    By 


a  nlmph'  niechanh'al  adjustnifnt  with  which  the  patent  "  Ryc-TrHti>r"  Im  fur- 
nished, the  utmost  accuracy  can  be  obtained.  Another  much-needed  huprove- 
mcnt,  also  patented  by  thetu;  Kc»tlcnien,  is  the  "  Easy  FittinK  EyeCilass,"  the 
frame  of  wbhth  is  provided  with  an  elastic  contrivance  which,  to  use  their 
own  words,  "will  curl  carcHHinKly  nnd  cutely  around  the  crookedest  nose  In 
rn>ation."  The  advantages  to  be  iralncd  from  the  use  of  this  ^lass  must  ho 
experience*!  to  be  appreciated.  The  "Economical  HjM-ctacU'"  Is  also  the 
inventlim  of  this  house,  the  f^reut  advantage  belnft  in  the  end  of  the  temple 
pieces,  which  are  ilat  and  curve  slightly  outward,  thuspreventini;  the  scratch 
Ing  w>  common  to  the  ohi  style,  at  the  same  lime  holding  the  spectacles  llrmly 
In  place.  Messrs.  M.  H.  Hmlth  &  ('o.  are  the  sole  retail  agents  for  the  sale  of 
th(!se  articles  in  the  city  of  Detroit,  an<l  those  troubled  with  any  atTection  of 
tho  sight  should  pay  an  early  visit  to  their  establishment.  The  present  site  of 
the  iVuTrill  Block  was  formerly  (X'cupleil  by  an  old-fashi(mcd  two  story  brick 
building,  built  by  one  Hobert  Hmart,  who  flfty  years  ago  resi<led  in  a  small 
French  wooden  bouse  whore  tho  music  store  of  J.  P.  Weiss  now  stands.  It 
formerly  forme<t  part  of  tho  Desuoylers  estates,  who  sold  it  to  Mr.  Hmart. 
It  afterward  liecame  the  property  of  Colin  Oampbell,  a  well-known  resident. 

JOHNSTON  &  CONRATH, 

MAinirAaToaaM  or  amd  Wholhaui  DaAuna  in 

SPECTACLES  AND  EVE-GLASSES. 


Bole  Proprietors  of 

Johmbton'b  Patent 
ECONOMICAL  SPECTACLES 


Easy  Filling  Eye-Glasses. 

Also  Sole  Proprletoni  and  Manufacturera  of 

JOHNSTON  A  CONRATH'B 
PATENT 

TELESGOPie 

EYE-TESTEld, 


No.  11  HBRRiiiL  Block,  Corner  op  Jefvbrson  and  Woodward  Atkncbb, 
DETROIT,  MICHIGAN. 

MRS.  R.  W.  WRIGHT  (late  Mrs.  L.  C.  Merrltt.) 

Mn.  R.  W.  Wbioht,  the  well  known  and  ladv  like  proprietor  of  the  Empori- 
um of  Fashion,  started  biuiness  in  Detroit  about  ten  years  ago.  She  com- 
menced upon  a  very  moderate  capital  by  opening  a  small  establishment  opposite 
Uie  Michigan  Excliange,  wliere  she  reniained  for  two  years,  during  whicn  time 
■he  made  herself  thorou^ly  known,  and  gained  a  first  class  reputation,  as 
being  the  best  milliner,  dress  and  mantna  maker  in  the  city.  She  then  removed 


f^^! 


102 


THE    :.AKE   PORTS. 


to  more  commodious  premises  in  the  Opera  House  block,  where  she  remained 
for  tliree  years  gaining  fresh  laurels  continually.  Her  business  now  assumed 
mammotli  proportions,  and  necessitated  her  removal  to  her  present  larger 
premises  at  47  and  49  Monroe  avenue.  This  establishment  sui^plies  a  want  long 
felt  by  the  lailies  of  this  city,  and  that  it  is  duly  appreciated  is  amply  illust- 
rated by  the  fact  that  Mrs.  WuionT  does  as  much  busmess  as  all  the  other 
houses  of  the  same  kind  combined.  Between  thirty  and  forty  hands  are  em- 
played  in  the  various  departments,  and  all  commissions  are  executed  promptly. 


MRS.  R.W.WRIGHT 

(Fomerly  in.  L.  c.  lerritt.) 


Emporium  of  Fasbioot 

DRESSMAKER, 

Importer  of  Fashions, 

Freneh  CorMtt  aid  Paaicri. 


French,  PMn  and  Trimmed 
Patterns  SoW. 


A9K  FOR 

"  Le  Corset  Dellesant.  " 

No8. 47  AND  49  Monroe  Ave. 

Corner  of  FarrerSt., 

DETROIT,  MICHIGAN. 


S.  H.  IVES,  Pawn  Broker. 

This  is  the  oldest  and  largest  house  of  the  kind  in  the  city  of  Detroit 
having  been  established  about  ten  years  ;  for  many  years  previously  Mr. 
Ives  was  engaged  in  the  banking  and  monev  broking  business  in  the  city. 
He  is  an  extensive  importer  of  diamonds  and  watches,  and  probably  has  a 
larger  collection  of  diamonds  and  other  precious  stones  than  any  other  house 
in  the  city.  He  makes  a  specialty  of  loaning  money  on  these  and  other 
articles  of  value,  deposited  as  security.  Any  person  temporarily  embarrassed 
and  having  the  collateral  can  be  accommodated,  and  receive  honest  and 
gentlemanly  treatment  at  the  hands  of  S.  H.  Ives.  He  lately  bought  the 
stock  and  business  of  Segman  Cohn,  the  well  known  pawn  broker  of  this  city, 
located  on  Woodward  avenue,  where  be  displays  a  magnificent  stock  of 
plated  goods,  silver  ware,  jewelry,  etc. 

Mr.  Ives,  by  skillful  and  shrewd  management,  always  succeeds  in  pur- 
chasing lower  than  market  prices,  and  gives  his  customers  the  benefit  of  his 
experience,  thus  diamonds,  watches,  etc.,  can  be  bought  of  him  at  lower 
figures  than  wholesale  quotations. 


_ J 


where  she  remahied 
jiaesB  now  assumed 
her  present  larger 
m;>plies  a  want  long 
kted  is  amply  illust- 
i>8a  an  all  the  other 
iorty  hands  are  em- 
cxeeuted  promptly. 


the  city  of  Detroit 
ars  previously  Mr. 
usiness  in  the  city, 
ind  probably  has  a 
tan  any  other  house 
on  these  and  other 
orarily  embarrassed 
receive  honest  and 
s  lately  bought  the 
broker  of  this  city, 
lagniflcent  stock  of 

.'8  succeeds  in  pur- 
rs the  benefit  of  his 
ht  of  him  at  lower 


Ti'K    LAKE   PORTS. 


103 


S.    H.    IVKS, 

^L-OAN    ORRICE,  :;^D 

Corner  Woodward  Avenue  and  Conguess  Street, 


Ubenil  Advaacea  on  DIAMONDS,   WATCIIBS  and    JEWBIiBV, 


Have  OD  hand  a  Urga  8took  of  Forfeited  Pledge*  which  I  will  sell  tit 
OREATLT   KEDnCRD  PRICES. 

Importer  and  Dealer  in 

FINE  WATCHES  AND  DIAMONDS,  RICH  JEWELRY 

AND  SILVER  WARE. 


Watches,  Clocks,  Jewelry,  Musical  Boxes,  etc.. 

Promptly  Repaired  and  Warranted  Bquat  to  New. 

67  Woodward  Avenue, Detroit.  Mich. 


JAMES  P.  DONALDSON  &  CO. 

This  house,  succesHors  to  Dunlap,  Donaldson  &  Co.,  have  for  some  time 
been  extensively  engaged  in  the  sale  of  cordage,  naval  stores,  tackles,  bloclcs, 
wire  rope,  etc.,  at  23  Woodward  avenue.  Indeed,  a  general  ship  chandlery 
business  is  successfully  conducted  by  tbese  gentlemen.  Successful  from  tne 
fact  that  nothing,  however  trivial,  needed  about  a  boat  or  vessel,  either  usetul 
or  ornamental,  can  be  asked  for  which  they  are  not  ab'.e  to  supply,  in  con- 
nection with  the  above,  they  deal  largely  in  paints,  oils,  rubber  pacing, 
hose,  roofing  felt  and  cement.  Their  sail  loft,  occupying  the  upper  part  o,. 
the  building,  is  one  of  the  most  spacious  and  well  appointed  m  the  city. 
They  make  a  specialty  of  the  manufacture  of  awnings,  sails,  tents,  flags,  etc;. 

JAS.  p.  DONALDSON  &  CO. 

DBALMIS  n 

Railway,  steamboat  and  manufacturers'  supplies, 

CORDAGE,  TWINES,  COTTON  DUCK,  r-J:::^ 

Rubber  and  l-.eat,her  Belting.  Packing  Hose. 
NAVAL  STORES,  WIRE  ROPE,  ETC. 


lumnrAOTDBBis  of 

AWNINGS,  SAILS,  TENTS,  FLAGS,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Ofpiob,  22  Woodward  Ave.,       -       -       Dbtboit,  Michigan 


I 


J       


104 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


IM 


J.  P.  WEISS. 

"  Music  hath  charms  to  sooth  the  troubled  breast,"  so  saith  the  po<  t,  and 
those  whose  bosoms  are  agitated  with  conflicting  emotions,  no  matter  what 
their  character,  should  pay  an  early  visit  to  this  well  known  establishment, 
where  every  description  of  musical  merchandise  is  kept  in  stock,  from  a  one- 
key  fife  to  a  $2,006  organ.  Mr.  Weiss  ia  a  gentleman  of  superior  ability  as  a 
musician,  and  possesses  an  intimate  knowledge  of  the  mechanical  structure 
of  the  various  articles  in  which  he  deals  ;  these  nualities,  together  with  his 
large  experience  in  the  business,  acquired  by  cl'  se  application,  during  a  ^reat 
number  of  years,  makes  him  a  most  reliable  e.ponent  of  all  things  pertaming 
to  the  musical  world.  His  stock  of  sheet  m'tsic  is  complete,  and  is  constantly 
being  augmented  by  the  latest  productions  of  standard  authors. 

Those  desirous  of  purchasing  an  organ,  piano  or  any  kind  of  musical 
instrument,  will  do  well  to  avad  themselves  of  this  gentleman's  unequaled 
experience.  As  a  man  Mr.  Weiss  possesses  all  the  attributes  that  go  to  make 
a  perfect  gentleman  ;  and  as  a  citizen  his  universal  urbanity  and  benevolence 
has  won  to  him  a  host  of  friends. 


•.'I! 


J.    R.    WEISS, 


Dealer  in 


MUSICAL    INSTRUMENTS,  SHEET    MUSIC, 
And  Musical  Merchandise  of  Every  Description. 


Platans  Sold  on  MoBtlily  Payment*, 

Pianos  ranging  in  Price  from  $150,  $200  and  $300,  withotit  eaUing 
them  $800  or  $1,000  Piamn. 

I  vleo  call  your  attentloa  to  the  oeNbrated  and  world  reaowned 
Of  which  I  keep  a  large  etook  od  hoi^d   for  purobaeen  to   seleet  from. 

KAIR  DEALING  18  OITABANTEBD. 

72  Woodward  AvBiftTB,  Dbtroit, 


SWIFT  &  DODDS. 

In  no  branch  of  science  has  more  progress  been  observable  or  more 
important  discoveries  made  in  the  same  space  of  time  than  in  pharmacy  and 
remedies  for  diseases,  and  no  city  can  claim  in  its  pharmaceutical  membership 
a  class  of  druggists  more  thoroughly  educated  or  more  reliable  in  their  pro 
fession  than  the  city  of  Detroit    Among  the  most  prominent  of  them  is  the 


t:.U^ 


ith  the  po<  t,  and 
,  no  matter  what 
n  establishment, 
tock,  from  a  one- 
)erior  ability  as  a 
hanical  structure 
ogether  with  his 
m,  during  a  ^reat 
things  pertaining 
and  IS  constantly 
ors. 

kind  of  musical 
man's  unequaled 
)  that  go  to  make 
and  benevolence 


\ 


lUSIC, 
m. 


without  eaUing 

mowned 

o   selMt  from. 


lervable  or  more 
in  pharmacy  and 
itical  membership 
ible  in  their  pro 
at  of  them  is  the 


'^■■■"y*^-'!'^;  "jiji-<— 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


lOS 


well-known  house  of  Swift  &  Dodds,  whose  extensive  premises  at  54  Wood- 
ward avenue  are  profusely  stocked  with  the  thousand  requisites  tliat  go  to  make 
up  a  thoroughly  first-class  house  in  this  line.  Care  and  experience  have  enabled 
this  house  to  furnish  each  department  with  the  best  of  goods,  and  their  stock 
of  paints,  oils,  vatnishes,  chemicals,  heavy  drugs,  glue?,  manufacturers'  sup- 
plies, etc.,  are  thoroughly  up  to  the  market  standai.J,  and  in  quantities 
sufficient  to  meet  the  demands  of  any  trade.  This,  in  brief,  is  a  model  house, 
representing  and  exerting  a  vast  influence  over  the  country  it  controls  for  its 
trade,  and  one  which  has  done  much  to  keep  steadily  in  the  advance  the 
growing  interests  of  this  business  in  the  great  commercial  field  of  the  West, 
and  by  the  application  of  all  those  essential  (lualities  requisite  for  the  success- 
ful carrying  on  of  any  enterprise. 

SWIFT  &  DODDS, 

^W^HOLESALE  Druggists, 

54  WOODWARD  AVENUE.  DETROIT,  MICH. 


LAZIER  &  CO.,  Commission  and  Forwarding, 

FOOT  OF  PIBST  STREET. 

On  the  dock,  fronting  on  the  beautiful  Detroit  river,  is  the  oldest  estab- 
lishment in  the  forwarding  and  commission  business,  and  largest  in  the  West. 
This  building  has  a  river  frontage  of  175  feet  by  200  feet  deep,  three  stories 
and  shed  attached,  all  being  built  of  brick,  affording  ample  room  for  the 
large  amount  of  freight  that  includes  grain,  country  produce,  lime,  salt,  and 
mining  supplies  that  are  shipped  by  the  boat  load  to  up-lake  regions. 

Lazier  «&  Co.  are  successors  to  Buckley  &  Co..  whose  predecessors  were: 
Qurdon  Williams  &  Co.,  1844;  G.  O.  Williams  &  Co.,  1854;  Williams  &  Co., 
1862;  Lazier  <&  Co.,  1875,  and  occupied  the  building  as  long  ago  as  1844, 
when  it  was  built  specially  for  the  business  by  Gen.  Cass,  for  "Uncle  Gurdon 
Williams,"  so-called.  These  enterprising  proprietors  have  always  had  a  large 
capital,  and  done  an  immense  business,  which  has  never  been  less  than  a  mil- 
lion dollars,  and  often  double  that  amount. 

The  Lake  Superior  trade  demands  their  principiil  attention— which  takes 
a  leading  position  in  mining  supplies — and  have  always  been  agents  for  a 
line  of  steamers  to  upper  lakes,  where  there  are  innumerable  resources  of 
wealth.  Ward's  magnificent  line  of  steamers,  of  which  there  are  eight,  leave 
this  wharf  during  the  summer,  for  pleasure  trips  a-  d  excursions  to  the  beau- 
tiful waters  of  Lake  Huron,  Michigan  and  Superior.  Lazier  &  Co.  are 
the  agents. 

JACOB  MANN,  Lager  Beer. 

-  The  manufacture  of  lager  beer  is  a  more  important  feature  in  the  city's 
trade  than  the  unitiated  ma^  suppose,  and  Jacob  Mann,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  is  a  fair  representative  of  the  brewery  interests  in  this  city.  He  has 
the  reputation  of  making  one  of  the  finest  articles  of  lager  beer  known  to 
the  trade,  and  sends  it  M  over  the  State.  Mr.  Mann  makes  a  specialty  of 
brewed  beer  for  bottlers,  and  in  this  branch  of  his  trade  has  few  equals  and 
no  superiors.  He  puts  it  vi|.  i  i  whole  barrels,  half  barrels,  and  quarters. 
To  be  a  good  lager  beer  brewer  is  to  be  a  successful  man  financially,  and 
Mr.  Maun  appears  to  have  discovered  the  secret  and  is  successfully  acting 
upon  it.  Parties  who  are  dissatisfied  with  the  quality  of  the  beer  they  have 
been  using,  can  rely  upon  getting  perfect  satisfaction  by  ordering  of  Jacob 
Mann's  famous  brewery.  He  can  supply  you  at  28  and  30  Maple  street,  cor- 
ner of  Rivard,  or  at  his  brewery.  843  to  351  Rivard  street. 
2 

Sttrtit. 


io6 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


LEWIS  MANN,  Bottled  Beer. 

This  in  the  largest  beer  bottling  works  in  the  city.  Mr.  Mann  com.nenced 
the  bottling  of  beer  about  six  years  ago,  for  the  purpose  of  supplying  lovers 
of  the  ueverage  with  a  purer  quality  of  bottled  beer  than  had  been  furnished 
heretofore,  llis  bottling  establishment  is  located  at  811  Rivard  street, 
Detroit,  where  he  keeps  a  supply  of  flne  bottled  lager  and  pure  distilled  cider. 
Mr.  Mann  has  received  letters  patent  for  a  case  for  the  shipment  of  bottled 
beer  and  cider,  insuring  safe  transportation  from  Detroit  to  any  part  of  the 
State.  These  cases  are  a  splendid  invention,  and  well  desjrving  of  the  notice 
of  beer  bottlers  and  shippers.  They  are  sold  at  a  moderate  figure  to  all  per- 
sons requiring  them.  On  the  left  end  of  the  case  is  a  shipping  tag,  which  is 
pasted  or  tacked,  and  covering  the  head  of  the  screw  and  securing  that  end 
of  the  cover,  at  the  same  time  showing  if  the  cose  has  been  opened  during 
transfer.  He  has  always  on  hand  a  large  stock  of  beer,  and  sells  bottler's 
outfits  at  wholcsule  prices. 

~       JACOB  MANN,      ~ 


lapr  Beer  Brewer, 


No8.  2^  &30  Maple  Street, 


im 


(Corner  of  Rivard), 


And  from  343  to  351  Rivard  Street. 


i^l^^.aOIT,  MICHIGAN. 


LEWIS  MANH5 

POTTLED  LAOEJ' 

BEER 


BEER  BOTTLES  AND  OUTFITS 


AT  WHOLR8ALB  AND  RETAIL  BT 


us-^rxs  :fi^A.iNrN-. 


Ul  Blvart  It,  DiitnU.,  Mok. 


k 


i 


lann  com.nenced 
supplying  lovers 
.(1  been  furnished 
1  Uivard  street, 
ire  distilled  cider, 
pment  of  bottled 
any  part  of  the 
ving  of  the  notice 
figure  to  all  per- 
>ing  tag,  which  is 
ecuring  that  end 
in  opened  during 
and  sells  bottler's 


Brewer, 

iple  Street, 

[VARD), 

f  Rivard  Street, 
:^H1GAN. 

ND  OUTFITS 

D  BBTAIl.  Bt 

nit.,  Mok. 


T 


THE    LAKE    PORTS 


107 


JOHN  H.  WENDALL  &  CO.,  Commission  Merchants, 

54  AND  50  KIVKK  STREET. 

This  well-known  commission  firm  commenced  business  in  1865,  at  No.  12 
Atwater  street,  afterwards  removing  to  their  present  flve-story  brick  build- 
ing, which  is  40x80  feet. 

This  firm  encircles  one  of  the  largest  cor  mission  interests  in  the  State. 
Their  business  during  the  year  187(1  reached  about  $4,500,000,  which  shows 
well  for  the  transactions  and  steady  increase  of  their  business. 

They  started  with  a  uMKlenUe  capital,  which  has  increased  steadily  from 
year  to  year. 

They  receive  consignments  of  flour,  grain,  pork  and  seeds,  from  all  pavtn 
of  the  United  States  and  Canadas.  Thev  till  orders  to  all  parts  of  the  United 
States  and  Canadas,  and  have  filled  grain  orders  the  past  year  for  London, 
Liverpool  and  Glasgow. 

These  gentlemen  have  had  long  and  tried  experience  in  the  commission 
business,  to  which  they  have  devoted  their  entire  time.  They  are  well  and 
favorably  known  throughout  the  entire  coimtry,  and  occupy  a  large  space  at 
the  head  of  the  commission  houses  of  the  West.  They  are  keen  thmkers, 
nhrewd  in  all  their  dealings,  for  the  same  reason  they  enjoy  immeasurable 
popularity  throughout  the  country. 

THE  GREAT  WABASH  RAILWAY. 

The  railroad  systems  of  the  United  States  are  perfect  marvels  of  complete- 
ness, taken  as  a  whole,  and  in  some  few  instances,  individually.  Among  the 
latter  may  be  classed  the  Great  Wabash,  which  is  one  of  the  most  important 
entering  the  city  of  Detroit,  through  its  connections  with  the  Canada  Southern 
and  Michigan  Southern  Roads.  One  of  the  most  important  trunk  roads  in  the 
country,  it  owns  and  controls  over  one  thousand  miles  of  railroad,  and  its  T'eight 
and  passenger  trafllc  is  something  enormous  on  account  of  its  sure  connections 
with  other  main  lines.  As  a  medium  of  public  locomotion  it  has  become  a  gen- 
eral favorite,  both  with  travelers  and  shippers.  Safety  both  to  life  and  property 
being  eisured  by  the  care  and  watchfulness  with  v;hich  it  is  mann«g*>d  m  its 
several  departments.  It  now contrKls  and  operates  the  following  lines:  Toledo 
to  St.  Louib,  four  hundred  and  thirty-four  miles ;  Toledo  to  Hannibal,  four 
hundred  and  sixty-four  miles ;  Toledo  toQuincy,  four  hundred  and  seventv-four 
miles ;  Toledo  to  Keokuk,  four  hundred  and  nim.-ty  miles ;  Toledo  to  t'eoria 
four  hundred  miles ;  and  Toledo  to  Bloomingtou,  three  hundred  and  twenty- 
two  miles.  Any  new  departure  by  competing  roads  is  speedily  followed  up  by 
similar  Improvements  on  this  road,  and  the  last  train,  which  has  for  the  past 
few  weeks  been  running  from  Kansas  City,  Atchison  and  St.  Joseph  to  Toledo, 
a  distance  of  seven  hundred  miles  in  twenty-four  hours,  without  change  of 
either  passenger  or  baggage,  is  highly  appreciable  by  a  large  proportion  of  the 
traveling  public.  Its  general  offices  are  at  ''oledo,  mjd  under  its  new  lUanage- 
ment  if  'promises  to  be  a  source  of  considerable  pn>2it  to  the  shareholders.  Mr. 
A.  L  !  'jpkins,  a  gentleman  of  a  large  railri>ad  experience,  and  well  known 
Uirougiiout  the  country  as  a  successful  and  popular  man  In  all  mn,tters  connected 
with  railroad  management,  lias  lately  taken  the  general  manaf^ment,  and  it  is 
confidently  expected  that  under  his  government  the  line  will  i.ot  only  maintiUn 
its  already  enviable  popularity,  but  wlvance  to  the  front  ranks  cmong  the  great 
tlirough  lines  of  the  continent.  Mr.  H.  Townsend  ir  the  g(  i-ai  passenger  and 
ticket  og^nt,  and  is  a  gentleman  in  everv  sense  of  the  wort,  being  honorable 
and  upi^t  in  his  dealings,  courteous  and  affable  to  ail  wi^h  whom  bis  business 
brings  him  in  contact.  In  point  of  eiBciency  foi-  bis  oneious  office,  his  large 
experience  and  intimate  acquaintance  with  every  detail  of  liis  department, 
renders  him  well  qualifled  to  fill  the  position.  During  ids  administration  of  the 
Toledo,  Peoria  &  Warsaw  road,  which  now  forms  a  branch  of  the  Great  Wa- 
bash, he  worked  Rnceasingly  to  bring  the  passenger  basiueas  up  to  a  creditable 
standard,  and  it  may  confidently  oe  presumed  that  the  same  energy  will  be  dis- 
played in  the  intesests  of  tills  popular  route,  and  wiUi  like  satisfactory  results. 


io8 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


THE  MICHIGAI^  STOVE  COMPANY. 

The  Impetus  given  to  miinufiicturerH  in  Michigan  by  the  development  of 
itH  mineral  wealtli,  is  in  no  Western  citv  better  demonstrated  than  in  Detroit, 
and  by  no  industry  better  than  that  which  forms  the  subject  of  this  article. 
The  magnificent  show  rooms,  foundries,  moulding  shops,  etc.,  of  this  com- 
pany, occupy  a  commanding  situation  on  Jefferson  avenue,  and  run  back 
almost  to  the  Detroit  river,  covering  an  area  of  about  10,0()0  square  feet. 
Upon  entering  the  river  from  JeflFerson  avenue,  the  visitor  is  introduced  to 
the  show  room,  an  apartment  120  feet  long  by  50  feet  wide,  in  whicth  are  ar- 
ran'^cil  the  various  stoves  and  ranges  manufactured  by  the  C?ompany. 
Among  the  most  prominent  of  these  arc  the  "Centennial,"  "Iron, Age," 
"Forest  Light,"  and  "Garland,"  the  last  named  being  by  far  superior  to 
anything  of  the  kind  now  before  the  public. 

From  the  show  room  we  pass  to  the  offices,  rcsplendant  w^ith  plate  glass 
and  hiiudsomely  carved  walnut  furniture.  Next  comes  the  moulding  floor, 
227  by  90,  added  to  which  is  »  supplementary  building,  70  by  90  feet,  then 
the  mounting  and  finishing  root  i,  where  one's  voice  is  completely  lost  amid 
the  whir  of  numberless  emery  wheels  ;  thence  to  thu  fitting  rooms,  and 
finally  to  the  polishing  department,  where  a  numb'  i-  of  men  and  bovs  are 
constantly  employed  prerrtring  the  different  styles  of  trimmings  ready  for 
receiving  the  nickel  plating — in  the  fine  finish  !\:u\  execution  of  which  this 
Company  excels  all  others. 

Before  closing  this  brief  sketch  of  so  worthy  an  enterprise,  tve  would 
like  to  add  a  few  remarks  respecting  the  new  base  burner  just  completed  by 
this  Company.  We  refer  to  the  "  Uarland,"  a  production  of  artistic  beauty, 
skill,  and  mechanical  finish,  which  any  similar  establishment  will  find  it  diffi- 
cult to  surpass.  In  perfecting  '.],u  designs  and  patterns  for  this  stove,  thy 
Company  has  spared  neither  tiriie,  trouble  nor  expense,  and  the  result  ha.<i 
proved  in  every  particular  sat! -factory;  indeed,  the  "Garland  "  has  but  few 
equals  and  no  superiors,  and  the  great  object  which  the  Company  had  in 
view  when  this  stove  was  placed  upon  the  market,  has  been  fully  realized, 
viz:  beauty  of  design,  durability  of  workmanship,  and  prices  that  challenge 
conaijetition. 

Tlie  new  building  now  occupied  and  owned  by  the  Company  was  erected 
in  1871,  and  is  in  every  way  adapted  to  the  requirements  of  so  extensive  a 
manufactory.  The  present  capacity  of  the  works  is  twenty-five  thousand 
stoves  per  annum,  in  the  manufacture  of  which  a  force  of  three  hundred  and 
fifty  men  is  employed,  and  in  which  a  capital  of  $400,000  is  invested.  The 
officers  of  the  Company  are  gentlemen  well  known  in  business  circles  through- 
out the  United  States,  and  upon  whose  integrity  and  fair  dealing  all  classes 
may  rely  with  the  utmost  confidence.  Mr.  F.  Palms,  who  has  for  many  years 
been  nbminently  associated  with  the  manufacturing  interests  of  this  city,  is 
presiuent;  M.  I.  Mills, vice-president  and  treasurer;  6.  H.  Barbour,  secretary 
and  assistant  treasurer;  J.  Dwykr,  manager,  and  B.  M.  Anthony,  salesman. 
These  names,  combined  with  the  universal  popularity  of  the  articles  manu- 
factured by  the  Company,  ensure  a  future  realization  (and  that  at  no  distant 
day)  of  the  most  sanguine  expectatio  ?,  and  the  honors  so  recently  conferred 
upon  them  at  our  nation's  first  centennial,  are  but  the  foreshadowing  of  still 
greater  achievements  in  the  time  to  come. 


W.  Mes^RnX'S  NEW  TEMPLE  OF  FASHIONS. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  notei  '>rtby  of  Detroit's  institutions.  No  me 
knows  better  tnan  the  ladies  themselvu.-f  what  is  contained  in  the  magnifi- 
cently appointed  rooms  of  the  Temple  of  Fashions.  The  manufacture  of 
ladies'  garments  has  become,  by  reason  of  arbitrary  fashion,  which  compels 
its  votaries  to  submit  to  numberless  extravagant  though  beautiful  modes  of 
attire,  a  fine  art.  8uch  skill  is  required  in  designing  and  trimming,  that 
many  years'  experience  are  absolutely  necessary  before  the  dress-maker  cuu 


Ill  li-»T|-Tn1l'"irilirT- 


an'iifti'g^f- 


THR    LAKE    PORTS. 


109 


levelopmout  of 
linn  in  Detroit, 
of  this  article. 
.,  of  this  com- 
und  run  back 
IH)  square  feet. 
« introduced  to 
n  whi(!h  are  ar- 
the  Company. 
'  "Iron, Age," 
far  superior  to 

vith  plate  glass 
moulding  floor, 
y  90  feet,  then 
letely  lost  amid 
ing  rooms,  and 
sn  and  boys  are 
niugs  ready  for 
n  of  which  this 

)nse,  ve  would 
ist  completed  by 
■  artistic  beauty, 
will  And  it  dsffl- 
r  this  stove,  th«J 
»d  the  result  has 
id  "  has  but  few 
Company  had  in 
a  fully  realized, 
38  that  challenge 

pany  was  erected 
of  so  extensive  a 
ity-ftve  thousand 
liree  hundred  and 
8  invested.     The 
s  circles  through- 
lealing  all  classes 
as  for  many  years 
jts  of  this  city,  is 
iRBOUR,  secretary 
THONY,  salesman, 
he  articles  manu- 
that  at  no  distant 
recently  conferred 
shadowing  of  still 


(HIONS. 

titutions.  Nc  me 
d  in  the  magnifl- 
ae  manufacture  of 
,n,  which  compels 
(eautifnl  modes  of 
ad  trimming,  that 
e  dress-maker  onu 


hope  for  success.  W.  Mehiiitt  and  his  wife  have  had  the  necessary  i'.xperi- 
ence,  and  the  result  is  that  the  style  and  beauty  of  the  productions  of  the 
Templi!  of  Fashions  an;  perfection  itself,  und  not  to  be  surpassed  even  by  the 
world-renowned  Wortli.  The  establishment  is  situated  at  Nos.  48,  50  and  52 
Farrnr  street,  opposite  the  Now  Library  Ruilding,  and  a  more  desirable  loca- 
tion would  be  impossible  to  find,  in  close  proximity  to  Woodward  avenue  ((me 
of  the  prinwipiil  thoroughfares  of  the  citv),  and  yet  avoldiug  all  the  noise  and 
bu8tl(!  of  that  busy  street,  while  the  Library  Building  with  its  pretty  sur- 
rounding grass  plot,  immediatelyopposite,  materially  enhance  the  retirement 
and  quiet  of  the  situation.  The  "Temple"  was  opened  in  May,  187(1,  and 
notwithstanding  its  recent  birth  is  in  an  extremely  flourishing  condition.  It 
was  impossibie  for  such  an  institution  to  exist  in  Detroit  without  speedily 
being  cliscovered  by  the  ladies  ;  so  Mr.  iind  Mrs.  Merritt  found,  their  business 
increasing  so  rapiilly  as  Ui  necessitate  the  engagement  of  about  twcnty-flve 
employes.  His  rooms  are  elegantly  furnished,  and  a  choice  display  of  the 
latest  patterns  and  French  styles  are  (instantly  on  exhibition.  Mr.  Slerritt  is 
also  a  clever  designer  and  trimmer,  and  ladies  depending  upon  his  skill  and 
judgment  always  have  reason  to  congratulate  themselves  upon  so  doing. 

W.    MERR  ITT'S 

isrK^\^  TBJMPLE  OF  F^eHioisrs 

Corner  of  Gratiot  Avenub  and  Farrab  Street, 
(Nob.  48,  80  and  52,  opi)OHite  the  New  Libraiy  Building.)  DETROIT,  MICH. 

{Sg^  N  B.— Ladies'  Robes,  Suits  and  Wraps,  eleeant  and  stylisli,  made  or  fumistied  to 
onler.    Also,  the  latest  imported  French  Fashions  for  sale.    Onlers  executed  promptly. 

FORD,  CHENEY  &  CO. 

TLis  firm  has  the  reputation  of  being  the  first  millinery  house  in  Detroit. 
Upon  ir.specting  their  magnificent  stock,  embracing  as  it  does,  a  large  and  com- 
prehensive assortment  of  all  appertaining  to  this  important  business,  one  soon 
becomes  a  convert  to  the  belief  that  no  store  in  the  city  possesses  as  many 
attractions  for  the  fair  sex  as  the  one  in  question,  and  to  judge  from  the 
constant  throng  of  visitors  to  the  establishment,  it  is  correspondingly  well 
patronized.  The  firm  import  largely,  and  make  it  a  point  to  keep  on  hand  the 
latest  styles  in  bonnets,  hats,  etc.,  for  ladies  wear.  One  of  the  reasons  for  the 
unwonted  success  of  this  firm  is  the  fact  that  nothing,  however  trival,  can  be 
asked  for  in  connection  with  the  millinery  business  which  they  have  not  on 
htod.  Their  assortment  of  Ostrich  tips,  fancy  feathers,  French  flowers,  and 
all  the  new  shades  of  silks  and  ribbons  is  a  very  fine  one  and  deserving  of  a 
special  notice.  To  conclude,  ladies  about  purchasing  anything  in  the  millinery 
line,  cannot  do  better  than  pay  a  v'sit  to  the  reliable  establishment  of  Messrs. 
FoKD,  OhBNEy  &  Co.,  at  172  Woodward  avenue. 

DETROIT  &  MILWAUKEE  R.  R. 

The  above  road  extends  from  Detroit  to  Grand  Haven,  a  distance  of  one 
hundred  and  eighty-nine  miles,  connecting  by  steamboats  with  Milwaukee.  It 
connects  with  the  Flint  &  Pere  Marquette,  at  Holly ;  the  Jackson,  Lansing  & 
Saginaw,  at  Owasso;  the  Detroit,  Lansing  &  Lake  Micliigan,  at  Ionia;  the 
Grand  Rapids,  Newago  &  Lake  Shore  and  the  Grand  Rapids  &  Indiana,  at 
Grand  Rapids;  the  Chicago  &  Michigan  Lake  Shore,  at  Nunica;  and  the 
Michigan  Lake  Shore,  at  Ferr.  sburg.  The  Detroit  &  Milwaukee  Railroad  has 
gained  the  good  will  of  the  traveling  public  as  well  as  business  men,  from  the 
promptness  and  care  exercised  in  the  transmission  of  freight,  the  consideration 
with  which  passengers  are  treated,  the  gentlemanly  deport  ment  of  its  ofllcers 
and  its  extremely  U)W  rates  of  freight  and  travel.  Mr.  Alfred  White  is  the 
general  freight  agent,  and  these  departments, under  his  skillful  rule,  are  becom- 
ing deservedly  popular. 


w/ 


WOHNLICH  &  ZABRISKIE. 

This  Arm  Htartod  in  buHinc8s  in  1871,  with  a  Hmull  capital,  employing  nt  the 
preHcut  time  five  flrst-cl«HH  workm(!n,  nnd  have  nil  modern  fncilitieH  for 
cutting  all  kinds  of  HtcncilH,  platen,  and  making  wax  Healn,  Hteel  HtampR,  linen 
platcH  and  brantling  irons,  nnd  key  tags,  brusue.s,  marking  fluid,  and  ke<pH 
cnnvnsHerH'  outflts  of  nil  kinds  on  hand,  and  a  specialty  of  the  U.  S.  standard 
scales  ;  and  are  the  manufacturers  of  mathematical  and  surveying  inKtru- 
ments,  nnd  n  specialty  of  models  for  patent  offices. 

Surgical  instruments  made  to  order.  These  gentlemen  havj  had  long 
experience  in  their  business,  nnd  rank  soeon^  to  none  in  the  state. 


Models  Made  for  the  Patent  Office. 


Manufacturers  of  superior  STENCILS,  Seal  Presses  and  Wax  Seals,  RUBBER 
STAMPS,  Uiblmn,  Bank  and  Railroad  Stamps,  STEEL  LETTERS,  and 
Stamps  for  Patentetl  Articles,  etc.,  Burt^ing  Brands,  Soap  Stamps, 
Metallic  Labels,  Patented  Adhesive  Letters  for  Show  Cards, 
Signs,  etc.,  Baggage  Checks,  Badges,  Stencil  Canvass- 
ers' Stock,  Door  Plates  and  Numbers,  also  Metal- 
lic Pattern  Letters,  f.>r  Foundrymen,  etc. 

Steel  Tapes,  Chains,  Drafting  Instruments,  Etc, 
Also  Repairitig  and  Adjusting. 

Lathes  for  $0.00  and  Upward. 
ilcvolt  %xtms  to  V  $  1 . 2  5 


AND  UPWARD, 

For  MECir.iNios,  .Iewei,ekb, 
Dentists  &  Amateukb. 


Turning  Tools,  Slide  Rests,  Taps  and 

Dies,  Chucks,  Machine  Screws,  Calipers, 
Hand  Vises  and  Hand  Drilling  Machines. 
AUo  Scroll  Sawing  Materials,  Patterns,   Woods,  Etc. 


Dealers  in  Morse's  Twist  DRiiii.s,  Stekx,  Scales,  Squares,  and  other 
Tools  of  Darling,  Brown  &  Sharp's  make.  P.S. — Stubs' English  Tools  and 
Wire,  and  Model  Makers'  Supplies.  Architects'  and  Surveyors'  Goods. 
Circulars  sent  free.  WOHNLlCil  &  ZABRISKIE,  60  Woodward  Ave. 
Detroit,  Mich. 


-^.i 


ilnying  nt  the 
fiicilities  for 
Htiimpn,  linun 
d,  and  ke'3pH 
'.  S.  atanilHrd 
eyinR  intitru- 

\vS  hud  long 
tc, 


al8,  RUBBER 
PERS,  and 
Stamps, 
!arda, 

SB- 


ments,  Etc. 

pward. 

RD, 

[ewelers, 

ATEUnS. 

Paps  and 

;)alipers, 
hines. 
Woods,  Etc. 


RE8,  and  other 
glish  Tools  and 
veyors'  Goods, 
'^oodward  Ave. 


.:■,,.„... ...-...^^.n-lK-^^:.-,?..  ■ 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


Ill 


MUMFORD,  FOSTER  &  CO.,  Leather  and  Findings. 

This  is  a  large  and  pieusunt  appearing  cstabliuhment,  occupying  a  four 
story  building,  80  feet  frort  l>y  120  feet  in  depth,  is  situated  at  Itf  Orutoit 
avenue.  The  members  of  the  Hrm  are  B.  P.  Mumford,  E.  D.  Foster  and 
DouoLAB  Payne.  This  house  was  established  in  18U3,  on  Monroe  avenue, 
which  they  moved  to  in  1876.  These  gentlemen  are  perfectly  skilled  in  their 
business;  all  energetic,  industrious,  powerful  in  plan,  and  good  to  execute. 
They  employ  twenty-flve  hands,  and  two  foremen,  at  their  factory,  401  At- 
water  street,  where  they  manufecture  lasts,  boot  trees,  crimps,  ancf  have  an 
extensive  trade  throughout  the  United  States.  They  keen  a  superior  quality 
of  goods  in  their  line,  which  gives  any  wholesale  and  retail  house  an  enviable 
reputation,  and  furnishes  customers  every  imaginable  opportunity  for  selec- 
tion.    Annual  sales  amount  to  $150,000. 

A.  DONDERO,  Willow  Ware,  dio.. 

Located  at  57  Monroe  avenue,  is  engaged  in  the  manufacture  and  importa- 
tion of  willow  ware  on  a  very  extensive  scale.  His  wholesale  and  retail 
trade  is  quite  large,  and  his  work  is  of  a  very  superior  character.  Per- 
sons desiring  anything  in  his  line  may  rely  on  being  suited  both  as  to  price 
and  quality  of  goods. 


r°=i} 


A..    X>ONDJ!3RO, 

Manufacturer  and  Wholesale  and  Itetail 
Dealer  and  Importer  in 

Willow  Ware,  Sofas,  Chairs, 

Work  Stands,  Baskets,  Flower  Stands  and 

all  Idnds  of  Fancy  Willow  Ornaments. 

Repairing  Neatly  Ezecuted. 

57  Monroe  Ave.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


I(kw  kud  dolledtion  Offide^ 

Established  in  Michigan,  1859. 


WM.  S.  EDWARDS, 
6,  6,  7  &  8  Lewrla  Block,  Detroit, 

Nearly  opposite  Post  OflBce. 
EASTERN  DISTRICT  U.  8.  COURT. 


EDWARDS  &  DOR  AN, 

Pierce  Block,     -     Grand  Baplds, 

WESTERN  DISTRICT. 


Bankrupt  Cases,  Unsettled  E^states,  Copartnership  Accounts,  and  Ceneral  Mer- 
cantile  Collections  attended  to. 

R.  O.  RUDr)  &  SON, 

PROPRIETORS    OF     VALLEY     MILLS. 
Orion,  Oakland  Co.,  nicli. 

Dealers  in  Flour,  Mill  Feed,  Com,  Oats,  Plaster,  Etc.  Also  manufac- 
turers and  dealers  in  superior  brands  of  White  Wheat  Flour. 
51  MICHIGAN  AVENUE. 


GEO.  D.  MACKIMMIE, 
DEALER  IN  DRUGS,  MEDICINES,  PERFUMES  &  FANCY  ARTICLE 

Corner  First  Street  and  Jefferson  Avenue, 

,  UBTROrr,  MICH. 

Physicians'  Prescriptions  a  specialty. 

Joseph.  Schneider, 

ST9  Grand  Blver  Avenue,         •  •  DETROIT,  KIIOH., 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealer  in  PINE  LUMBER,  SHINGLES, 

LATH,  PICKETS,  ETC. 
Cor.  Fourth  St.  and  Oraud  Ave.,  Dktboit,  Mich. 


^..^..i.V.^....,.^^.!,,^,,..^ 


MICHIGAN  IN  1877. 


is-  ^^»»-j 


wt- 


THE    SJ  ATE    CAIMIOI.,    LANSING. 


HISTORICAL  REVIEW. 


[jflCHIGAN  poBsesses  an  area  of  5(t,4.')l  square  miles,  Uavinx  more  than 
'  New  York,  Massachuselts  aiid  Ithodo  Island  combined.  It  is  divided 
.  into  t  .vo  peninsulas.  The  lower,  being  mucli  the  oldest  settled  and 
most  populous,  has  an  area  38,871  square  miles.  It  is  completely 
Burrouuded  <;Q  three  sides  by  the  waters  of  tlie  northwestern  lalces,  which 
(mvelope  it  with  a  WM-m,  moist  atmosphere,  favorable  alilie  to  iiealth  and  agri- 
culture. The  variety  of  its  soil  admits  of  the  successful  cultivation  of  all  the 
cereals  (the  Michigar.  white  wheat,  especially,  being  world  renowned),  the  root 
and  fruit  crops,  sorghum  and  tobacco.  This  portion  is  plentifully  Intervened 
with  navigable  rivers  and  useful  water  courses,  which  run  far  into  the  interior, 
amidst  forests  of  pine,  oak,  black  walnut  and  other  timber. 

The  Upper  Peninsula  adioins  Wisconsin  on  the  west,  but  is  otherwise  sur- 
rounded by  water,  and  separated  from  the  Lower  Peninsula  by  the  Straits  of 
Machinaw.  It  has  an  area  of  2a,580  miles,  which  is  entirely  different  in  its 
conformation  from  the  Lower  I' ninsula,  being  rugged,  rocky  and  mountain- 
ous, though  interspersed  with  plain,  river  and  valley.  The  climate  here  is 
equable,  and  the  air  pure  and  bracing,  but  the  winters  are  of  longer  duration 
than  in  the  Lower  Peninsula.  It  abounds  in  mineral  deposits,  which  have  been 
mined  with  increasing  energy  and  profit  for  twenty-five  years.    Michigan  was 


&:•. 

KT 


immm-  - 


ving  more  than 
1.  It '}%  divided 
ili'Bt  settled  and 
t  is  completely 
n  lakes,  which 
health  and  agri- 
ation  of  all  the 
wned),  the  root 
fully  intervened 
nto  the  interior, 

I  otherwise  sur- 
by  the  Siralts  of 
different  m  its 
'  and  mountain- 
climate  here  is 
longer  duration 
which  have  been 
.    Michigan  was 


THK    LAKK    FORTS. 


"3 


admitted  Into  the  Union  an  a  State  In  1887.    The  inereane  of  itH  |M>piilatlnn 
(without  noting  the  Indian  element,  has  been  as  follows: 


1800 581  I 

1810 4,703 

1830 8,8I)« 

18.10 81,«a» 

1840 312,307 


1850 ; n07,fl54 

1854 507,531 

1H«4 803,«61 

1870 1,184,287 

1874 i,a84,o;u 


STATE  OOVEKNMENr. 

8AI.AKIB8. 

Oovernor Charles  M.  Croswell,  Adrian fl.OOO 

Lieutciunt  Governor Alon/.o  S«hhIoiih.  Ionia fiperititm* 

8«Tretttry  of  Htate K.  O.  I).  liolden,  (Irand  Uapids i|^    800 

State  Treasurer..: W.  B.  McCrcerv,  Flint 1,000 

Anditor  General Ralph  Ely.  Ahim 1.000 

CommisMi(mer  of  the  Lai  d  Ottlec.    B.  F.  Partridge,  Buy  City 800 

Attorney  General O.  Kirchncr,  Detroit 800 

Sup'nt  of  Public  Instruction H.  8.  Tarbell,  Eiirit  Siiginaw 1,000 


CITY  OP  LANSING  THE  C  \ 


L. 


The  capital  of  the  Slite  of  Michigan.a  flourishhiL  ..f  about  8,000  inhabit- 

ants, is  situated  in  the  northwest  corner  of  Ingiimn  county,  near  tlu^  longitudinal 
center  of  the  lower  peninsula  of  the  Htate.  Kailroatls  radiate  from  the  ciity  in 
leven  different  dinictions.  Southeast,  the  D.  L.  &  N.  R.  K.  connects  It  with 
Detroit,  85  miles  distant;  south,  the  Saginaw  division  of  the  M.  C.  K.  U.  con- 
nects it  with  Jackson,  H7  miles,  and  t\w  L.  S.  A  M.  8.  Ry  .  with  Albion  and 
Jonesviile,  «7  and  59  miles  distant,  respectively  ;  southwest,  the  C.  &  Fj  II.  R. 
connects  it  with  Battle  Crei-k,  45  miles;  northwest,  the  D.  L.  «&  N.  R.  R.  con- 
nects it  with  Ionia,  38  miles,  and  northeast  the  Saginaw  division  of  tlie  M.  O. 
R.  R.  with  Saginaw  and  Bay  City,  «4  and  79,  and  the  C.  &  N.  E.  R.  R.  with 
Flint  and  Port  Huron,  50  and  11«  miles  distant,  respectively.  In  1848  the  first 
meeting  of  the  legislature  was  held  here,  the  site  having  within  a  vear  been 
cleared,  the  state  house  built,  and  suffleient  accommodations  provided  for  board- 
ing the  members.  Lansing  was  incorporated  as  a  city  in  1859,  but  it  wiis  not 
till  1863  that  it  was  accessible  by  rail.  It  has  since  grown  rapidly,  anu  bids 
fair  to  become  a  place  of  considerable  commercial  importance,  aside  ft  om  its 
prestige  as  being  the  seat  of  government. 

THE  HTATE  BUILDINGS. 

The  legislatuie  of  1871  voted  an  appropriation  of  f  1,200,000  for  the  (irection 
of  a  new  State  capLtol,  and  tins  structure  is  now  (1877)  in  an  advancec  state  of 
progress:  it  is  wholly  of  stone,  briek  and  iron,  and  as  nearly  Are  proof  as  possi- 
ble. If  is  in  the  palladian  style  of  architecture,  and  is  345  feet  in  length,  191 
in  width,  and  205  feet  in  height  to  tlu*  toj)  of  the  lantern.  A  rotunda  and  dome 
occupy  the  center  of  the  building.  The  basement  will  be  used  for  the  State 
armory  and  for  storage  purposes.  The  first  floor  will  be  fitted  up  for  the 
various  State  ofl[lces ;  the  second  and  third  stories  will  be  thrown  together  in 
part  for  the  hall  of  representatives,  senate  chamber,  executive  apartments  and 
State  library,  part  of  the  thh^l  story  being  ust  J  for  the  Supreme  Court  room.  It 
is  to  be  really  for  occupany  in  1878. 

The  State  Library  contains  over  30,0*10  volumes,  and  is  in  a  flourishing  con- 
dition. The  State  Reform  School  is  located  on  a  farm  of  224  acres,  just  north- 
east of  the  city,  it  has  at  present  (1877),  366  inmates.  The  State  Agricultural 
College  is  located  three  miles  east  of  Lansing.  It  had  an  endowment  from 
Congress  of  240,000  acres  of  land,  tlae  greater  portion  of  which  remains  un- 
sold.   The  number  of  students  for  1877  is  104. 


♦While  presiding  over  the  Senate  only. 


•I 

3 


114 


THE   LAKE   PORTS. 


•^\ 


OTHER  INSTITUTIONS. 

liOnBlnK  boBHtH  of  inchiirchcN  of  tint  vnriouM  dcnonilnatlonii  romnion  in  thin 
HlaU>.  It  liOH  llk<!wlHc  ail  udnilrubU*  school  Hyxtcni.  A  now  lilnh  miIuniI 
building  ha*  recently  Ix-vn  irectid  at  a  owt  of  ifiUO.UOO.  The  OJil  FellowM  of 
the  Htate  hero  maintain  an  extenHive  Inntitutu  for  an  orphan  lutyliun  and  homu 
for  Indigent  niemlwn)  of  the  onler,  the  value  of  the  pro|M>rty  licinK  alMtiit  ifilOO,- 
000,  Valuubie  mineral  waten*  are  found  here.  Amon^  the  hotelH  Ih  the  I^anH' 
ing  Iloiims  a  lar^e  and  llrBt-olaM  hotel  in  every  reHpect.  The  newHpanerH  are 
the  Kepnhlienn,  publiHhe<l  Mtmi-weekly,  onu  of  the  moHt  carefully  edited  papera 
in  the  8tate,  and  the  Journal,  an  excudlent  d^-miHTatU;  weekly.  Tin-  Htato 
printing  otllce  of  W.  8.  Ueorge  &  Co.,  is  one  <.  Diu  moat  extenHive,  and  com- 
i)let«  iu  the  nurti>we8t. 

BUSINESS  INTEUESTS. 

The  Grand  river,  upon  which  the  cxy  Ih  situated,  Ih  Humteptlble  of  conRlderablo 
improvement  lut  a  water  power.  Tliu  manufacturing  intereotH  Include  three 
wiM)i  and  blind  factorieg  an  extensive  chair  fa<!tory,  a  Ijending  factory,  two 
Iflrge  (ooperln^r  eHtabllRhmenta,  two  afrricultural  Implement  factories,  a  largo 
macldne  Hliop,  etc.  Tliere  are  two  national  banks,  the  Hecond,  capital 
iii.'M),000,  and  the  LanHing,  capital  f  100,000,  also  two  private  banks  Theru  aro 
several  exclusivuly  wiiolusale  houmes  in  Lansing.  The  city  has  several  tine 
blocks  of  stones,  a  Korxl  opera  house,  many  hanilsome  residences  and  is  light<Hl 
with  pas.  Six  splendid  Iron  bridges  (five  of  'vldch  were  erected  in  1875)  cross 
the  river  at  various  ])oinlH.  The  bond*;d  dell,  of  the  city,  including  the  aid 
voted  to  railroads,  is  4iiri,80O.  Telegraph,  .J,)antic  &  Paciflc  and  Western 
Union.    Express,  American  and  United  States.    S.  D.  Bingliani,  poatmoHter. 

SECOND  NATIONAL  BANK. 

No  liiiancial  institution  !n  the  city  has  a  bt^tter  reputation  than  the  Sboond 
National  Bank.  Officered  by  shrewd  and  able  men,  and  with  a  sufficient  capital 
it  rankb  A  1  among  the  banking  houses  of  the  city.  It  was  o|><>n('d  for  busi- 
ness in  1864,  having  uoug.,t  out  the  interest  of  the  First  National  Bank,  with  a 
capital  of  (50,000,  and  '>y  its  Htvi.?'<y  honorable  dealings  soon  won  for  itself  a 
Bterlhig  reputation,  "wC  ?.  the  >.  lont  time  enjoys  the  patronage  and  support 
of  a  large  number  01  '  tize;.- nad  business  men.  A  genera!  banking  busi- 
ness is  transacted,  >dr";-:-  issued  to  all  points,  and  prompt  attention  given  to 
collerMous.  The  o'V  .  «  of  the  bank  are  Ephraim  Longyear,  President ;  .Tames 
H.  Turner,  Vice-I  '  '  nt,  and  Denison  Longyear,  Cashier,  who  together  with 
C.  H.  Longyear,  ai.u  J  M.  Longyear,  constitute  the  present  Board  of  Directors. 
Parties  fr  ^m  abroad  wishing  collections  mode,  or  any  other  business  of  a 
financial  cV  Tacter  transacted  may  entrust  it  to  the  St^cond  National  in  the  full 
assurance  that  the  institution  is  as  solid  as  the  rock  of  ages,  and  fully  able  to 
withstand  any  commercial  storm  that  may  arise. 

H.  INGERSOLL. 

To  the  above  named  gentleman  belongs  the  enviable  distinction  of  havim; 
the  finest  and  largest  dry  goods  and  millinery  bouse  in  the  city  of  Lansing.  It 
occupies  two  floors  of  two  tine  stores,  having  a  frontage  of  forty-four  feet  by 
a  depth  of  one  hundred,  at  121  and  Vi'i  Washington  avenue.  From  the  days 
when  our  Mother  Eve's  transgression  rendered  clothing  a  necessity,  to  the  pres- 
ent, a  complete  revolution,  or  rather  a  succession  of  revolutions,  have  taken 
place  in  regard  to  attire  and  personal  adornment,  and  th(!  manufacture  of  cloth- 
ing (at  least  so  far  as  the  fair  sex  is  concerned)  has  become  (|uite  a  fine  art.  To 
meet  the  wants  of  the  present  generation  all  the  dressmaker's  and  milliner's 
skill  is  called  into  reuuisitiou,  to  keep  pace  with  the  ever  changing  and  fickle 
fashion.  Such  establishments,  tlierefx)re,  as  that  kept  by  Mr.  H.  Inokksoli. 
become  quite  indispensable.    His  stock  of  dry  goods  is  large  and  carefully 


rommon  in  UiIm 

IV  W    lllilh    HCIUM)! 

OJil  Fi^llowH  of 
tyliiiH  niul  homu 
iiiK  ulHMit  f  100,- 
ttclH  ii*  tlH>  Lan«- 

lU'WHpaticnt  art) 
lly  ctUtcU  papent 
•kly.  Tlic  Htato 
IcnHive.  and  com- 


\v.  of  considerable 
tH  incliid*'  time 
Ing  factory,  two 
wtorlt'B,  a  largo 

Hccond,  capital 
hani«8   'Hipro  are 

bus  Bcveral  fine 
:eit  and  is  lighted 
ted  in  1875)  croB» 
including  tbu  aid 
Iflc  and  WeHtem 
m,  postmaster. 


tban  the  Second 
\  sufficient  capital 
openiKl  for  busi- 
)nHl  Banl(,witha 
I  won  for  itself  a 
nage  and  support 
>ral  banliing  busl- 
ittention  given  to 
President;  James 
trlio  togotlier  with 
oard  of  Directars. 
ler  business  of  a 
itional  in  the  full 
and  fully  able  to 


Inction  of  having 
f  of  Lansing.  It 
nrty-four  feet  by 
.  From  the  days 
essity,  to  the  pres- 
tions,  have  taken 
lufacture  of  cloth- 
iite  a  fine  art.  To 
er's  and  milliner's 
Hanging  and  fickle 
^r.  H.  Ingkrboll 
rge  and  carefully 


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■  »iitl«in»«n«iWiM.ririniia-riitrm»iBiw,^y;ffliTi«5«Sfft^^^^ 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


"5 


selected,  embracini;  all  the  newest  and  most  fashionable  articles  in  the  market. 
And  the  purchastT  must  certainly  find  it  somewhat  difficult  to  refrain  from  pur- 
chasini;,  where  the  goods  are  so  lavishly  diupla^ed  as  to  render  the  t(!mptation  to 
buy  almost  irresistible.  Another  branch  of  lus  business  consists  of  carpets  and 
all  kinds  of  house  furnishing  goods,  and  in  which  a  beautiful  display  is  exhib- 
ited of  everjrthing  appertaining  to  this  line.  The  millinery  department  is  also 
very  complete,  and  in  this  branch  a  large  wholesale  connection  has  been  worked 
up,  the  trade  extending  throughout  the  entire  State ;  tlie  large  and  compre- 
hensive stock  fully  warranting  the  assertion  that  tlie  concern  is  fully  ecjual  to 
any  in  Michigan.  This  fact,  together  with  tlie  irreproachable  name  the  house 
has  borne  for  so  many  years,  recommends  them  favorably  to  the  notice  of  all 
retail  clealers.  The  concern  was  started  about  twenty  years  ago,  thus  being 
early  identified  with  the  commercial  interests  of  the  community,  and  by  always 
keeping  a  well  assorted  stock  and  paying  strict  attention  to  the  wants  of  custom- 
ers, has  kept  pace  with  the  city's  growtli.  Prom  a  small  commencement  a  trade 
has  been  worked  up  the  annual  returns  of  which  aggregate  $300,000,  and  ne- 
cessitating tlie  assistance  of  twenty-five  employes. 

B.  D.  NORTHROP. 

The  above  named  gentleman  is  the  proprietor  of  the  handsomest  drug  store 
in  North  Lansing.  His  establishment  is  located  on  Franklin  street,  and  consists 
of  a  commodious  store,  twenty-four  by  fifty  feet  in  extent.  Some  elegant  show 
cases,  filled  with  clioice  toilet  articles,  fancy  goods  and  perfumery  are  disposed 
about  the  store,  giving  it  an  air  of  beauty  and  refinement  seldom  met  with.  The 
stock  carried  by  this  house  consists  of  pure  and  unadulterated  drugs,  wines  and 
spirits  for  medicines,  and  the  other  well  known  numerous  articles  that  go  to  make 
up  a  first-class  druggist's  stock.  He  also  keeps  a  full  line  of  paints  and  oils, 
books  and  stationery,  tobacco  and  cigars.  Mr.  Northrop  has  a  sterling  repu- 
tation as  a  careful  and  reliable  preparer  of  prescriptions,  and  is  well  known  to 
the  medical  fraternity  as  a  thoroughly  trustworthy  and  responsible  man.  Per- 
sons needing  anything  in  Mr.  Northrop's  line,  cannot  do  better  than  to  give 
him  a  call.  They  will  find  him  a  perfect  gentlemen,  and  ever  ready  to  cater  to 
their  wants. 


B.    1>.    N<>HT<H»OP, 

DBALK8  IN 

RURB   DRUGS,  MEDICINES, 

Cluiinieak,  Dye  Stufft,  Perfumerm,  Toilet  and  Famy  Articles,  dr. 

Vtn  Anken's  Kew  Building.  NORTH  LANSIETQ.MICH. 

PhyBlclans'  Pretcriptlonii  ctirerullv  prepared  at  All  Hours. 

BAKER  &  PORTER. 

OHATB  FAOTORT. 

This  is  one  of  the  largest  business  enterprises  of  Lansing,  and  deserves 
special  notice  on  account  ot  its  completeness  in  all  its  details  and  its  general 
usefulness.  It  is  perhaps  the  largest  chair  factory  in  the  State  outside  of  Grand 
Rapids.  The  present  firm  succeeded  thr  Lansing  Chair  Factory,  who  formerly 
carried  on  th?  business  about  a  year  ago.  The  factory  and  salesroom  are  located 
on  Grand  street,  and  consist  of  two  fine  brick  buildings,  each  fifty  by  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  feet  in  extent  and  three  stories  high.  Two  boilers  and  an 
engine  of  one  hundred  and  eighty-five  horse  power  are  employed  to  drive  the 
machinery,  of  which  there  is  an  immense  quantity,  and  of  the  most  improved 
kind.  One  of  the  most  noticeable  pieces  of  machmery  consists  of  a  patent  auto- 
matic lathe  for  turning  chair  legs,  etc.  A  skillful  workman  can,  by  means  of  this 
lathe,  turn  out  twenty-five  hunrh-ed  legs  per  day,  where  by  the  old  hand  lathe 
process  not  more  than  two  hundred  could  be  manufactured  in  the  same  time. 


ii6 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


The  capacity  of  the  factory  is  very  large,  and  in  the  manufacture  of  the  chairs 
gives  employment  to  about  thirty-five  persons.  The  specialties  of  the  factory 
are  cane,  flag  and  wood  seated  chairs,  and  besides  their  ordinary  staff  of  men, 
the  services  of  twenty-flve  Imys  at  the  reform  school  are  engaged  in  caning 
chairs  for  the  firm.  Messrs.  Bakkr  &  Poirrsn  have  lately  designed  two  exceed- 
ingly unique  patterns  for  chairs,  called  the  "  Capitol  Cottage  and  the  "  Ran- 
som Cottage.  Thev  are  a  verv  fine  cane  seated  chair,  of  splendid  worlcmanship 
and  elegance  of  finish.  The  backs  are  finished  in  either  walnut  or  oak,  and  by 
reason  of  their  sterling  excellence  will  doubtless  become  one  of  the  most  popu- 
lar chairs  in  the  marliet.  The  large  and  comprehensive  stock  carried  by  this 
firm,  combined  with  the  well  known  superioritv  of , their  productions,  recommend 
them  to  the  favorable  notice  of  all  dealers.  Their  firm  have  already  established 
a  good  connection,  their  sales  extending  tlm)Ughout  the  entire  States  of  Michi- 
gan, Indiana,  Illinois  and  Ohio.  We  cannot  close  without  complimenting 
Messrs.  Baker  &  Pouter  upon  the  admirable  manner  in  which  their  institution 
is  conducted,  and  congratulating  them  upon  the  possession  of  such  a  large  and 
extensiv((  business. 


O.  A.  Bakbr.  W.  H.  Porteb. 

BAKER   &   PORTER, 

MAHDrAOTURIBS  Or 

CHAIRS:, 

Factory  and  Salesroom, 
GRAND  8TREET,  -  LANSING,  MICH. 


CHAS.  E.  WAGNER. 

As  an  instance  of  how  much  may  be  achieved  by  perseverance  and  busi- 
ness energy,  we  refer  to  the  estnl)liHhment  of  Chas.  E.  Wagner,  who  com- 
menced business  something  less  than  a  year  ago.  He  occupies  a  commodious 
store  at  North  Lansing,  having  a  frontage  of  twenty-six  feet  by  ninety  feet 
deep,  for  the  sale  of  general  merchandise.  His  stock  comprises  a  beautiful 
display  of  general  dry  goods,  millinery,  boots  and  shoes,  choice  groceries, 
etc.,  etc.  He  also  makes  a  specialty  of  buying  butter  and  eg^s,  shipping 
large  quantities  of  these  commodities  to  Detroit  and  East  Sagmaw.  The 
large  and  comprehensive  stock  carried  by  this  house,  and  coupled  with  the 
extremely  low  prices  at  which  goods  are  sold,  make  it  the  most  desirable 
place  at  which  to  trade.  Persons  may  rely  upon  receiving  fair  and  courteous 
treatment  at  the  hands  of  Mr.  Wagner  or  his  employes.  This  is  the  largest 
establishment  of  the  kind  in  North  Lansing,  and  notwithstanding  its  some- 
what recent  establishment,  a  business  has  been  worked  up  worth  $75,000 
annually. 

J.  H.  MOORES,  Real  Estate. 

The  above-named  gentleman  occupies  commodious  offices  on  the  comer  of 
Washington  and  Michigan  avenues,  as  a  real  estate  ofiice.  He  has  a  larger 
amount  of  pine  and  farming  lands  for  disposal  than  any  othef  agent  in  the 
city,  or  in  the  State,  outside  of  Detroit,  having  about  one  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  acres  of  pine  lands  and  twenty  thousand  acres  of  good  farm  lands, 
being  located  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State.  Pine  lands,  as  an  invest- 
ment, have  long  been  acknowledged  as  one  of  the  safest  and  best  speculations 
that  can  be  engaged  in,  while  for  the  pioneer  they  offer  unusual  advantages; 
the  land  being  cleared,  is  capable  of  producing  unexceptionable  crops,  as  has 
been  frequently  proved.  By  this  means  a  farm  can  be  purchased  at  a  very 
small  cost,  a  few  years,  perhaps,  of  hard  labor,  and  then  the  happy  farmer 
can  survey  his  neat  homestead,  with  its  nice  clearing,  with  the  greatest  of 
satisfaction,  in  the  thought  that  it  has  been  subdued  by  him  from  a  state  of 


T 


ure  of  the  chairs 
eg  of  the  f  tictoiy 
iry  staff  of  men, 
igaged  in  caning 
E^ned  two  exceed- 
'  and  the  "Ran- 
did  worlcmanship 
It  or  oak,  and  by 
)f  the  most  popu- 
Ic  carried  by  this 
tions,  recommend 
Iready  established 
e  States  of  Michi- 
it  complimenting 
b.  their  institution 
such  a  large  and 

W.  H.  POBTEE. 

a, 


TCH. 


rerance  and  busi- 
AONEH,  who  com- 
)ie9  a  commodious 
;et  by  ninety  feet 
prises  a  beautiful 
,  choice  groceries, 
nd  eggs,  shipping 
«t  Sagmaw.    The 

coupled  with  the 
the  most  desirable 
fair  and  courteous 
This  is  the  largest 
standing  its  some- 

up  worth  $75,000 


3es  on  the  comer  of 
e.  He  has  a  larger 
other  agent  in  the 
hundred  and  fifty 
>f  good  farm  lands, 
ands,  as  an  invest- 
ad  best  speculations 
nuBual  advantages; 
onable  crops,  as  has 
urchased  at  a  very 
1  the  happy  farmer 
<rith  the  greatest  of 
im  from  a  state  of 


THE   LAKE    PORTS. 


in 


nature  to  its  present  fertility.  The  climate  of  northern  Michigim  is  not  to  be 
surpassed  in  this  or  any  other  State;  the  atmosphere  is  clear  and  dry,  and 
a  healthier  region  cuunot  be  found.  Mr.  J.  II.  AIoouks  has  bcsen  in  business 
in  Lansing  for  six  years,  and  liy  reason  of  his  well-known  and  sterling  integ- 
rity parlies  may  rely  implicitly  on  his  reprfsentation.s.  He  handles  a  great 
deal  of  real  estate  on  commission,  and  persons  having  land  they  are  desirous 
of  pla(;ing  on  the  market,  cannot  entrust  it  a  more  honorable,  competent  or 
conscientious  man  than  Mr.  J.  H.  Moohks. 

B.  W.  &  M.  J.  BUCK. 

The  foundation  of  this  large  and  extensive  furniture  business  was  laid 
twenty-eight  years  ago  by  Mr.  I).  W.  Buck,  thus  i)eing  very  early  identified 
with  the  business  interests  of  the  community.  By  strict  attention  tol)Hsine8s 
and  by  always  keeping  on  hand  a  well  selected  stock,  the  concern  has  kept 
pace  with  the  growing  importance  of  the  city,  and  at  the  present  time 
assumes  mammoth  proportions,  being  without  a  doubt  the  larg<'st  furniture 
house  in  the  State  outside  of  Orand  Hapids  and  Detroit.  They  formerly 
manufa(^tured  furniture  largely,  but  have  since  di-scontinued  that  branch,  and 
adhere  to  the  jobbmg  trade.  They  have,  however,  a  repairing  and  up- 
holstery department  in  connection,  and  in  which  skilled  workmen  are  em- 
ployed and  perfe(!t  satisfaction  guaranteed.  Their  establishment  is  located 
on  the  corner  of  Washington  avenue  and  lona  street,  and  consists  of  a  fine 
two-story  premises,  I'aving  a  frontage  forty-four  feet  by  a  depth  of  one 
hundred  and  thirty-live  feet.  Their  stock  is  a  very  fine  and  large  one,  com- 
prising every  kind  of  furniture  manufactured,  from  a  child's  miniature  chair 
to  a  magnificent  drawing-room  suite.  Their  parlor,  bed-room  and  dining- 
room  *ets  are  also  very  fine  and  deserving  of  special  notice.  There  is  an 
undertaking  department  in  connection,  wtsll  equipped  in  every  parti(;ular, 
three  handsome  hearses  and  a  beautiful  children's  hearse  being  used  in  con- 
nection, this  last  being  the  most  elegant  and  beautiful  hearse  in  the  State. 
A  full  assortment  of  handsome  coffins  are  also  always  kept  on  hand.  The 
large  and  comprehensive  stoc^k  carried  by  this  house  make  it  the  most  desira- 
ble place  to  trade.  Mr.  I).  W.  Buck  is  a  gentleman  well  and  widely  known 
among  buHine.ss  men  and  others  for  his  many  admirable  qualities,  and  is  a 
man  held  in  great  respect  by  his  fellow  citizens,  having  twice  held  the  office 
of  mayor  of  the  city.  Mr.  M.  J.  Buck,  the  junior,  and  who  has  been  lately 
admitted,  is  the  son  of  Mr.  D.  W.  Buck,  and  will  doubtless  do  all  that  in  him 
lies  to  sustain  the  good  name  the  house  has  borne  for  so  many  years. 


D.  IV.  A  M..  J.  srrcK, 

DIALBRS  IN 

Parlor  Furniture,  Children's  Cabs,  Brackets,  Upholstery  Goods,  Etc. 

Vndertaklnc  •  Specialty. 

Nos.  193  AKD  105  Washihoton  AYBNua.      ....       LANSING,  MICHIGAN. 


C.  E.  HULBERT, 

AOENT   KOR  GORDON'S  FOOD  FOR  HORSES  AND  CATTLE. 

The  above-named  gentleman  has  just  been  appointed  State  agent  for  that 
valuable  preparation  for  horses  and  cattle  known  as  "Gordon's  Food."  On 
account  of  its  great  merit,  it  may  not  be  considered  out  of  place  to  give  it  a 
brief  mention  in  these  pages.  Although  it  has  been  used  in  England  for 
many  years  with  the  greatest  success,  its  introdxction  into  this  country  has 
been  somewhat  recent.  But  even  now  the  sales  in  the  cities  of  New  Yoik 
and  Philadelphia  and  the  State  of  New  Jersey  amount  to  twenty-five  tons 
weekly,  while  the  annual  sales  for  the  United  States  reaches  the  large  amount 


118 


THE    LAKE    PORTS. 


of  ten  thouwind  toiiH,  without  counting  the  Western  St^iteH  and  Michigan, 
into  whicli  State  it  htut  only  just  been  introduced.  The  inventor  and  patentee 
Ih  Gerald  (Gordon,  Kw)..  of  (Mncinnati,  Ohio,  an  analytic  chemist  I*y  pro- 
fession, wliOMe  large  practical  experience  in  applying  this  branch  of  Hcience 
to  the  feeding  of  stock,  hatt  already  won  for  him  a  wide  and  honorable  repu- 
tation among  the  loading  fit(K;k  raiHers  and  horse  trainers  in  £uro|)e  and  the 
United  HtateH.  He  heln  for  years  a  controlling  interest  in  the  North  British 
(^'attle  Food  (company,  and  during  the  cattle  plague  in  England  proved  beyond 
all  doubt  the  merit  of  his  food  by  its  salutary  effects  upon  diseasod  Hto<;k.  A 
great  thing  in  its  favor  is  the  fact  of  its  containing  no  metalic  substances,  its 
fngredients  being  entirely  vegetable.  It  is  a  combination  of  such  roots, 
herbs,  seeds  and  spices  as  science  and  prac;tical  experiments  have  proved 
benetlcittl  to  the  health  of  all  stable-kept  animals.  It  does  away  with  all 
such  ^to  a  horse)  unpalatable  preparations  as  condition  powders,  bran  mash 
aud  oil  cakes,  and  supplies  as  a  substitute  something  not  only  eagerly  relished, 
but  imparts  its  palatable  qualities  to  other  food,  so  that  straw,  corn  stalks 
and  poorly  cured  hay  will  be  readily  eaten  when  cut  and  mixed  with  it,  or 
when  dampened  ami  the  food  sprinkled  over  it.  For  colic,  wind,  worms, 
cribbing,  and  as  a  dige.stcr,  the  food  cannot  be  surpassed.  The  above  men- 
tioned disorders  have  all  been  completely  cured  bjr  the  food,  as  hundreds  of 
testimonials  will  amply  testify,  and  as  a  regulator  it  has  been  known  to  regu- 
late an  animal  when  all  other  means  have  failed.  This  may  be  considered  to 
be  claiming  a  great  deal  for  one  article,  hut  when  it  is  considered  that  all 
these  complaints  arise  from  a  disordered  system,  and  that  a  wholsome  diet,  a 
perfect  digestion  and  a  free  circulation  of  blood  are  the  conditions  of  health 
and  activity,  and  that  it  is  the  design  of  Gordon's  food  to  secure  these 
results,  its  claims  will  not  appear  extravagant  or  irrational.  To  sum  up, 
Gordon's  food  is  a  really  meritorious  article,  as  the  writer  of  this  hop  had 
abundance  of  proof,  and  that  it  will  be  patronized  here  as  well  as  in  other 
States  there  is  very  little  doubt.  In  fact,  the  great  success  it  bos  met  with 
hitherto  augurs  well  for  its  future.  All  owners  of  horses  and  cattle  should 
not  fail  to  try  it.  Communications  addressed  to  Dr.  Gordon's  Food  Agency, 
Lansing,  Michigan,  will  receive  prompt  and  courteous  attention. 


!H  and  Michigan, 
ilor  and  patentee 
[jhemist  l»y  pro- 
ranch  of  science 

honorable  repu- 

Euro|)€  and  tl>e 
;he  North  British 
id  prove«l  beyond 
iseasod  stocli.  A 
Ic  8ul)staneeH,  its 
I  of  such  roots, 
snts  have  proved 
es  away  with  all 
wders,  bran  mash 
y  eagerly  relished, 
itraw,  corn  stalks 
mixed  with  it,  or 
ilic,  wind,  worms, 

The  above  men- 
d,  as  hundreds  of 
sn  known  to  regu- 
f  be  considered  to 
onsidered  that  all 
i  wholsome  diet,  a 
nditions  of  health 
d  to  secure  these 
mal.  To  sum  up, 
Rr  of  this  hap  had 
»  well  as  in  other 
H  it  has  met  with 

and  cattle  should 
on's  Food  Agency, 
ntion. 


^mft^l  III  i„,n,|f,.i«i'iini, 


W*-*-^*!-.^*^!* 


fs. 


mPIiBBIBHTSt 


THE    LAKE   PORTS. 


119 


E.  BEMENT  &  SONS,  Agricultural  Works 

The  reputation  of  the  Bement  plow,  throughout  Michigan,  has  made  it 
necessary  for  Messrs.  Bbmknt  &  Sons  to  enlarge  their  concern,  and  manu- 
facture other  agricultural  implements.  Their  foundry  and  shops  arc  in 
complete  order  and  are  now  prepared  to  furnish  all  kinds  of  machinery  used 
by  fanners.  A  visit  to  their  establishment  will  satisfy  any  one  that  they  need 
not  look  further,  as  their  concern  is  the  largest  in  this  section  of  the  state, 
and  as  business  men  the  Messrs.  Bement  are  well  known  as  prompt,  popular 
and  obliging.     See  page  118. 

MESSRS.  G.  W.  WOOD  &  CO.,  Artists, 

Whoso  card  appears  below,  are  affable  and  courteous  gentlemen,  and  well 
fitted  to  sustain  the  reputation  for  superiority  in  their  profession  which  thev 
have  long  enjoyed;  and  any  body  wanting  anything  in  their  line  will  do  well 
to  call. 


Q.  W.  WOOD  &  CO., 
PH:OTOGRA.I>HIO    A.RTI8T8, 

Comer  of  Washington  and  Ml(iblgan  Avenues, 

Lansing,  Mich. 

Satiataction  in  every  way  guaranteed.    Ohildren'a  Photos,  Copies,  and  Travelen' 

Samples  a  Specialty. 


KXJSSELL    HOU8,E, 


•  ai«I»23  0I.«P, 


Oommanding  tbe  T.««iii«g 


Pablio  Stpvare,  6|iiMalte  Cl^  Hall  and  Opera  Houses. 
Thorouc^area  of  the  City. 

FiNB  PaSSENOBB  ElETATOB  and  all  MoDBBN  IXPaOVBMENTS. 

WITBECK,  CHITTENDEN  &  CO.,  Proprietors. 

LANSING^OUSE, 

One  of  the  Largest  and  Best  Hotels  in  the  State. 

M.  HUDSON,  Propbietoe.    -    -    LANSING,  MICH. 


120 


INK    I.AKK    PORTS. 


MICIIKJAX  KNTKHFIMSK  IN  NEW  YOIUv 
GOODSELL  BROS.,  Founders  of  the  Daily  Graphic. 

Tl.rs..  H|«.,iincnH  ..f  n,,.  wsKm  Y.mkc..  wor.^  l...in  in  I'ontiac,  Midii-an 

"^ii  •""  Th  ^  Z;  ^'i'"  "\  '.'"'I'-'''  !"""'«»'"""''••  ""itH  of  ti...  „.„„,.;..,.-  Y,S. 

1      .•;      ""    "."'^  ii'lKcHl)!.-  -Vunk...  syinploi.i  wus  h  frtMiiicntly  cximss,,! 

.■H m- t..  p.  w,.s  ,  ami  as  H....n  us  pannlal  authority  was  ,lis,.,.H,..l  of  vr  (i  , 

tl  .n   w,.,ul.njr  tl......  way  ty  (.'l.uafr,,  t„  c.n.pK..  f..r  tl...  II,  kl..  Hinllc  of  fort.. 

Tl.r.   Hoon  ol.fan....l  siluations  as  local  ...iitors  on  tl...  l<.a.lin«  paprrsof  tl. ",  ity 

l.i.t  tl.r.r  aspii-at.ons  wr.v  „pwa..l  ami  onwanl,  .«..<!  ,■,•..  l,,,,.' w  ,  n„,i  tl, '.n  tho 
m^...ators  an.l  p,opr...tor.s  of  .„,  ins.,.™,....  jo.,.-„al  ..|„.is.,^.,..l  iJsJluor, 

i  V      \Vi.',?r.       ''"  ••""^"'■.••7'  "  ^'"P'l'T'l  P"l>li.atio„  l,y  tl,..  ins„ran<.e  f,at..r: 

W-        V' ,**'<'■''•'*«  ••'>."'"  '"glx'i-  aspi,ati..ns  am]  lon-in^rs  r„r  a  m.,r..  ..xt<.i„|..(l 

.l..<i.i,Ml  t..  I,y  II......  lo,-ti.,„.s  a.nonir  th.^h-  .as^.m  proj,'..nitors,  and  ...mrlml.-fl 

N..w^..rK  ...ty  was    I,.  l„.st  point  to  lo..at...     OnV.-  To,.at...l,  th.-ir  i.v.'    ivc 
«..,,.  8  s..on  .l,.s....v..r,..l  a  li..].!  i„  wl.l.-l,  to  ,.x..,-cis..  tl,..i,-  jireat  .mtn.-al  ami  .' .  It^ 

vat.-,l  alj,l.t,..s.     Tl,..  work  to  wl.i.l,  ||,..y  <!,.vot..d  tl...lr  r,.n,l.i.,H    c'  ...rS  ■«    1 
tl...  pro.U.,.t...n  ..    .Mla.ly  pu;torial  Hl„.et.  an  ..nt.-rprise  wholly  „,.w,  mtlVrZ 
sir  ly  ..xp..n,n..ntal;   an.l  on..,  w..  n,ij,'l,t  a.l.l,  that  .,.„..■  b„t  a  <.on,h„e,l  ■  st.Tn 
ami  w..8t..,n  Yank...- w.n.1.1  ..yr  da,-.- att.n.pt ;  hut  the  k.kI.U.ss  of  f .Irtu, 7 hJ^ 
Hni.l..d  ,.po.,  th.-.r  ..fforts,  and  t.,.day  no  .laily  in  N,.w  Vork  dtv    h     ctZ 
|.at....n./nl  or  „,or,.  ahly  ,.,lit...l.     I,,  ;.onn,.,ai...i  with  tl,..  pap.r  thc-y  con  1,  rt 

1  V.n'r   ?';'"'  ""!'  r'*'""''V'  rintmK  .'stahlisl,in,.nt  in  th.-'city.  wh.^re  aU    he 
v!^^,.^''' •'""•}''■'!-:!"    "  "l''"«'-apl.y  ,,r  prhitin^  ..yer  th.-u^ht  of,  or  that 
.■ver  .-an  1,.-  .Ifsit^ncd  whiU,  the  (Joodskm,  U.tos.  ..xist,  may  be  foiuid. 


PVERY  MAN  OF  FAMILY 

Who  is  able  to  ^'ai..  the  n,.u,.^y  for  a  Kew  Y..rk  Daily  I'ap<.r.  .)w..s  it  t.,  his 

laniily  t.)  suhs.rihe  lor 

The  Daily  Graphic, 


I 


AND  rOH  THE  l!X)LLOWlNn   KBABON8  : 

s  THK  Only  Ir,i,i;sTHATKi)  Daiia'  in  tiik  Would. 
It  is  tiik  most  Intkuestin.j  Daily  Isbuku. 

It  Ilhsthateh  Tihthkully  ali,  Ghkat  Events. 

It  is  Independent,  Hum  Toned  and  HEsi-ECTAnLE. 
It  Pleases  the  Family  Betteu  than  all  otiieks. 
It  is  only  $1.25  pkk  month  oh  $13  teu  yeau 

Evei^-  Tluii.sday  THE  DAILY  GRAPHIC  publishes  a 

Supplement  dejwted  to  t/ie  Pictoral  Illustration  of  the  Great  Centennial 

Enterprise, 
which  is  furnished  without  exti-a  charge  to  every  reader  an.l  Kuhserihor      Thia  font......  n,iii 

TKe  GrrctpKic  Compctrty, 

PARK  PLACE,  NEW  YORK. 


i% 


KW  YOlUC. 

e  Daily  Graphic. 

")in  in  Pontiat',  Aricliiiran, 
itHnf  the  niiincroim  Yaiikct" 
us  a  frc(|ii('ntly  cxprcsHcd 
ty  waH  (liN|((iH(('l  of  we  (iiul 
the  (ickic  smile  of  fortimc. 

leading  papcisof  the  city, 
nv  loni,'  wi'  Mini  tlicm  llio 
I  rliiislciicd  the  Sprrtntor, 
)ii  liy  till'  insurance  fratcr- 
Kin^'s  for  a  more  extended 
r  matnre  delll)eralion  they 
)roir(n|tors,  and  conclnded 
ce  located,  their  inventive 
cir  Kreat  natural  and  eulti- 
elr  combined  ener;{i<'8  was 
so  wholly  new,  and  neces- 
ine  but  a  combined  eastern 
he  ffo<Iil«'HN  of  fortune  has 
New  Vorl{  city  is  better 
li  the  paper  they  conduct 

in  till'  city,  where  all  the 
ft  ever  thoujjht  of,  or  that 
,  may  be  found. 


A.MILY 

•aily  I'aper,  owes  it  to  his 

iphic, 

N8: 
UI.U. 

\T  Events. 

\Nn  HKSI'KCTAni.K. 

PKU  THAN  AM,  OTIIEKS. 

rONTII  oil  il3  PKK  YKAn. 

ity  and  country.  Tim  annual 
twenty-four  luinilred  jiOKeR, 
ma  of  our  time  and  progress. 

publishes  a 

f  the  Great  Centennial 


ubscriber.     This  feature  will 
In  progress  will  prove  of  sur- 


rvpoTty, 

:E,  new  YORK. 


V\^ ABASH  Railway. 


Th*  Great  Union  LKpot  M  I  olatlu. 


And'propofw  to  fight  it  out  on  thiH  line  if  it,tnk(--H  all  summer. 


THE  GEEAT  WABASH 

BEATH  them  all  in  TlMB  AND  RaTKK. 


^r^eE  SLEEPING  e^^S  gtf)AY  CO  AGUES 

ARB  BCN  THBOUOH,  WtTHOCT  CHASOE,  TO 

Im^...    .TE,  Pkobia,  Burlington,  Kkokuk,  St.  Louii, 

Hannibal,  Quincy,  Kansas  City,  St. 

Joseph,  and  Atchison. 

THI8  ROUTE  18  FAMOUS  PjMt  ITS 

GOOD  TRAOB:  1  GOOD  {lA^T  GOOD  TIME  I 

Good  CoKNECTiONSANi/ Few' CHAjsbEs  or  Cars! 

lo  AUt  routs ' 

ClOM  Comi«etiom  imda  at  ST.  bOUM,  SS^"^  ^iM}!^^^^  ^  ■" 
Pointeln  lin8iOimi,TCXM.IMMiM/0«LqilAOO,  and 

NEW"'MCXI(KI*';  '  .^    ■ 
••.Ml  MNtr~ 


Thi  0839^Li&i  BttwiMi  TglMo  tad  tb»  ICiMiitiypi  livw 

UNDER  ONE  MANAGEMENT. 

A.  I..  HOPKINS,  B.ANDEBWB,  H.  0.  TOWNBBKD, 


.WAY. 


'a^wm 


<  all  HUmmer. 


BA.8H 


KM. 


r  C0J2CMES 

TO 

iTK,  St.  Louia, 
T,  St. 

rs 

OOD  TIME  I 

OF  Cars! 

r  IMNNIBAL  for  iM 
RAOO,  and 


iMiifiSpi  llTM 


H.aTdWMBBND, 
0ml  Pammaer  Agent. 


